▎ Nchọpụta SNAP-8
Kedu ihe bụ SNAP-8?
SNAP-8 bụ peptide sịntetịt nke mejupụtara 8 amino asịd.
Kedu ihe ndabere nyocha nke SNAP-8?
Nnyocha ịka nká akpụkpọ:
Site na mmụba nke afọ, akpụkpọ ahụ na-egosi ihe ịrịba ama nke ịka nká dị ka wrinkles. Nhazi nke wrinkles na-agbanwe agbanwe nwere njikọ chiri anya na mkpụkọ akwara ihu mgbe niile. Ndị neurotransmitters na-ebute mkpụkọ akwara. Ya mere, ịchọta ihe nwere ike ịhazi ntọhapụ neurotransmitter ma belata mkpụkọ anụ ahụ aghọwo ihe dị mkpa na nyocha nyocha nke akpụkpọ ahụ.
Nnyocha sayensị Neuroscience:
Nnyocha na usoro nke ntọhapụ neurotransmitter na-abawanyewanye nke ọma, a chọpụtakwara na ihe mgbagwoju anya nke Soluble NSF Attachment Protein Receptor (SNARE) na-ekere òkè na ya. SNAP-25 bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mgbagwoju SNARE. Ịghọta nhazi ya na ọrụ ya na-enye usoro ihe ndabere maka ịmepụta ihe ndị nwere ike igbochi ntọhapụ neurotransmitter. Dabere na ọmụmụ ihe ndị a, ndị na-eme nchọpụta na-atụ anya ịmepụta ihe dị mma ma dị irè nke nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na-arụ ọrụ mgbochi wrinkle na nlekọta anụ ahụ kamakwa na-enye ngwá ọrụ na echiche ọhụrụ maka nchọpụta neuroscience. SNAP-8 pụtara n'ọnọdụ a wee jiri nwayọ bụrụ ebe nyocha na mpaghara metụtara ya.
Gịnị bụ usoro omume nke SNAP-8?
1. Skin mgbochi ịka nká
Na-ebelata wrinkles:
SNAP-8 na-ebelata wrinkles siri ike na nke kwụ ọtọ n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ site na ibelata mkpụkọ akwara, na-eme ka ọdịdị akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma. A na-ebute wrinkles na-agbanwe agbanwe site na mkpụkọ nke akwara ihu ihu, ebe wrinkles static na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-etolite ka afọ na mbelata nke nrịcha akpụkpọ ahụ. Usoro nke SNAP-8 na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ ghara ịda mbà, si otú a na-ebelata ọgbọ nke wrinkles dị ike. N'otu oge ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-ebelata mkpali akwara na akpụkpọ ahụ, ọ na-enyekwa aka mee ka usoro ịka nká akpụkpọ ahụ kwụsịlata ma belata nhazi nke wrinkles static.
Na-akwalite mmepụta nke collagen:
SNAP-8 nwekwara ike ịkwalite mmepụta nke collagen na akpụkpọ ahụ site na ịhazi ụzọ mgbaàmà ekwentị. Collagen bụ isi ihe na-emepụta protein na akpụkpọ ahụ, nke na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo nro na ike. Na afọ, ọdịnaya nke collagen na akpụkpọ ahụ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata, na-eduga na ntụrụndụ anụ ahụ na ọdịdị nke wrinkles. SNAP-8 nwere ike ịkwalite njikọ nke collagen site n'ịkwalite ụzọ mgbaàmà ụfọdụ, dị ka ụzọ akara TGF-β/Smad. Na mgbakwunye, SNAP-8 nwekwara ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke collagen na akpụkpọ ahụ site na igbochi mmebi nke collagen.
