Los ntawm Cocer Peptides 
1 month ago
Tag nrho cov kab lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam muab rau ntawm lub vev xaib no tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm thiab cov hom phiaj kev kawm.
Cov khoom muab rau hauv lub vev xaib no yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro. Kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro (Latin: * hauv iav *, lub ntsiab lus hauv iav) yog ua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov khoom no tsis yog tshuaj, tsis tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los tiv thaiv, kho, lossis kho txhua yam mob, kab mob, lossis mob. Nws raug txwv nruj raws li txoj cai los qhia cov khoom no rau hauv tib neeg lossis tsiaj lub cev hauv txhua daim ntawv.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Melanotan-2
Melanotan-2 (MT-2) yog ib qho hluavtaws cyclic heptapeptide thiab ib qho analog ntawm α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors. MT-2 feem ntau siv nws cov teebmeem los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). MC1R yog dav qhia nyob rau saum npoo ntawm melanocytes. Raws li kev khi rau cov receptor no, MT-2 pib ua ntau txoj hauv kev hauv lub cev hauv lub cev, thaum kawg txhawb melanin synthesis thiab kev faib tawm, yog li ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Daim duab 1 Cov qauv ntawm melanotan II.
Kev siv ntawm Melanotan-2 hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Tanning
(1) Tanning Mechanism
Kev txhawb nqa ntawm melanin synthesis: Tom qab MT-2 khi rau MC1R, nws qhib adenylate cyclase, txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm adenosine triphosphate (ATP) rau cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) hauv lub cell. cAMP ua raws li tus xa xov thib ob los ua kom muaj protein ntau kinase A (PKA), uas nyob rau hauv lem phosphorylates qhov me me qhov muag-hais txog qhov tseem ceeb (MITF). MITF yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm melanin synthesis, txhawb kev qhia ntawm melanin synthesis enzymes xws li tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), thiab tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2), yog li ua kom melanin synthesis.
Kev faib tawm thiab thauj cov xim granules: Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhawb nqa melanin synthesis, MT-2 kuj cuam tshuam rau kev faib thiab thauj cov xim granules hauv melanocytes. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias MT-2 tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov haujlwm ntawm cytoskeletal-related proteins, txhawb kev txav ntawm melanosomes (organelles uas muaj melanin) los ntawm thaj tsam nruab nrab ntawm melanocytes mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub cell, thaum kawg hloov melanin mus rau keratinocytes, yog li darkening tag nrho cov tawv nqaij xim.
(2) Kev sib piv nrog cov txheej txheem tanning
Cov kev txwv ntawm cov txheej txheem tanning ib txwm: Cov txheej txheem tanning ib txwm muaj feem ntau suav nrog hnub raug thiab siv lub txaj tanning. Txawm li cas los xij, ntev raug rau ultraviolet (UV) hluav taws xob - txawm tias los ntawm ntuj tshav ntuj los yog UV emissions los ntawm tanning txaj - muaj teeb meem loj. UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau tshav ntuj kub hnyiab thiab liab, thiab kev raug mob mus ntev ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thaum ua kom tawv nqaij laus, ua rau wrinkles thiab sagging.
Qhov zoo ntawm Melanotan-2 Tanning: Hauv qhov sib piv, cov txheej txheem tanning tshwm sim los ntawm MT-2 tsis tso siab rau UV raug, theoretically txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm UV cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, MT-2 tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim ntawm cov tawv nqaij hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, thiab cov nyhuv tanning no kuj zoo ib yam, zam cov teeb meem ntawm cov tawv nqaij tsis sib xws los ntawm kev siv lub hnub tsis raug lossis siv lub txaj tanning.
(3) Daim ntawv thov piv txwv ntawm MT-2 Tanning
Fitness thiab Bodybuilding: MT-2 yog siv dav hauv kev qoj ib ce thiab kev tsim lub cev. Cov tib neeg no feem ntau nrhiav tanning los qhia txog cov leeg nqaij txhais, ua rau lawv lub cev muaj zog ntau dua nyob rau theem los yog thaum lub sij hawm ua qauv qhia. MT-2 ua rau lawv ua tiav qhov xav tau ntawm cov tawv nqaij bronze sai sai yam tsis muaj kev cia siab rau lub hnub ntev los yog siv lub txaj tanning ntau zaus, yog li txhim kho lawv cov tsos.
Txhua hnub Tanning Enthusiasts: Qee cov tib neeg nrhiav lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj tanned kuj qhia kev txaus siab rau MT-2. Rau cov neeg uas xav noj qab nyob zoo, bronze-toned daim tawv nqaij tab sis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog cov tawv nqaij puas tsuaj los ntawm ib txwm tanning txoj kev, MT-2 muaj lwm txoj kev xaiv. Lawv tuaj yeem ua cov txheej txheem tanning hauv tsev siv cov txheej txheem thov tsim nyog, uas yooj yim heev.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Melanotan-2 hauv kev tiv thaiv tawv nqaij
(1) Photoprotective Mechanism
Melanin's photoprotective effect: Lub melanin synthesized los ntawm MT-2 absorbs ultraviolet (UV) zog, hloov nws mus rau hauv tsis muaj teeb meem thermal zog thiab dissipating nws, yog li txo ncaj qha kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij cell DNA tshwm sim los ntawm UV hluav taws xob. Melanin ua raws li lub ntuj tiv thaiv lub kaus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, zoo nqus thiab tawg ntawm UV hluav taws xob ua ntej nws mus txog cov tawv nqaij sib sib zog nqus, yog li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm UV-induced noob hloov thiab cellular puas.
