Cocer Peptides ye ŋlɔe 
ŋkeke 14 enye sia
NYATAKAKAWO KPLE NUSIWO WOTSƆ ƑE NYATAKAKA SIWO KAtã WOÐO LE NYATAKAKADZRAÐOƑE SIA ME LA KPLE NYATAKAKAWO kaka KPLEE NUFIAFIA ƑE TAÐOÐOWO KO.
Wotrɔ asi le atike siwo wona le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu na numekuku le vitro ɖeɖeko. Wowɔa numekuku le vitro (Latingbe me: *le ahuhɔ̃e me*, si gɔmee nye le ahuhɔ̃e me) le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã godo. Atike siawo menye atikewo o, United States ƒe Nuɖuɖu Kple Atike Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (FDA) meda asi ɖe wo dzi o, eye mele be woazã wo atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe atikewɔwɔ, dɔléle, alo dɔléle aɖeke nu, adae, alo adae o. Se de se vevie be woatsɔ atike siawo ade amegbetɔ alo lãwo ƒe ŋutilã me le mɔ ɖesiaɖe nu.
Gɔmeɖose Gbãtɔ
GHK-Cu nye nusi wotsɔ tripeptide kple divalent copper ions wɔ. GHK-Cu le amegbetɔ ƒe ʋu, aɖuɖɔ, kple aɖuɖɔ me, eye eƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna vivivi ne ame tsi. Le sɔhɛ siwo le lãmesẽ me gome la, GHK-Cu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋumenugbagbeviɣi me sɔ gbɔ vie, gake ne ƒexɔxɔ le dzidzim ɖe edzi la, agbɔsɔsɔ sia ate ŋu aɖiɖi va ɖo eƒe agbɔsɔsɔ gbãtɔ ƒe akpa sue aɖe. Tɔtrɔ sia si le lãmekawo ƒe susu me do ƒome kple lãmenugbagbeviwo abe ŋutigbalẽ ene ƒe tsitsi, eye GHK-Cu wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe lãmesẽ kple wo dzadzraɖo me léle ɖe asi me.
Figure 1 Nanoformulated phytochemicals le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe tsitsi ŋuti numekuku me: numetoto sue si wowɔ yeyee.
Le molecule ƒe nukpɔsusu nu la, GHK-Cu ƒe tripeptide ƒe akpaa ɖea biocompatibility kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gege ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo me ƒe ŋutete nyui aɖe fiana, si wɔnɛ be wòte ŋu tsɔa akɔbli ions yia lãmenugbagbeviwo me be wòawɔ eƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo. Akɔbli ions, abe nu vevi vevi aɖe ene, wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le enzyme ƒe dɔwɔwɔ geɖe me eye wonye nugbagbeviwo ƒe enzyme vovovowo ƒe dɔwɔƒe siwo wɔa dɔ ƒe akpa aɖewo. Le GHK-Cu ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa me la, menye ɖeko akɔbli ions ƒe kadodo kple tripeptide la nana eƒe wɔwɔme li ke ko o, ke enaa wònɔa bɔbɔe na lãmenugbagbeviwo be woaxɔ wo ahazã wo, si wɔnɛ be wowɔa eƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo dzi kpɔkpɔ me.
