By Cocer Peptides 
1 ọnwa gara aga
Edemede na ozi ngwaahịa niile enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka mgbasa ozi na ebumnuche mmụta.
Ngwaahịa ndị enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka nyocha in vitro. A na-eme nyocha in vitro (Latin: * na iko *, nke pụtara na ihe eji enyo) na mpụga ahụ mmadụ. Ngwaahịa ndị a abụghị ọgwụ, ndị US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) akwadoghị ya, ha agaghịkwa eji ya gbochie, gwọọ, ma ọ bụ gwọọ ọnọdụ ahụike ọ bụla, ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọrịa. Iwu amachibidoro nke ọma iwebata ngwaahịa ndị a n'ime ahụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ n'ụdị ọ bụla.
N'ihe gbasara ịma mma na nlekọta anụ ahụ, ọgwụgwọ mgbochi wrinkle bụ isiokwu nwere mmasị dị ukwuu. Snap-8 na botulinum toxin bụ ihe abụọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-egbochi wrinkle, nke ọ bụla nwere usoro omume pụrụ iche na njirimara ngwa.
1. Usoro nke Action
Usoro nke Snap-8: Snap-8 bụ peptide a kapịrị ọnụ nke usoro ọrụ ya metụtara nguzobe nke mgbagwoju SNARE. Site na ntinye aka na nhazi nke mgbagwoju SNARE, Snap-8 na-ebelata ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitters, si otú ahụ na-egbochi mkpụkọ anụ ahụ ma nweta mmetụta nke ibelata wrinkles. N'ọkwa cellular, mgbe a na-ebufe akara akwara na mkpụrụ ndụ akwara, ha na-ebute usoro nzaghachi physiological, na mgbakọ nkịtị nke mgbagwoju SNARE bụ nzọụkwụ dị mkpa na ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitter. Ọnụnọ nke Snap-8 na-egbochi nhazi nkịtị nke mgbagwoju SNARE, na-eduga na enweghị ike nke neurotransmitters ka a tọhapụrụ n'ime oghere synapti. N'ihi ya, mkpụrụ ndụ akwara anaghị enweta akara mgbagha, na-ebelata ugboro ugboro na ike nke mgbagwoju anya. Iji ogologo oge mee ihe nwere ike jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ belata omimi nke wrinkles.
Usoro omume nke toxin botulinum: Botulinum toxin nke Clostridium botulinum mepụtara bụ neurotoxin. Ọ na-eme nke ọma na nkwụsị neuromuscular site na ikpochapụ protein ndị metụtara ntọhapụ neurotransmitter, dị ka SNAP-25, si otú a na-egbochi mwepụta nke neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Acetylcholine bụ isi neurotransmitter nke na-ebunye akara akwara na akwara ma na-ebute mkpụkọ akwara. Mgbe a na-egbochi ntọhapụ acetylcholine, mọzụlụ enweghị ike ịnata mgbaama mgbagha, na-eduga n'ịtụ ahụ ike. N'anụ ahụ nke ọdịdị ihu, botulinum toxin na-ebelata mkpụkọ akwara n'oge ọdịdị ihu, si otú ahụ na-ebelata wrinkles na-etolite site na mkpụkọ akwara ugboro ugboro, dị ka ụkwụ crow na ahịrị glabellar.
2. Ngwa
Ngwa na ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ - Snap-8: Snap-8 na-ejikarị na ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ dị iche iche, dị ka ude na serums. Uru ya dị n'ịbụ ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịhịa aka n'ahụ nke dabara adaba maka ọtụtụ ụdị akpụkpọ ahụ. Site n'itinye ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ nwere Snap-8 mgbe niile site n'iji ya eme ihe kwa ụbọchị, a ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ kwalite wrinkles akpụkpọ ahụ. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ dị n'ụdị ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ, ọ dị mma iji ma ọ chọghị ka ndị ọrụ ahụike ọkachamara na-elekọta, na-ebelata ihe mgbochi iji.
Ngwa na ngwaahịa mma na akpụkpọ ahụ - Botulinum Toxin: Botulinum toxin bụ nke a na-etinye n'ubi mara mma site na ntụtụ. Usoro a na-ebuga ngwa ngwa na-arụ ọrụ na anụ ahụ akwara kpọmkwem, na-elekwasị anya n'ihe gbasara wrinkle. A na-ejikarị ya agwọ wrinkles dị omimi na nke siri ike, dị ka ahịrị ọkpọiso na ụkwụ crow. Agbanyeghị, ịgba ọgwụ Botox chọrọ ndị ọrụ ahụike ọkachamara ka ha nye ha, yana ihe siri ike maka usoro onunu ogwu, saịtị ịgba ọgwụ na akwa. Mgbe ị na-eme mbelata ihu ihu, ndị dọkịta ga-agbakọ ma jikwaa usoro ọgwụgwọ Botox nke ọma dabere na ọnọdụ wrinkle nke onye ọrịa na nkesa ahụ ike ihu iji nweta mmetụta mgbochi mgbochi kachasị mma ma na-ezere mmetụta ọjọọ dị ka isi ike ihu.
Ngwa na ngalaba ahụike - Snap-8: Ugbu a, enwere obere nyocha na ntinye nke Snap-8 na ngalaba ahụike. Otú ọ dị, dabere na usoro omume ya, ọ nwere ike ịba uru dị ka ọgwụgwọ mgbakwunye maka ụfọdụ ọnọdụ dị nro ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaàmà metụtara oke mkpụkọ akwara. Maka ahụ erughị ala ihu dị nro ma ọ bụ spasms muscle nke esemokwu akwara kpatara, usoro isiokwu nwere Snap-8 nwere ike inye ụfọdụ enyemaka.
Ngwa ahụike - Botulinum Toxin: Botulinum toxin nwere ngwa zuru ebe niile na ngalaba ahụike. Na mgbakwunye na mbelata nhịhịa ịchọ mma, a na-eji ya agwọ ọrịa dị iche iche metụtara akwara. Na akwara ozi, a na-eji ya agwọ dystonia, gụnyere cranial dystonia, cervical dystonia, na dystonia aka aka. Mgbe a na-etinye nsị botulinum n'ime akwara nke dystonia na-emetụta, ọ na-emepụta ahụ mkpọnwụ mpaghara, nke a na-achịkwa, na-ebelata oke ahụ ike ma na-emeziwanye mgbaàmà. Na otolaryngology, botulinum toxin nwere ike iji gwọọ ọnọdụ ndị dị ka Lucia Frey syndrome, salivary fistula, oke salivation syndrome, laryngeal dystonia, ụda olu olu, ụda olu granuloma, synkinesis mgbe ihu nfụkasị akwara ihu, dysphagia, na refractory rhinitis. Na mgbakwunye, na ophthalmology, enwere ike iji ya gwọọ ụfọdụ nsogbu akwara anya, dị ka blepharospasm.
Isi mmalite
[1] Wee SY, Park E S. Immunogenicity nke toxin botulinum[J]. Archives nke Plastic Surgery-Aps, 2022,49(1):12-18.DOI:10.5999/aps.2021.00766.
[2] Dołomisiewicz D, Lipiec M, Mielniczek K, et al. Botulinum toxin - nyocha nke ngwa na otorhinolaryngology[J].Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny, 2022. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254297988
