Research Ubushakashatsi bwa HGH
Ni ubuhe bushakashatsi bwakozwe na HGH?
Kwitegereza imanza zikabije z'umubiri byatangiye hagati mu kinyejana cya 19. Mu 1944, Li na Evans batandukanije imisemburo ikura (GH) na glande ya pitoito, nubwo ingaruka zayo kuri karubone, lipide, na protein metabolism zasobanuwe gusa icyo gihe. Mu mpera za 1950, Knobil na bagenzi be bagaragaje ubwoko bwihariye bwa GH, basanga GH yonyine ari yo yonyine yagize akamaro muri primates. Mu 1963, umuhanga mu Busuwisi Fork Handle, mu gihe yavuraga abarwayi bakuweho glande ya pitoito, yavumbuye ko kuzuza HGH byagaruye ibipimo nk’ibipimo fatizo bya metabolike ku rwego rusanzwe, bishyiraho urufatiro rw’ubushakashatsi bwo kurwanya gusaza HGH. Nyuma yo gukwirakwiza neza imisemburo ikura ya gene, imisemburo ikura ya recombinant (rhGH) yagaragaye mu myaka ya za 1980.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukora kuri HGH?
Guteza imbere Gukura no Gutezimbere
Ingaruka ku magufa: HGH itera ibikorwa bya osteoblast, itera gukura kw'amagufwa maremare. Mugihe cyubwana nubwangavu, ingirabuzimafatizo muri plaque epiphyseal (plaque zo gukura) zumva cyane HGH. Muguhuza imisemburo ikura, HGH ikora urukurikirane rwinzira zerekana ibimenyetso. Ibi biteza imbere gukwirakwizwa no gutandukanya chondrocytes, byongera synthesis hamwe no gushira matrike ya karitsiye, bityo bigafasha kurambura amagufwa. Mugihe cyicyiciro gisanzwe cyo gukura, urwego rwa HGH ruhagije mubana rutuma uburebure bwiyongera [1].
Ingaruka ku mitsi: HGH iteza intungamubiri za poroteyine kandi ikongera imitsi. Itera aside amine gufata ingirangingo z'imitsi, byihutisha inzira ya aside amine yinjira mu ngirabuzimafatizo kugira ngo itange ibikoresho bihagije bya sintezamubiri ya poroteyine. Icyarimwe, HGH ibuza kugabanuka kwa poroteyine yimitsi, kugabanya gutakaza imitsi ya poroteyine bityo bikomeza imitsi n'imbaraga [1].
Amabwiriza ya Metabolic
Glucose Metabolism Amabwiriza: Ingaruka za HGH kuri glucose metabolism ziragoye. Irashobora kugabanya gufata periferique no gufata glucose, bikazamura glucose yamaraso muburyo busa na antagonism ya insuline. Ibi bibaho kubera ko HGH ibuza insuline zimwe na zimwe zerekana inzira, bigabanya insuline ya selile. Ku rundi ruhande, HGH iteza umwijima glycogenolysis na gluconeogenez, kongera umusaruro wa glucose [2].
Amabwiriza agenga ibinure: HGH iteza lipolysis. Ikora lipase yunvikana na hormone muri adipocytes, hydrolyzing ibinure muri glycerol na aside irike isohoka mumaraso kugirango ingufu. HGH kandi igabanya umubare nubunini bwingirangingo zamavuta, bikagabanya ibinure byumubiri-cyane cyane ibinure byumubiri mubice nko munda. Ubu buryo butuma HGH ikora neza mugucunga ibiro no kunoza syndrome de metabolike. Ubushakashatsi bwa Slater bwerekana ko inyongera ya HGH ishobora gufasha abarwayi bafite umubyibuho ukabije no kugabanya ibinure mu mubiri [1].
Amabwiriza ya Protein Metabolism: HGH iteza intungamubiri za poroteyine. Kurenga ingaruka zayo kuri poroteyine z'imitsi, itera intungamubiri za poroteyine mu zindi ngingo n'ingingo nk'umwijima n'impyiko. Ibi bikomeza imiterere n'imikorere isanzwe yumubiri ningingo, bifasha gukura no gusana. Mugihe cyibikorwa byo gukira ibikomere no gukira nyuma yibikorwa, uruhare rwa HGH mugutezimbere intungamubiri za poroteyine ni ingenzi cyane, kwihutisha gusana no kuvugurura ingirangingo zangiritse [1].
Gutandukanya Akagari no Kuvugurura: HGH igira uruhare runini mu gutandukanya selile no kuvuka bushya. Itera itandukanyirizo ryubwoko butandukanye bwingirabuzimafatizo, nko kuyobora amagufwa ya marrow stem selile selile hematopoietic selile itandukanya amaraso asanzwe. Mugihe cyo gusana ingirangingo, HGH itera kwiyongera kwingirabuzimafatizo no kuvuka ahakomeretse, byihuta gukira ibikomere. Nyuma yo gukomeretsa uruhu, HGH ituma ikwirakwizwa rya selile epidermal na fibroblast, byorohereza guhuza ibice bigize matrice idasanzwe nka kolagen kugirango byihute gufunga no kugabanya inkovu [1].
Uburyo bwibikorwa kurwego rwa molekuline: Uhereye ku binyabuzima bya molekuline, guhuza HGH no kwakira imisemburo ikura ya hormone (GHR) ku buso bwayo butangiza ibikorwa byayo. Uku guhambira gutera GHR dimerisation, nayo igakora reseptor ifitanye isano na tyrosine kinase (JAK2). JAK2 fosifora isigaje tirozine nyinshi kuri GHR, itanga imbuga zihuza ibimenyetso byerekana molekile zirimo domeni SH2. Ibi bikora caskade yinzira yerekana inzira, harimo inzira ya JAK-STAT, inzira ya PI3K-AKT, n'inzira ya MAPK. Izi nzira zigenga uburyo butandukanye bwibinyabuzima nko gukwirakwiza selile, gutandukanya, na metabolism, amaherezo bigahuza imikorere itandukanye ya physiologiya ya HGH [2].
Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa muri HGH?
Porogaramu mu magufa na Cartilage
Gutezimbere Amagufwa: rHGH igira uruhare runini muguhindura amagufwa. Amagufwa ni ingirangingo zigenda zihindagurika, kandi rHGH igira uruhare kandi igatwara iki gikorwa, ifasha kugumana imiterere isanzwe yamagufwa n'imikorere [1].
Gutandukanya Cartilage Itandukaniro no Kuvugurura: rHGH ntabwo ikora kumagufwa gusa ahubwo inagira ingaruka zikomeye kubitandukanya no kuvuka. Mugihe cyo gukura no kwiteza imbere, gutandukanya karitsiye isanzwe no kuvugurura ni ngombwa kugirango imikurire ikure. rHGH iteza ikwirakwizwa rya chondrocytes no gutandukanya chondrocytes, bityo bikagira uruhare mu mikurire yamagufwa no gukura [1].
Porogaramu mu Gukura no Gutezimbere
Umuti wo gukura kwa Hormone Kubana bato: Kubana bafite uburebure buke kubera kubura imisemburo ikura, imiti yo gusimbuza rHGH nubuvuzi bwingenzi. Kwiyongera hamwe na rHGH idasanzwe iteza imbere gukura, gufasha abana kugera kurwego rusanzwe. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwa Gasco bubitangaza, gukoresha neza RHGH mu kuvura abana bafite imisemburo ikura byongera cyane uburebure bwabo kandi bikongera uburebure bwa nyuma [3].
Gutezimbere imikurire mubana bafite Idiopathic Uburebure Bugufi: Idiopathic igihagararo kigufi bivuga ikibazo cyo gukura aho uburebure burenze gutandukana bisanzwe 2 munsi yikigereranyo cyimyaka, igitsina, nubwoko, nta ndwara zishingiyeho. Ubuvuzi bwa rHGH bushobora kongera umuvuduko mukura muri aba bana, bigatuma uburebure bwabo bwegera urwego rusanzwe.
Gushyira mu bikorwa Umubiri hamwe na Metabolism
Kunoza imiterere yumubiri: Mu kuvura imisemburo ikuze ikuze, rHGH igira ingaruka nziza kumubiri. Yongera imitsi, igabanya ibinure, kandi izamura umuvuduko wa metabolike. Abakuze bafite imisemburo ikura bitewe n'indwara cyangwa izindi mpamvu akenshi usanga bafite imbaraga zo kongera imitsi, kugabanuka kwamavuta yumubiri, no kunoza isura yumubiri hamwe nimikorere nyuma yubuvuzi bwa rHGH [3].
Kugenga imikorere ya Metabolic: rHGH igira uruhare mukugenzura karubone, lipide, na protein metabolism mumubiri wumuntu. Itera intungamubiri za poroteyine, ifasha mu gukomeza imirimo isanzwe ya physiologique no gusana ingirangingo. Igenga kandi metabolisme ya lipide iteza imbere lipolysis no kugabanya ububiko bwamavuta. Kubijyanye na metabolisme ya karubone, mugihe rHGH ishobora kugira uruhare runini kurwego rwamaraso glucose, iyo ikoreshejwe neza, ifasha kugumya glucose ituje kandi ikerekana imikorere yibibazo bimwe na bimwe byihariye.
Ibishobora gukoreshwa mubuzima bwumutima
Ingaruka ziterwa ningaruka z'umutima-damura: Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ubuvuzi bwa rHGH bushobora kunoza ibintu bimwe na bimwe byangiza umutima. Irashobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa lipide, kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara aterosklerose; irashobora kandi kugira ingaruka nziza mumikorere ya endoteliyale yimitsi, ikomeza vasodilasiyo isanzwe no kwikuramo [3].
Umwanzuro
Nka misemburo ikomeye yumuntu, HGH igira uruhare runini mugukura, gutera imbere, no kugenzura metabolike. Itera gukura kw'amagufwa no guhuza imitsi, igenga glucose, lipide, na protein metabolism, kandi igira uruhare mu kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri no gusana ingirangingo.
Ibyerekeye Umwanditsi
Ibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru byose byakorewe ubushakashatsi, byahinduwe kandi byakozwe na Cocer Peptides.
Umwanditsi w'ikinyamakuru
Valentina Gasco ni umushakashatsi mu ishami rya Endocrinology, Diyabete na Metabolism, ishami ry'ubuvuzi, kaminuza ya Turin, mu Butaliyani. Yakoze ubushakashatsi mu mavuriro no mu busobanuro muri endocrinology, yibanda ku ndwara ya pitoito, kubura imisemburo ikura y'abakuze (GHD), n'indwara ziterwa na metabolike. Yasohoye byinshi ku ngingo nko gucunga GHD ikuze, kuvura imisemburo ikura ku barwayi bafite ibibyimba bya pitoito, na hypopituitarism nyuma y’ihungabana, itanga ubumenyi bw’ingirakamaro ku bikorwa by’ubuvuzi no guteza imbere umurongo ngenderwaho, kandi ifite umwanya uzwi mu muryango mpuzamahanga w’ubumenyi. Valentina Gasco yanditse kurutonde rwerekana [3].