2. Neuromuscular ụkpụrụ
Na-etinye aka na mgbagwoju SNARE:
SNAP-8 bụ ihe nṅomi N-terminal nke SNAP-25 ma nwee ike ịsọ mpi na SNAP-25 maka ọnọdụ ya na ogige SNARE. Mgbagwoju anya SNARE na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na usoro ntọhapụ neurotransmitter. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, mgbagwoju SNARE bụ syntaxin na akpụkpọ anụ presynaptic, synaptobrevin, na SNAP-25 na akpụkpọ anụ vesicle synaptic. Mgbe mkpali akwara rutere na akpụkpọ ahụ presynapti, ntinye nke ion calcium na-ebute njikọ nke vesicles synaptic na akpụkpọ anụ presynaptic, si otú ahụ na-ahapụ ndị na-ahụ maka ụbụrụ. Otú ọ dị, mgbe SNAP-8 na SNAP-25 na-asọmpi maka ọnọdụ na mgbagwoju SNARE, ọ na-egbochi nhazi nke mgbagwoju SNARE. Nke a na-eme ka ọ ghara ikwe omume maka vesicles synapti ịhapụ ndị na-ahụ maka neurotransmitters nke ọma, na-ebute mkpụkọ anụ ahụ adịghị ike.
Mbelata ntọhapụ neurotransmitter:
Site na itinye aka na mgbagwoju SNARE, SNAP-8 na-ebelata ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters bụ kemịkalụ kemịkalụ na-ebunye akara n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ akwara. Mwepu nke neurotransmitter ga-eduga n'ịkpali akwara oke nke uru ahụ. Omume SNAP-8 na-ebelata mkpali akwara nke uru ahụ, si otú a na-ebelata nhazi nke wrinkles.
3. Nchọpụta Neurobiology
Na-ahazi mwepụta neurotransmitter:
N'ihi myirịta dị n'etiti SNAP-8 na SNAP-25, ọ nwere ike ịnwe uru ngwa ngwa na nyocha neurobiological [1] . Na ọrịa neurodegenerative, ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitter nke ukwuu nwere ike ibute mmebi akwara.
Na-emetụta neuroinflammation:
SNAP-8 nwere ike ịhazi nzuzo nzuzo nke cytokines pro-inflammatory na sel ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe site na-emetụta njikọ nke vesicles synaptic, si otú a na-enwe mmetụta na nzaghachi mkpali [1] . Neuroinflammation na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ọrịa neurodegenerative. Ịkwalite mkpụrụ ndụ na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na nzuzo nke cytokines pro-inflammatory ga-eduga na mmebi na ọnwụ nke neurons. SNAP-8 nwere ike imetụta nzuzo nke cytokines pro-inflammatory na sel ndị na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ site na ịhazi njikọ nke vesicles synapti, si otú a na-ebelata nzaghachi neuroinflammatory.
Kedu ihe bụ ngwa SNAP-8?
1. Mgbochi-ahịhịa mmetụta
Dị ka ụdị octapeptide ọhụrụ, SNAP-8 na-egosi mmetụta mgbochi nhịahụ na ngalaba nlekọta anụ ahụ. Ọ na-ebelata oke mkpụkọ nke akwara ihu site na igbochi ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitters, wee belata nguzobe nke wrinkles dị ike na static. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ egosila na SNAP-8 nwere ike ime ihe n'ụzọ dị irè na ahịrị ọdịdị ihu na wrinkles. Iji SNAP-8 ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị nwere ike ibelata ahịrị okwu na wrinkles site na 63% n'ime ụbọchị 30, nke na-enye nkwado siri ike maka ngwa ya na ngalaba mgbochi mgbochi akpụkpọ anụ. Usoro a na-egbochi ịhịa aka n'ahụ dị iche na ụzọ ọdịnala ọdịnala. Ọ naghị eji ndochi anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ peeling kemịkalụ, kama ọ na-amalite site n'echiche nke ntọhapụ neurotransmitter, na-enye echiche ọhụrụ maka mgbochi wrinkle akpụkpọ.
2. Na-akwalite mmepụta nke collagen
SNAP-8 nwekwara ike ịkwalite mmepụta nke collagen n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ site n'ịhazi ụzọ akara ekwentị, si otú ahụ na-eme ka nhazi ahụ na ngbanwe nke akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo elu. Collagen bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke akpụkpọ ahụ, nke nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ike na ngbanwe nke akpụkpọ ahụ. Ka oge na-aga, collagen na akpụkpọ ahụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata, na-eduga na ntụrụndụ anụ ahụ na ọtụtụ wrinkles. Usoro a nke SNAP-8 na-enye ụzọ ọhụrụ iji dozie nsogbu nke ịka nká akpụkpọ ahụ. Site n'ịkwalite mmepụta nke collagen, SNAP-8 nwere ike imeziwanye ọdịdị na ọdịdị nke akpụkpọ ahụ n'ụzọ dị irè, na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo nro na nke siri ike.
3. Nhọrọ ọzọ na-adịghị emerụ ahụ
Dị ka ihe sitere n'okike, nke na-adịghị egbu egbu, na nke na-adịghị emerụ ahụ maka nsị botulinum, SNAP-8 enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla nke nsị botulinum injectable. Ọ bụ ezie na botulinum toxin nwere ụfọdụ mmetụta na mgbochi wrinkle, usoro ịgba ọgwụ ya nwere ike ịkpata mmeghachi omume ọjọọ dị ka mgbu, ọzịza, na ọnya, ma chọọ ọrụ nke dọkịta ọkachamara. N'ụzọ dị iche, SNAP-8 dị nchebe ma dịkwa mma ma enwere ike iji ya dịka ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ kwa ụbọchị. Ọdịdị ya na-enye nhọrọ ọhụrụ maka ndị na-azụ ahịa bụ ndị na-eche banyere ngwaahịa ịchọ mma injectable.
4. Na-achịkwa ntọhapụ neurotransmitter
N'ihi myirịta dị n'etiti SNAP-8 na SNAP-25, ọ nwere uru ngwa ngwa na nyocha neurobiological [1] . Na ọrịa neurodegenerative, ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitter nke ukwuu nwere ike ibute mmebi akwara. SNAP-8 nwere ike ibelata mmebi a site na ịhazi ntọhapụ neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitters na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwasa ozi na usoro ụjọ ahụ, na ntọhapụ na-adịghị mma nke neurotransmitters nwere ike ịkpalite ọrịa dị iche iche nke ụjọ. Usoro a nke SNAP-8 na-enye echiche ọhụrụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa neurodegenerative. Site n'ịhazi ntọhapụ nke ndị na-ahụ maka ndị na-ahụ maka ụbụrụ, a na-atụ anya na SNAP-8 ga-ebelata mmebi nke neuronal ma belata ọganihu nke ọrịa ahụ.
5. Na-emetụta neuroinflammation
SNAP-8 nwere ike ịhazi nzuzo nzuzo nke cytokines pro-inflammatory na sel ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe site na-emetụta njikọ nke vesicles synaptic, si otú a na-enwe mmetụta na nzaghachi mkpali [1] . Neuroinflammation na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na omume na mmepe nke ọrịa dị iche iche nke usoro ụjọ ahụ. Usoro a nke SNAP-8 na-enye ụzọ ọhụrụ iji chịkwaa neuroinflammation. Site na imetụta njikọ nke synapti vesicles, SNAP-8 nwere ike ịhazi nzuzo nke cytokines pro-inflammatory na sel ndị na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ, si otú a na-ebelata nzaghachi mkpali na ichebe neurons.
N'ikpeazụ, SNAP-8 nwere mmetụta dịgasị iche iche yana nnukwu uru. Na nlekọta anụ ahụ, ọ nwere ike ibelata mkpụkọ anụ ahụ, kwalite mmepụta collagen, ma nyere akpụkpọ ahụ aka iguzogide wrinkles wee guzosie ike; na nyocha neurobiological, ọ nwere ike ịhazi ntọhapụ neurotransmitter ma na-emetụta neuroinflammation.
Banyere Onye dere ya
Ihe niile a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ Cocer Peptides na-enyocha, dezie ma chịkọta ya.
Onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị
Ejikọtara Lemos M na otu dị iche iche na ngalaba isiokwu. N'ihe gbasara otu, ejikọtara ha na Cesumar Inst Sci Technol & Innovat, Cesumar Univ, Univ Cesumar, Cesumar Inst Sci, UniCesumar - Centro Universitario Cesumar, Universidade de Lisboa, North Lisbon Hosp Ctr, Ctr Hosp Univ Lisboa Norte, CentroPEE Hospital na Univers Lisboa Norte, Hospitallọ Ọgwụ Lisbon de Lisboa, Lisbon de Lisboa, Centroboacident na Univers, Lisbonde Hospital na Universide. Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Maringa. Banyere edemede isiokwu, Lemos M na-etinye aka na Psychiatry, Physiology, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Oncology, and Respiratory System. Edepụtara Lemos M n'akwụkwọ ntụaka [1].