GHK-Cu ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ɖoɖo nu le ŋutigbalẽ dzadzraɖo me
Fibroblast ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ Dodo Ðe Ŋgɔ
Fibroblasts ye nye lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi vevitɔ si ƒe dɔe nye be woawɔ extracellular matrix (ECM) le ŋutigbalẽa me, si me akpa aɖewo abe collagen, elastin, kple glycosaminoglycans ene le, eye esiawo katã le vevie ŋutɔ be ŋutigbalẽa ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe tete ɖe edzi. GHK-Cu ate ŋu ana fibroblast nadzi ɖe edzi, si ana fibroblast geɖe nakpɔ gome le ŋutigbalẽa dzadzraɖo me. GHK-Cu ate ŋu adzi domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo do ƒome kple kolagen ƒe wɔwɔme, abe esiwo ŋlɔa kolagen ƒomevi I kple III ene, ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖe dzi, si ana kolagen ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe dodo nadzi ɖe edzi. Collagen ye nye protein si bɔ wu le ŋutigbalẽa me, eye eƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzi ɖe edzi kpena ɖe ŋutigbalẽa ŋu wòte ŋu nɔa te ɖe nɔnɔme sesẽwo nu eye wòte ŋu nɔa te ɖe nɔnɔme sesẽwo nu, si wɔnɛ be ŋutigbalẽa ƒe lãkusi siwo gblẽ la ɖɔɖɔɖo kple wo gbugbɔgawɔ ɖe ŋgɔ. GHK-Cu hã doa ŋusẽ fibroblast ƒe elastin ƒe wɔwɔme, si naa ŋutigbalẽa te ŋu trɔna, si wɔnɛ be wòte ŋu trɔna yia eƒe nɔnɔme gbãtɔ me le eƒe keke megbe. Esia le vevie ŋutɔ na ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple ŋutigbalẽa ƒe dzedzeme gbugbɔgaɖoanyi.
Keratinocyte ƒe nuwɔna dzi kpɔkpɔ
Keratinocytes nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe akpa vevitɔwo le ŋutigbalẽa me eye wowɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple edzadzraɖo me. GHK-Cu doa keratinocyte ƒe dzidziɖedzi ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be lãkusi ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ kabakaba. Le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe abixɔxɔ megbe la, ele be keratinocytes nadzi ɖe edzi kabakaba eye woaʋu ayi abixɔƒea be woawɔ ŋutigbalẽa ƒe akpa yeye aɖe. GHK-Cu doa keratinocyte ƒe ʋuʋu ɖe ŋgɔ to lãmenugbagbeviwo me dzesimɔwo abe mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) dzesimɔ ene, ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Esia wɔnɛ be keratinocytes te ŋu tsyɔa abi la ƒe go dzi kabakaba, eɖea dɔlékuiwo xɔxɔ ƒe afɔkua dzi kpɔtɔna, eye wonaa nɔnɔme si li ke hena ŋutigbalẽa ɖɔɖɔɖo emegbe. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, GHK-Cu ɖɔa keratinocytes ƒe vovototodedeameme ɖo, si wɔnɛ be wote ŋu wɔa stratum corneum le mɔ si sɔ nu eye wògagbugbɔa ŋutigbalẽa ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖoa anyi.
Ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ le lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãkusi me me
Angiogenesis nye afɔɖeɖe vevi aɖe le ŋutigbalẽa dzadzraɖo me, elabena enaa oxygen kple nunyiame lãmenugbagbevi siwo gblẽ esime wòɖea lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbeɖuɖɔwo ɖa, si wɔnɛ be lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme doa ŋgɔ. GHK-Cu ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãkusi me nadzi ɖe edzi ahaʋu, si ana woawɔ ʋuka yeyewo. GHK-Cu ate ŋu adzi ʋukawo me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ƒe nuwɔna (VEGF), si nye ʋukawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nu vevi aɖe, si doa ŋusẽ lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi, ʋuʋu, kple lumen wɔwɔ ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖe dzi. GHK-Cu hã ɖɔa kadodo si le lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo me kple lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki dome, si doa ʋukawo ƒe liƒo kple tsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ. Menye ɖeko ʋuka yeyewo ƒe wɔwɔ kpena ɖe abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ ŋu ko o, ke enaa nunyiame si sɔ ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãkusiwo hã, si doa ŋutigbalẽ bliboa ɖɔɖɔɖo kple eƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ.