Txhim khu kev ua haujlwm antioxidant: MT-2 tsis tsuas yog txhawb nqa melanin synthesis tab sis kuj txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm antioxidant enzymes hauv daim tawv nqaij, xws li superoxide dismutase (SOD) thiab glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Cov enzymes antioxidant no tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob oxygen reactive (ROS) tsim los ntawm UV irradiation, xws li superoxide anions thiab hydroxyl radicals, tiv thaiv ROS los ntawm kev ua rau oxidative puas rau lipids, proteins, thiab DNA hauv cov hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yog li tswj cov cellular physiological functions.
(2) Tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij
Hauv qee qhov kev sim tsiaj, cov tsiaj sim tau raug kho nrog MT-2 ua ntej raug UV hluav taws xob. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov ntsuas kub ntawm tshav kub hauv MT-2-kho pab pawg tau txo qis, nrog rau cov cheeb tsam ntawm erythema thiab inflammatory cell infiltration. Tsis tas li ntawd, theem ntawm DNA puas cov cim xws li 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) hauv cov tawv nqaij hlwb raug txo, qhia tias MT-2 muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv UV-induced DNA puas.
Kev sim hauv vitro cell kuj tau lees paub qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm MT-2. Cultured melanocytes los yog keratinocytes tau pretreated nrog MT-2 thiab ces raug rau ib puag ncig UV. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias cell ciaj sia taus nce, apoptosis tus nqi txo, thiab antioxidant enzyme kev ua nyob rau hauv lub hlwb txhim kho, nrog rau kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv oxidative kev nyuaj siab ntsuas. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias MT-2 tuaj yeem txhim kho daim tawv nqaij tiv thaiv UV kev puas tsuaj ntawm qib cellular.
(3) Application Scenarios
Rau cov tib neeg nquag koom nrog kev ua si sab nraum zoov, xws li ncaws pob thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov, lub hnub raug tshav ntev ua rau lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm UV puas. Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv tawv nqaij ntawm MT-2 tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau lawv. Los ntawm kev siv MT-2 ua ke nrog kev tiv thaiv lub hnub qub xws li siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab hnav lub kaus mom lub hnub, kev tiv thaiv tawv nqaij tiv thaiv UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tshav kub, tanning, thiab kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij cuam tshuam nrog UV raug mus ntev. Qee cov neeg, vim muaj cov caj ces, keeb kwm ntawm kev raug UV ntev ntev, lossis qee yam ntawm daim tawv nqaij, muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau mob qog noj ntshav. Cov teebmeem photoprotective thiab antioxidant ntawm MT-2 tuaj yeem pab txo lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob qog noj ntshav.
Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no
Tam sim no, muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm MT-2, suav nrog nws cov qauv kev sib txuas nrog MC1R receptor, ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm intracellular signaling txoj hauv kev, thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm melanin synthesis thiab kev faib tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov ntsiab lus tseem yuav tau tshawb nrhiav ntxiv, xws li cov teebmeem ntev ntawm MT-2 ntawm cov metabolism hauv melanocyte thiab nws cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg uas muaj ntau hom tawv nqaij.
Xaus
Melanotan-2 plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb tanning thiab tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij. Los ntawm kev saib xyuas kom zoo nkauj, nws muab cov tib neeg nrhiav kev noj qab haus huv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib txoj kev tanning uas tsis tso siab rau UV raug, yog li zam kev tshav ntuj thiab kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij cuam tshuam nrog cov tsoos sunbathing thiab tanning txaj, thiab ua tau raws li ob qhov kev xav tau rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv tanning. Hais txog kev tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, MT-2 tsim kev tiv thaiv UV rays los ntawm kev txhawb nqa melanin synthesis thiab txhawb kev muaj peev xwm antioxidant, muab cov kev xaiv tshiab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov.
Qhov chaw
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[2] Wekwejt P, Wojda U, Kiryk A. Melanotan-II thim rov qab nco tsis taus vim yog kev noj haus HF luv luv [J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2023,165:115129.DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115129.
[3] Gilhooley E, Daly S, McKenna D. Melanotan II Cov Neeg Siv Kev Paub: Kev Kawm Zoo ntawm Cov Rooj Sib Tham Hauv Online [J]. Dermatology, 2021,237(6):995-999.DOI:10.1159/000514492.
[4] Gao L, Yu Z, Meng D, et al. Analogue ntawm Melanotan II (MTII): Ib Novel Melanotropin nrog Superpotent Action ntawm Qav tawv nqaij [J]. Protein and Peptide Letters, 2015,22(8):762-766.DOI:10.2174/0929866522666 15062210194 4.
[5] Ryakhovsky VV, Khachiyan GA, Kosovova NF, et al. Thawj theem kev npaj tshuaj synthesis ntawm melanotan II [J]. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2008, 4:39.DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.4.39.
Cov khoom muaj rau kev tshawb fawb siv nkaus xwb:
