Los ntawm Cocer Peptides 
14 hnub dhau los
Tag nrho cov kab lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam muab rau ntawm lub vev xaib no tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm thiab cov hom phiaj kev kawm.
Cov khoom muab rau hauv lub vev xaib no yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro. Kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro (Latin: * hauv iav *, lub ntsiab lus hauv iav) yog ua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov khoom no tsis yog tshuaj, tsis tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los tiv thaiv, kho, lossis kho txhua yam mob, kab mob, lossis mob. Nws raug txwv nruj raws li txoj cai los qhia cov khoom no rau hauv tib neeg lossis tsiaj lub cev hauv txhua daim ntawv.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
GHK-Cu yog ib qho nyuaj tsim los ntawm tripeptide thiab divalent tooj liab ions. GHK-Cu muaj nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntshav, qaub ncaug, thiab zis, nrog rau nws cov concentration maj mam txo nrog lub hnub nyoog. Hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov neeg noj qab haus huv, cov ntshav siab ntawm GHK-Cu yog qhov siab, tab sis thaum muaj hnub nyoog nce, qhov concentration tuaj yeem txo mus rau ib feem ntawm nws thawj theem. Qhov kev hloov pauv no muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej txheem kev laus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg xws li tawv nqaij, thiab GHK-Cu plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv thiab kho.
Daim duab 1 Nanoformulated phytochemicals hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij los tiv thaiv kev laus: kev tshuaj xyuas mini tshiab.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm molecular, tripeptide feem ntawm GHK-Cu nthuav tawm biocompatibility zoo heev thiab muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau ntawm tes, ua rau nws thauj cov tooj liab ions rau hauv cov hlwb kom ua rau nws cov teebmeem. Copper ions, raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic thiab yog cov khoom ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam enzymes lom. Hauv GHK-Cu complex, kev khi ntawm tooj liab ions nrog tripeptide tsis tsuas yog ua kom ruaj khov rau nws cov qauv, tab sis kuj ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov hlwb kom siv thiab siv, yog li siv nws cov teebmeem hauv kev tswj cov cellular physiological functions.
Cellular-theem teebmeem ntawm GHK-Cu hauv kev kho daim tawv nqaij
Txhawb nqa Fibroblast Function
Fibroblasts yog thawj hom cell lub luag hauj lwm rau kev tsim cov extracellular matrix (ECM) nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, uas muaj xws li cov khoom xws li collagen, elastin, thiab glycosaminoglycans, tag nrho cov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj cov tawv nqaij cov qauv thiab elasticity. GHK-Cu tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm fibroblasts, ua kom muaj ntau cov fibroblasts koom nrog hauv txheej txheem kho daim tawv nqaij. GHK-Cu tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev qhia ntawm cov noob ntsig txog collagen synthesis, xws li cov encoding hom I thiab hom III collagen, yog li nce collagen synthesis thiab secretion. Collagen yog cov protein ntau tshaj plaws hauv daim tawv nqaij, thiab nws cov qib nce ntxiv pab txhim kho cov tawv nqaij tawv thiab elasticity, txhawb kev kho thiab rov tsim kho cov tawv nqaij puas. GHK-Cu kuj txhawb nqa fibroblast synthesis ntawm elastin, uas confers elasticity rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ua kom nws rov qab mus rau nws qub xeev tom qab ncab. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho kom rov zoo li qub physiological muaj nuj nqi thiab cov tsos ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kev tswj hwm tus cwj pwm keratinocyte
Keratinocytes yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov cellular ntawm cov epidermis thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov txheej txheem kho. GHK-Cu txhawb nqa keratinocyte proliferation, accelerating epidermal regeneration. Tom qab raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, keratinocytes yuav tsum tau proliferate sai sai thiab tsiv mus nyob rau hauv lub qhov txhab los tsim ib tug tshiab epidermal txheej. GHK-Cu txhawb nqa keratinocyte tsiv teb tsaws los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub cev, xws li mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) txoj kev taw qhia. Qhov no ua rau keratinocytes npog lub qhov txhab ntawm qhov txhab sai dua, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob, thiab muab qhov chaw ruaj khov rau kev kho daim tawv nqaij tom ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, GHK-Cu tswj qhov sib txawv ntawm keratinocytes, ua rau lawv tsim cov stratum corneum ib txwm muaj thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Inducing angiogenesis hauv cov hlwb endothelial
Angiogenesis yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kho daim tawv nqaij, vim nws muab cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas thaum tshem cov metabolic pov tseg, yog li txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev sib txawv. GHK-Cu tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov hlwb endothelial, ua rau lawv tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab. GHK-Cu tuaj yeem txhim kho kev qhia ntawm vascular endothelial kev loj hlob zoo (VEGF), qhov tseem ceeb angiogenic yam, uas txhawb nqa endothelial cell proliferation, migration, thiab lumen tsim. GHK-Cu kuj tswj cov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlwb endothelial thiab extracellular matrix, txhawb vascular stability thiab maturation. Kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsis yog tsuas yog pab kho qhov txhab xwb tab sis kuj muab cov khoom noj txaus rau cov tawv nqaij, txhawb nqa tag nrho cov tawv nqaij kho thiab rov tsim dua tshiab.
