Na Cocer Peptides 
1 mahina aku nei
ʻO nā ʻatikala a me nā ʻike huahana i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia pūnaewele pūnaewele wale nō no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike a me nā kumu hoʻonaʻauao.
ʻO nā huahana i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia pūnaewele i manaʻo wale ʻia no ka noiʻi in vitro. Hana ʻia ka noiʻi in vitro (Latin: *i ke aniani*, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka ipu aniani) ma waho o ke kino kanaka. ʻAʻole kēia mau huahana i lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia e ka US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana, mālama a hoʻōla i kekahi maʻi olakino, maʻi, a i ʻole maʻi. Ua pāpā loa ʻia e ke kānāwai ke hoʻokomo i kēia mau huahana i loko o ke kino kanaka a holoholona paha ma kekahi ʻano.
Nānā nui
ʻO GLP-2, kahi lāʻau lapaʻau hou, ua loaʻa ka manaʻo nui i ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ka metabolism. ʻO ia ka mua o ka honua agonist lua o ka glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor a me ka glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor. Ma o kāna hana kū hoʻokahi o ka hana, hoʻohālike ia i nā hopena kūlohelohe o GLP-1 a me GIP, e hāʻawi ana i kahi koho hou no ka mālama ʻana i ka glucose koko.
Kiʻi 1 Nā hana o ka GLP-2 i loko o ke kino kanaka.
Mechanism of Action
Hoʻoponopono i ka insulin a me ka huna ʻana o ka glucagon: Hoʻonui ka GLP-2 i ka huna ʻana o ka insulin a hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka glucagon ma ke ʻano pili i ka glucose. Ke piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose i ke koko, hoʻolalelale ʻo GLP-2 i nā cell beta pancreatic e huna hou i ka insulin, ma laila e hoʻolalelale ai i ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā pae glucose koko; ke pale nei i ka huna ʻana o ka glucagon, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka glucose hepatic, e hoʻopaʻa hou i nā pae glucose koko. ʻO kēia ala hoʻoponopono ʻelua-pronged e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke koena glucose koko ikaika, me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi ʻana i nā pae glucose koko hoʻokēʻai a me ka postprandial.
Hoʻoulu i ka māʻona a me ka poho kaumaha: Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻoikaika i ka māʻona, alakaʻi i nā mea maʻi e hōʻemi i ka ʻai ʻana a ma laila e lilo ai ke kaumaha. He mea koʻikoʻi ka pohō kaumaha no nā poʻe maʻi me ke ʻano 2 metabolism, no ka mea, pili pinepine ka obesity me ka pale ʻana i ka insulin. Ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kaumaha, kōkua ʻo GLP-2 i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka naʻau o ka insulin, e hoʻonui ai i ke kino i ka insulin a ma laila e hoʻomalu maikaʻi ai i nā pae glucose koko. Hoʻohui, kōkua ka pohō kaumaha e hōʻemi i ka hopena o nā hoʻopiʻi e like me ka maʻi cardiovascular i nā mea maʻi metabolism.
Hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻōpū: Hoʻopaneʻe ʻo GLP-2 i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻōpū, hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa e waiho ai ka meaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū a hoʻolōʻihi i kona komo ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a laila e pale ai i ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ke kō koko. Kōkua kēia hopena i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kōpaʻa koko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kō koko postprandial, e hana ana i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ke kō koko.
Hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hōʻailona metabolic: Ma waho aʻe o kona hopena i ke kō koko a me ke kaumaha, hōʻike pū ʻo GLP-2 i nā hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā pae lipid a me nā hōʻailona metabolic ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike nā haʻawina haukaʻi e kōkua ana ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka lipoprotein haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL) cholesterol a me nā pae triglyceride, hoʻonui i ke olakino metabolic holoʻokoʻa a hoʻemi hou i ka hopena o ka maʻi cardiovascular i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi.
Palapala noi
I loko o ka SURPASS a me SURMOUNT nui-nui Phase III haʻawina hoʻonaʻauao, GLP-2 hōʻike 'oi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomalu glucose koko. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi placebo, ua hoʻemi nui ʻo GLP-2 i nā pae hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hopena pohō kaumaha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā agonists receptor GLP-1 i ʻae ʻia i kēia manawa. I kekahi mau ho'āʻo, ua ʻike nā mea maʻi i mālama ʻia me GLP-2 i nā hōʻemi nui aʻe o ka pae HbA1c a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pohō kaumaha, e hōʻike pono ana i kona pono a me ka maikaʻi o ka mana glycemic a me ka mālama kaumaha.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi type 2: ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻoikaika kino, hāʻawi ʻo GLP-2 i kahi koho lapaʻau kūpono no nā poʻe maʻi me ke ʻano 2 metabolism. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he monotherapy a i hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau antidiabetic ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻo GLP-2 i ka mana glucose koko o nā maʻi.
Ka hopena
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, hōʻike ʻo GLP-2 i nā pono o ka hoʻokele glucose koko ma muli o kāna ʻano hana kū hoʻokahi a me kāna hana koʻikoʻi i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau. ʻAʻole wale ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose i ke koko akā he hana maikaʻi nō hoʻi i ka mālama paona a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hōʻailona metabolic.
Nā kumu
[1] Sood A, Kaur P, Syed O, et al. Hoʻololi i ka mālama metabolism: wehe i ka hiki o GLP-2 i ka mana glycemic a ma waho aʻe [J]. Ka Manaʻo Manaʻo o Clinical Pharmacology, 2024,17(3):235-246.DOI:10.1080/17512433.2024.2310070.
[2] Wong E, Cope R, Dima L, et al. GLP-2: ʻAlua Glucose-hilinaʻi Insulinotropic Polypeptide a me Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist no ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano maʻi diabetes Mellitus [J]. American Journal of Therapeutics, 2023,30(1):e26-e35.DOI:10.1097/MJT.0000000000001588.
[3] Kumar D, Harshidha D, Mousigan M, et al. He Manaʻo ma luna o GLP-2, ʻelua-Targeted Lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi a me ka momona [J]. Ka Nupepa International of Innovative Research & Growth, 2022,7:983.DOI:10.5281/zenodo.7420605.
[4] Chavda VP, Ajabiya J, Teli D, et al. ʻO GLP-2, he wā hou o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua i koho ʻia no ka maʻi maʻi a me ka momona: kahi hōʻike liʻiliʻi [J]. Nā Molekula, 2022,27(13).DOI:10.3390/molecules27134315.
[5] Forzano I, Varzideh F, Avvisato R, et al. GLP-2: He Hōʻano Hou [J]. Ka Nupepa International of Molecular Sciences, 2022,23(23).DOI:10.3390/ijms232314631.
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