Figure 2 Ŋutilã ƒe Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya Gbugbɔgaɖoa Lãmesẽ Me le Dzɔdzɔme nu kple GHK
GHK-Cu ƒe molecule ƒe mɔnuwo le ŋutigbalẽ dzadzraɖo me
Dɔlélenutsitsi ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi
Zi geɖe la, ŋutigbalẽ ƒe abixɔxɔ hea dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo vɛ, si kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòɖea dɔlékuiwo kple lãkusi siwo gblẽ la ɖa. Gake dɔdzẽ si gbɔ eme ate ŋu ahe abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ ɖe megbe. GHK-Cu ƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo le esi, eye wòɖɔa dɔdzẽ ƒe cytokines ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖo. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be GHK-Cu ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dɔlékuiwutike siwo doa ŋusẽ dɔléle abe tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) kple interleukin-6 (IL-6) ƒe wɔwɔ nu, esime wòdoa dɔlékuiwutike siwo tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu abe transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) kple inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) ƒe dodo ɖe ŋgɔ. To ɖoɖowɔwɔ ƒe afɔɖeɖe sia me la, GHK-Cu ate ŋu aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòana nuto sue nyui aɖe nanɔ anyi na abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ. Le rat full-thickness skin mechanical excision injury model me la, atikewɔwɔ kple GHK-Cu soluble microneedle patches na TNF-α kple IL-6 ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ le lãkusia me, esime TGF-β kple iNOS ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi ɖe edzi, si ɖee fia be GHK-Cu xea mɔ na dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo nyuie eye wòdoa abi ƒe hayahaya ɖe ŋgɔ.
Antioxidant ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi
Oxidative stress wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe abixɔxɔ kple tsitsi ƒe ɖoɖowo me. Oxygen ƒomevi siwo wɔa dɔ fũ akpa (ROS) ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo me nugbagbeviwo abe DNA, protein, kple ami ene ŋu, si ana lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nagblẽ. GHK-Cu si antioxidant ŋutetewo, si wòkpɔna to mɔ geɖe dzi be wòaɖe ROS ɖa. GHK-Cu ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbeviwo me antioxidant enzymes ƒe ɖeɖefia nadzi ɖe edzi, siwo naa ROS ƒe gbegblẽ, si wɔnɛ be woƒe nugbegblẽ le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, GHK-Cu ate ŋu awɔ nu kple ROS tẽ be wòaɖe woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖa. Numekuku siwo wowɔ le vitro ɖee fia be GHK-Cu xea mɔ na ROS ƒe wɔwɔ le keratinocytes siwo ultraviolet B (UVB) keklẽŋusẽ hena vɛ me nyuie, si kpɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo ta tso oxidative damage me. Esia le vevie ŋutɔ na ŋutigbalẽ dzadzraɖo kple mɔxexe ɖe foto ƒe tsitsi nu.
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔwo dzi kpɔkpɔ
GHK-Cu ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe nuwɔna kple dɔwɔwɔ dzi to lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔ geɖewo dzi kpɔkpɔ me. PI3K-Akt ƒe dzesimɔ wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi, agbetsitsi, kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. GHK-Cu ate ŋu ana PI3K-Akt ƒe dzesimɔa nawɔ dɔ, si ado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple agbetsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ. Le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutigbalẽ ƒe fibroblasts me la, GHK-Cu zazã dzia Akt ƒe phosphorylation ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ɖe edzi ŋutɔ, si wɔnɛ be domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo do ƒome kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi ƒe ɖeɖefia dzina ɖe edzi. GHK-Cu ate ŋu aɖɔ mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ƒe dzesimɔ hã ɖo, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), kple p38 MAPK, kpakple bubuawo. Dzesimɔ siawo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ abe dzidziɖedzi, vovototodedeameme, ʋuʋu, kple apoptosis ene me. GHK-Cu doa ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo kple wo gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ to woƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ me.
GHK-Cu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le Atsyɔ̃ɖoɖo kple ŋutigbalẽdzikpɔkpɔ Dɔwɔƒe
Anti-Wrinkle kple Ŋutilã ƒe Sesẽ
Ne míele tsitsim la, collagen kple elastic fibers siwo le ŋutigbalẽa me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna vivivi, si wɔnɛ be ŋutigbalẽa ƒuna eye wònɔa ʋuʋum. GHK-Cu doa collagen kple elastic fibers ƒe wɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ to fibroblasts dzi, si naa ŋutigbalẽ ƒe tete kple sesẽ dzina ɖe edzi esime wòɖea flitete dzi kpɔtɔna. Ŋutilãmenuwo zazã ɣeyiɣi didi si me GHK-Cu le nana ŋutigbalẽ ƒe tete ɖe edzi ŋutɔ, eye wòɖea ɖa ƒe goglome kple xexlẽme dzi kpɔtɔna wòdzena. Le numekuku aɖe si wowɔ le nyɔnu lɔlɔ̃nu faa dɔwɔla 50 siwo xɔ ƒe 40–60 ŋu me la, le krem si me GHK-Cu le zazã kwasiɖa 8 megbe la, ŋutigbalẽ ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe dodokpɔwo ɖee fia be ŋutigbalẽ ƒe ʋuʋu dzi ɖe edzi 20% le mama dedie nu. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ŋkuléle ɖe nu ŋu kple ŋutigbalẽ ƒe flitete me dzodzro ƒe kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo me dzodzro ɖee fia be flitete ƒe goglome kple teƒe si teƒea dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ le mɔ vovovowo nu. Esia ɖee fia be GHK-Cu kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ŋutigbalẽa ƒe ʋuʋudedi dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ kple eƒe sesẽ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me, si wɔnɛ be ŋutigbalẽa ƒe dzedzeme nyona ɖe edzi nyuie.
Ŋutilã ƒe amadede kple eƒe nɔnɔme ƒe nyonyo
GHK-Cu wɔa akpa aɖe hã le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe amadede dzi kpɔkpɔ kple ŋutigbalẽ ƒe nɔnɔme nyonyo me. Ate ŋu axe mɔ na tyrosinase ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, aɖe melanin ƒe wɔwɔme dzi akpɔtɔ, si ana wòaɖe teƒe siwo do viviti kple esiwo me mekɔ o dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòana ŋutigbalẽ ƒe amadede nasɔ pɛpɛpɛ. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, GHK-Cu doa lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe wɔwɔme kple egbugbɔgawɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be ŋutigbalẽ ƒe nɔnɔme nyona ɖe edzi eye wònana wònɔa blɔ eye wònɔa bɔbɔe wu. Le atsyɔ̃ɖomi kple ŋutigbalẽlétike aɖewo siwo me GHK-Cu le me la, nuƒlelawo ka nya ta be le atike la zazã hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, yewoƒe ŋutigbalẽ ƒe amadede klẽna eye eƒe nɔnɔme nyona ɖe edzi ŋutɔ, si gaɖo kpe asixɔxɔ si le GHK-Cu zazã ŋu le atsyɔ̃ɖoɖo kple ŋutigbalẽdzikpɔkpɔ ƒe akpa dzi.
Numekuku le GHK-Cu ŋu le ŋutigbalẽ dzadzraɖo me
Abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ
Le nuveviwɔame sesẽwo abe lãɖeɖe kple lãɖeɖe ene ƒe dɔyɔyɔ me la, GHK-Cu wɔa akpa vevi aɖe. Enaa ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kabakaba, si wɔnɛ be ʋu ƒe dodo dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. To fibroblasts, keratinocytes, kple endothelial cells ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple ʋuʋu dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me la, enaa abi ƒe tutu kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo kabakaba. Le lãwo ƒe dodokpɔwo me la, esi wotsɔ GHK-Cu ƒe atikewo de abi teƒea vɔ la, abi ƒe hayahaya ƒe duƒuƒu dzi ɖe edzi ŋutɔ, eye ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãkusi ƒe wɔwɔme le eƒe dɔyɔyɔ megbe sɔ kple ŋutigbalẽ si sɔ wu, eye abi ƒe wɔwɔme dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ. Woate ŋu agblɔ be esia tso menye ɖeko GHK-Cu doa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple ʋuʋu ɖe ŋgɔ ko o, ke ewɔa ɖoɖo ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe tɔtrɔ yeye hã ŋu, si wɔnɛ be lãmenugbagbevi yeye siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu wu eye wòtsi wu la dona.
Dzobibi Dzadzraɖo
Dzobibi nye ŋutigbalẽ ƒe abi sesẽ ƒomevi aɖe si zi geɖe la, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe kuku geɖe kple dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo kpena ɖe eŋu. GHK-Cu wɔa akpa geɖe le dzobibi dzadzraɖo me. Gbã la, eƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo ate ŋu aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le dzobibi megbe dzi akpɔtɔ, aɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòaɖe vevesese dzi akpɔtɔ. Evelia, GHK-Cu doa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple ʋuʋu ƒo xlã abi si wotɔ dzoe la ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be lãkusia ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kabakaba eye wònaa abi ƒe dɔyɔɣi nɔa kpuie. GHK-Cu doa ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ hã ɖe ŋgɔ, si naa nunyiame si sɔ lãmeka siwo gblẽ eye wònaa abi siwo wofiã la dzadzraɖo kple wo gbugbɔgadzɔ nɔa bɔbɔe. Le lã siwo wotɔ dzoe ƒe kpɔɖeŋuwo me la, atike siwo me GHK-Cu le zazã nana abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ nyona ɖe edzi ŋutɔ eye wòɖea abi ƒe dzɔdzɔ dzi kpɔtɔna.
Abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ atraɖii
Abi siwo nɔa anyi didi, abe suklidɔ ƒe abi kple nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe abi ene, dada sesẽ le woƒe dɔyɔyɔ ƒe ɖoɖo sesẽwo kple alesi woate ŋu awɔ nu vovovowo bɔbɔe ta. GHK-Cu hã ɖe ŋutete si le abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ si nɔa anyi didi me fia. Ate ŋu aɖɔ abi siwo nɔa anyi didi ƒe nuto suesuesue siwo le nutoa me ɖo, aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo dzi akpɔtɔ, ado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple ʋuʋu ɖe ŋgɔ, eye wòana lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matrix ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi. Le suklidɔ ƒe abi ƒe kpɔɖeŋu me la, GHK-Cu ate ŋu adzi domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe ɖeɖefia si ku ɖe ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi ŋu ɖe edzi, si ana abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ ɖe ŋgɔ. GHK-Cu ate ŋu ana ŋutigbalẽ si ƒo xlã abi siwo nɔa anyi didi ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hã nanyo ɖe edzi, si aɖe dɔlékuiwo xɔxɔ ƒe afɔkua dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòana nɔnɔme nyuiwo nanɔ anyi na abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ.
Nyanuwuwuw
Abe molecule si si nugbagbeŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ geɖe le ene la, GHK-Cu wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ŋutigbalẽa dzadzraɖo me. Tso eƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi, mɔnu siwo wòzãna le abidada me, ezazã vovovowo dzi va ɖo eƒe zazã le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe atsyɔ̃ɖoɖo kple atikewɔƒewo dzi la, eɖea ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi siwo ɖea vi fiana.
Dzɔtsoƒewo
[1] Uriostegui-Pena A. G., Torres-Copado A., Ochoa-Sanchez A., kple ame bubuwo. Nanoformulated phytochemicals le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe numekuku si tsi tre ɖe tsitsi ŋu: numetoto sue si wowɔ yeyee[J]. 3 Nu gbagbewo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya, 2025, 15 (1): 31.DOI: 10.1007 / s13205-024-04197-y.
[2] Pickart L, Margolina A. GHK-Cu Peptide ƒe Gbugbɔgawɔ kple Ametakpɔkpɔ ƒe Dɔwɔwɔwo le Domenyiŋusẽfianu Yeyea ƒe Nyatakakawo ƒe Kekeli me[J]. Dukɔwo Dome Nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ si Ku Ðe Molekyul Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya Ŋu, 2018,19 (7).DOI: 10.3390 / ijms19071987.
[3] Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. Ŋutilã ƒe Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya Gbugbɔgaɖoa Lãmesẽ Me le Dzɔdzɔme nu kple GHK[M]//Farage MA, Miller KW, Maibach H I. Ŋutilã ƒe Tsitsi Ŋuti Nusrɔ̃gbalẽ. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017:1549-1566.
[4] Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. Ŋutilã ƒe Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya Gbugbɔgaɖoa Lãmesẽ me le Dzɔdzɔme nu kple GHK, 2015[C]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID: 87425466 ƒe ƒuƒoƒo
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