Daim duab 2 Resetting the Skin Genome Back to Health Naturally with GHK
Molecular Mechanisms ntawm GHK-Cu hauv Kev Kho Daim tawv nqaij
Anti-inflammatory teebmeem
Kev raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij feem ntau ua rau cov lus teb inflammatory, uas pab tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Txawm li cas los xij, kev mob ntau dhau tuaj yeem ncua kev kho qhov txhab. GHK-Cu muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tswj kev qhia ntawm inflammatory cytokines. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias GHK-Cu tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev tsim cov cytokines pro-inflammatory xws li qog necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) thiab interleukin-6 (IL-6), thaum txhawb kev tso tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cytokines xws li hloov pauv kev loj hlob factor-β (TGF-β) thiab inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Los ntawm txoj cai tswjfwm no, GHK-Cu tuaj yeem txo cov lus teb inflammatory thiab tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo rau kev kho qhov txhab. Nyob rau hauv cov nas tag nrho-thickness ntawm daim tawv nqaij tus neeg kho tshuab kev raug mob qauv, kev kho mob nrog GHK-Cu soluble microneedle thaj ua rau thaj ua rau muaj kev txo qis hauv kev qhia ntawm TNF-α thiab IL-6 nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, thaum qhia txog TGF-β thiab iNOS nce, qhia tias GHK-Cu zoo inhibits inflammatory teb thiab txhawb lub qhov txhab.
Antioxidant cuam tshuam
Oxidative stress plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov txheej txheem kev laus. Ntau hom kab mob reactive oxygen (ROS) tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob hauv cov cellular xws li DNA, cov proteins, thiab lipids, yog li ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. GHK-Cu muaj peev xwm antioxidant, uas nws ua tiav los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev los cuam tshuam ROS. GHK-Cu tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev qhia ntawm intracellular antioxidant enzymes, uas catalyze decomposition ntawm ROS, yog li txo lawv cov kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, GHK-Cu tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog ROS kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam lawv cov haujlwm. Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro tau pom tias GHK-Cu zoo inhibits kev tsim cov ROS hauv keratinocytes vim yog ultraviolet B (UVB) hluav taws xob, tiv thaiv cov hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj oxidative. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho daim tawv nqaij thiab tiv thaiv kev yees duab.
Kev tswj ntawm cellular signaling pathways
GHK-Cu tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm tes thiab kev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes. PI3K-Akt qhia txoj hauv kev ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cellular proliferation, ciaj sia taus, thiab metabolism. GHK-Cu tuaj yeem qhib PI3K-Akt teeb liab txoj hauv kev, txhawb nqa cellular proliferation thiab ciaj sia taus. Nyob rau hauv tib neeg daim tawv nqaij fibroblasts, GHK-Cu kev kho mob ho nce qib phosphorylation ntawm Akt, yog li upregulating cov kev qhia ntawm noob muaj feem xyuam rau cov cell proliferation. GHK-Cu kuj tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kev taw qhia txoj hauv kev, suav nrog cov xov tooj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tswj hwm kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), thiab p38 MAPK, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev taw qhia no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm tes xws li kev loj hlob, kev sib txawv, kev tsiv teb tsaws, thiab apoptosis. GHK-Cu txhawb nqa cov tawv nqaij kho thiab rov tsim dua tshiab los ntawm kev tswj hwm lawv cov haujlwm.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm GHK-Cu hauv Kev Lag Luam Zoo Nkauj thiab Kev Kho Hniav
Anti-Wrinkle thiab tawv nqaij Firming
Raws li peb muaj hnub nyoog, collagen thiab elastic fibers hauv daim tawv nqaij maj mam txo, ua rau wrinkles thiab sagging. GHK-Cu txhawb cov synthesis ntawm collagen thiab elastic fibers los ntawm fibroblasts, ua kom tawv nqaij elasticity thiab firmness thaum txo wrinkles. Kev siv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij ntev ntev uas muaj GHK-Cu ua rau cov tawv nqaij elasticity zoo dua, nrog rau qhov pom ntawm qhov tob tob thiab tus lej. Hauv kev tshawb fawb nrog 50 tus poj niam tuaj yeem pab dawb hnub nyoog 40-60, tom qab siv cov tshuaj nplaum uas muaj GHK-Cu rau 8 lub lis piam, cov kev ntsuam xyuas tawv nqaij elasticity qhia qhov nruab nrab nce ntawm 20% ntawm daim tawv nqaij elasticity. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij wrinkle software kev soj ntsuam tau pom qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txo qis hauv qhov tob thiab qhov chaw. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias GHK-Cu muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev txo qis wrinkles thiab firming ntawm daim tawv nqaij, zoo txhim kho cov tsos ntawm cov tawv nqaij laus.
Txhim kho daim tawv nqaij thiab kev ntxhib los mos
GHK-Cu kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tswj cov tawv nqaij pigmentation thiab txhim kho daim tawv nqaij zoo nkauj. Nws muaj peev xwm inhibit tyrosinase kev ua, txo melanin synthesis, li no alleviating tsaus me ntsis thiab dullness, thiab ua rau cov tawv nqaij tone ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, GHK-Cu txhawb nqa cov synthesis thiab remodeling ntawm extracellular matrix, txhim kho daim tawv nqaij zoo nkauj thiab ua kom nws smoother thiab muag heev. Hauv qee qhov kev zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom tu tawv nqaij uas muaj GHK-Cu, cov neeg siv khoom tau tshaj tawm tias tom qab siv cov khoom siv rau lub sijhawm, lawv cov tawv nqaij ua kom ci dua thiab kev ntxhib los mos zoo dua qub, ntxiv kev lees paub ntawm daim ntawv thov tus nqi ntawm GHK-Cu hauv kev zoo nkauj thiab tawv nqaij.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm GHK-Cu hauv kev kho daim tawv nqaij
Kev kho mob
Hauv cov txheej txheem kho mob ntawm kev raug mob hnyav, xws li kev txiav thiab abrasions, GHK-Cu plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws accelerates cov txheej txheem hemostasis, txo lub sij hawm los ntshav. Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm fibroblasts, keratinocytes, thiab endothelial hlwb, nws ua kom lub qhov txhab kaw thiab kho cov ntaub so ntswg. Hauv kev sim tsiaj, tom qab siv GHK-Cu formulations rau qhov chaw qhov txhab, qhov txhab kho qhov txhab nrawm nrawm, thiab cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij tom qab kho tau zoo ib yam li daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov caws pliav txo qis. Qhov no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau GHK-Cu tsis yog tsuas yog txhawb nqa cell proliferation thiab migration tab sis kuj tswj cov synthesis thiab remodeling ntawm extracellular matrix, uas ua rau ntau txiav txim thiab mature tshiab tsim cov ntaub so ntswg.
Hlawv Kho
Kev kub hnyiab yog ib qho mob hnyav ntawm daim tawv nqaij feem ntau nrog rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntau necrosis thiab inflammatory teb. GHK-Cu plays ntau lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kho hlawv. Ua ntej, nws cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem txo cov lus teb tom qab kub hnyiab, txo cov ntaub so ntswg edema, thiab txo qhov mob. Qhov thib ob, GHK-Cu txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw nyob ib puag ncig qhov txhab hlawv, ua kom cov txheej txheem epithelialization thiab txo lub sijhawm kho qhov txhab. GHK-Cu kuj txhawb nqa angiogenesis, muab cov khoom noj txaus rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas thiab ua kom yooj yim kho thiab rov tsim cov qhov txhab hlawv. Hauv cov qauv tsiaj hlawv, siv cov hnav khaub ncaws uas muaj GHK-Cu ua rau lub qhov txhab zoo thiab txo cov caws pliav.
Kho qhov txhab mob
Cov qhov txhab mob ntev, xws li mob ntshav qab zib rwj thiab mob siab, yog qhov nyuaj rau kev kho mob vim lawv txoj kev kho kom zoo thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam. GHK-Cu kuj tau pom tias muaj peev xwm kho qhov txhab mob. Nws tuaj yeem tswj hwm microenvironment hauv zos ntawm cov qhov txhab mob ntev, txo cov lus teb inflammatory, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws, thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm matrix metabolism. Nyob rau hauv tus qauv mob ntshav qab zib rwj, GHK-Cu tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kev qhia ntawm cov noob ntsig txog angiogenesis thiab cell proliferation, txhawb kev kho mob. GHK-Cu kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ib puag ncig cov qhov txhab mob, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab tsim kom muaj kev zoo siab rau kev kho mob.
Xaus
Raws li cov molecule nrog ntau yam kev ua ub no, GHK-Cu plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho daim tawv nqaij. Los ntawm nws cov kev tswj xyuas cov teebmeem ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov txheej txheem hauv kev kho qhov txhab, ntau daim ntawv thov, rau nws cov kev siv hauv kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab chaw kho mob, nws ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Qhov chaw
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[4] Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. Resetting Skin Genome Back to Health Naturally with GHK, 2015[C]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:87425466
Cov khoom muaj rau kev tshawb fawb siv nkaus xwb:
