Peptide Ŋuti Nyatakakawo

Nya 'peptide' dzɔ tso Helagbe me nya 'πέσσειν' (péssein), si gɔmee nye 'be woaɖu nu.' Peptide nye nusi amino acid siwo do ƒome to peptide ƒe kadodowo me wɔ. Peptide kadodowo, siwo nye amide kadodowo, dona tso tsikuɖiɖi ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si le amino acid ɖeka ƒe α-carboxyl ƒuƒoƒo kple bubu ƒe α-amino ƒuƒoƒo dome me. Ne woda peptide siwo me amino acid 2 va ɖo 20 le ɖe hatsotsowo me be oligopeptide, esiwo me amino acid 20 va ɖo 50 le la nye polypeptide, eye zi geɖe la, wodaa amino acid siwo wu 50 siwo ƒe teƒe ƒe wɔwɔme tɔxɛwo le hatsotsowo me be proteinwo. Zi geɖe la, peptidewo ƒe molecule ƒe kpekpeme medea 10 kDa o. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Peptide kadodo nye covalent kadodo si ɖe dzesi le protein moleculewo me, si wowɔ to tsikuɖiɖi ƒe tsinyenye ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me le amino acid ɖeka ƒe α-carboxyl ƒuƒoƒo (α-COOH) kple amino acid si te ɖe eŋu ƒe α-amino ƒuƒoƒo (-NH2) dome. Eƒe atike ƒe nɔnɔme nye amide ƒe kadodo. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Peptide ƒe wɔwɔme fia alesi wowɔa amino acid ƒe ɖoɖowo eye wowɔa amide kadodowo (si nye peptide kadodowo) to atike alo nugbagbeŋutinunya ƒe mɔnuwo dzi, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔ oligopeptide alo polypeptide molecule siwo si nugbagbeŋutinunya ƒe dɔwɔwɔ tɔxɛwo le la wɔwɔ le asinudɔwɔwɔ me koŋ. Abe nugbagbewo ƒe atikewɔwɔ ƒe alɔdze vevi aɖe ene la, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya sia léa ŋku ɖe amino acid monomers ƒe dɔwɔwɔ tiatiatɔe, mɔfiame ƒe ƒoƒo ɖekae, kple ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe wo nɔewo yome dzi kpɔkpɔ pɛpɛpɛ ŋu, eye wòxɔa nu bliboa tso miligram-dzidzenu nudokpɔƒe ƒe dzadzraɖo dzi va ɖo kilogram-dzidzeme dɔwɔƒewo wɔwɔ dzi. Wonɔ te ɖe nuwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu vovovowo dzi dae ɖe hatsotsowo me ɖe nugbagbewo ƒe wɔwɔme mɔnu siwo nɔa te ɖe nugbagbewo ƒe ɖoɖowo kple atikewo wɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu siwo wotu ɖe nugbagbewo ƒe wɔwɔme ƒe gɔmeɖosewo dzi. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Peptide ƒe ʋeʋẽ fia peptide ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ gbɔ wu si ateŋu alɔ ɖe ʋeʋẽ ƒe lolome ɖeka me le dzoxɔxɔ kple pH ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo me, si ƒe dzesi zi geɖe enye agbɔsɔsɔme ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ (g/L) alo molar ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme (mol/L). Abe dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya ƒe nɔnɔme vevi aɖe ene la, ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe peptidewo ƒe xɔxlɔ̃, wo mama, woƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, kple wo ɖeɖe ɖa (ADME) ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo dzi tẽ le agbe me, eye wòfiaa atike siwo wotu ɖe peptide dzi ƒe dzadzraɖo mɔ̃ɖaŋununya, wo dzadzraɖo ƒe liƒo, kple wo zazã nyuie le dɔdaƒe hã. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Amino acid nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si me α-amino ƒuƒoƒo (α-NH2) kple α-carboxyl ƒuƒoƒo (α-COOH) le, eye woƒe nɔnɔme bliboa nye RCH(NH2)COOH. Wotsɔ α-carbon atɔm la do ƒome kple axadzikɔsɔkɔsɔ ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe koŋ (R ƒuƒoƒo), si nye nugbagbewo ƒe molecule gãwo ƒe wɔwɔme ƒe akpa veviwo. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Peptide ŋuti kɔklɔ nye peptide tsakatsaka ƒuƒu siwo wokpɔ to wo wɔwɔ alo wo ɖeɖefia me la mama kple wo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ to dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ, atikewo, alo nugbagbeŋutinunya ƒe mɔnuwo zazã me be woakpɔ peptide siwo woɖo taɖodzinu na siwo le dzadzɛ ŋutɔ. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Peptide ƒe ƒuƒoƒo, le woƒe amino acid ƒe ɖoɖo tɔxɛwo kple teƒe ƒe wɔwɔme ta, ƒe nɔnɔme nye be woƒe nugbagbewo ƒe dɔwɔnawo te ŋu gblẽa nu le gotagome nutome ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo ŋu bɔbɔe ŋutɔ. Susu vevitɔ si ta woadzra peptide ɖoe nye be woaxe mɔ ɖe atikewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ abe woƒe gbegblẽ, oxidation, kple ƒoƒo ƒu nu, si ana woƒe wɔwɔme ƒe blibonyenye kple nugbagbewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanɔ anyi. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe

Numekuku peptidewo nye molecule siwo wowɔ le dɔwɔwɔ nyuie siwo wowɔ le nudokpɔƒewo, siwo ƒe asixɔxɔ vevitɔe nye be woana dɔwɔnu siwo woatsɔ ado alɔ agbeŋutinunya ŋuti numekuku eye woazã wo le numekuku siwo wowɔna le vitro ɖeɖeko me. 'In vitro numekuku,' si woɖe tso Latingbe me nya 'in vitro' (si gɔmee nye 'le glass me'), fia koŋ numekuku siwo wowɔ le dodokpɔ ƒe nɔnɔme siwo dzi wokpɔna kple asi, abe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dekɔnu, molecule ƒe kadodo me dzodzro, alo biochemical reaction assays ene. Xlẽ Nu Geɖe