Testage 20 mg

▎ Testagen Structure

▎ Testagen Research

Kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm ntawm Testagen yog dab tsi?

Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nce qib niaj hnub biotechnology thiab kev tshawb fawb biomedical, kev tshawb fawb ntawm bioactive peptides tau dhau los ua kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm. Raws li cov khoom siv peptide, Testagen tuav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb vim nws muaj peev xwm muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm tes, kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg, txoj hauv kev metabolic, thiab lwm yam physiological thiab biochemical systems. Nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm bioactive peptides, Testagen yog tsim

 ntawm amino acid sequences uas yuav cuam tshuam cov cell-molecule kev sib tshuam. Nws cov qauv yog tsim los ua qauv lossis txhawb cov txheej txheem lom neeg endogenous, yog li nthuav tawm cov peev txheej raws li kev tshawb fawb hauv molecular biology, biochemistry, thiab kev tshawb fawb rov ua dua tshiab.

Daim duab 1. Bioregulation system ntawm ib tug multicellular kab mob. 

Source: MDPI ^[1]

Lub mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Testagen yog dab tsi?

Cell Penetration: Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias tom qab incubating HeLa hlwb nrog fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Testagen, txawv fluorescence tau pom nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm, cell nucleus, thiab nucleolus, qhia tias Testagen muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau tsiaj hlwb thiab lawv cov nuclei. Nws lub peev xwm los hla cov cell membranes thiab nuclear membranes mus rau hauv lub cell sab hauv tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau tej yam thauj proteins ntawm lub cell membrane los yog membrane fluidity. Lub cell membrane tsis yog ib tug kiag li impermeable qauv; nws muaj cov channel thiab kev thauj mus los. Testagen tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov hlwb los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom thauj no los ntawm cov txheej txheem endocytosis zoo li siv cov kua dej ua kua membrane, tso lub hauv paus rau nws cov teebmeem tom qab ^[2].  

Kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb nrog Nucleic Acids: Cov peptides sib txawv ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb pom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov fluorescence ntawm 5,6-carboxyfluorescein-labeled deoxyoligonucleotides thiab DNA-ethidium bromide complexes. Los ntawm kev ntsuas Stern-Volmer qhov tsis tu ncua, nws tau pom tias Testagen, piv rau lwm cov peptides luv luv, ua rau cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov fluorescence quenching nyob rau hauv ib leeg-stranded thiab ob-stranded fluorescently sau npe deoxyoligonucleotides, nyob ntawm seb peptide tus qauv qauv. Qhov no qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Testagen thiab nucleic acid cov qauv. Thaum khi rau nucleic acids, Testagen tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov nucleotide sib txawv thiab txawm paub txog lawv cov xwm txheej cytosine methylation. Piv txwv li, Testagen zoo li nyiam khi rau deoxyoligonucleotides uas muaj CAG sequences. Cov kev khi tshwj xeeb no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam uas tsis yog-covalent xws li hydrogen bonds thiab electrostatic kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov amino acid residues ntawm Testagen molecule thiab cov hauv paus lossis phosphate backbones ntawm nucleic acids. Qhov tshwj xeeb no tso cai rau Testagen kom meej meej rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb nucleic acid, yog li cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem xws li gene qhia ^[2].  

Epigenetic Regulation of Cellular Genetic Functions: Vim nws lub peev xwm los khi rau DNA, Testagen qhov chaw tshwj xeeb kev sib cuam tshuam nrog DNA tuaj yeem tswj cov cellular genetic functions ntawm qib epigenetic. Kev tswj hwm Epigenetic tsis hloov DNA lub hauv paus ib ntus tab sis cuam tshuam cov noob qhia los ntawm kev hloov kho DNA (xws li, methylation) thiab kev hloov kho histone. Testagen tuaj yeem khi rau cov cheeb tsam DNA tshwj xeeb, cuam tshuam rau cov qauv chromatin hauv cov cheeb tsam no lossis nrhiav cov khoom lag luam epigenetic tswj cov protein kom hloov pauv cov kev ua ntawm noob caj noob ces. Cov kev cai ntawm cov noob caj noob ces yuav tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov theem pib ntawm lub neej keeb kwm thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob lom neeg, pab cov kab mob kom tswj hwm cov noob qhia hauv ntau qhov chaw kom hloov mus rau kev hloov pauv thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem hauv lub neej ^[2].  

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Endocrine Function hauv Cov Neeg Mob Tsis Muaj Kab Mob Tsis Muaj Kab Mob: Hauv kev tshawb fawb kho mob, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj kab mob prostatitis (IIIA) tau pom tias tom qab ib hlis ntawm kev saib xyuas kev kho mob nrog cov kev tswj hwm suav nrog Testagen (α1-adrenergic blockers + rectal suppositories uas muaj cov tshuaj tsis-steroidal anti-inflammatory, txo qis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, txo qis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob), tag nrho cov qib testosterone nce. Qhov no qhia tias Testagen tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm endocrine los ntawm qee cov txheej txheem. Lub tswv yim plausible yog tias Testagen cuam tshuam cov kev taw qhia txog kev cuam tshuam nrog testosterone synthesis hauv Leydig hlwb. Testosterone synthesis yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas muaj ntau yam enzymes thiab taw qhia cov khoom siv. Testagen tuaj yeem qhib lossis txwv tsis pub muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev taw qhia los ntawm kev khi rau cov receptors intracellular, yog li txhawb testosterone synthesis, txhim kho tus neeg mob cov xwm txheej endocrine, thiab txo cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis yog kab mob prostatitis ^[3].  

Cov ntawv thov Testagen yog dab tsi?  

Kev kho mob ntev uas tsis yog-Bacterial Prostatitis: Cov kab mob uas tsis yog kab mob prostatitis (IIIA), feem ntau nrog cov tsos mob ntawm cov zis hauv qis, cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov neeg mob lub neej zoo. Testagen ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cov mob zoo li no ^[4] (Niu D, 2023). Cov kev tshawb fawb siv cov kev kho mob kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ua ke nrog α1-adrenergic blockers, qhov quav suppositories nrog cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory, thiab Testagen tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tom qab ib hlis. Urodynamic tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo, qhia txog kev txhim kho micturition muaj nuj nqi thiab pab txo qis cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob urinary obstruction. Meanwhile, intraprostatic o theem txo qis, txo cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov ntshav tag nrho cov qib testosterone nce. Testosterone yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm ib txwm ua haujlwm ntawm tus txiv neej kev ua me nyuam, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev, thiab tag nrho cov metabolism, thiab nws qhov siab pab txhim kho cov kab mob endocrine los ntawm tus kab mob ^[3].  

Cell Penetration thiab Nucleic Acid Interactions: Raws li qhov luv luv bioactive peptide, Testagen nthuav tawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm tes uas tsim lub hauv paus rau nws cov ntawv kho mob ^[2] (Fedoreyeva LI, 2011). Hauv kev sim HeLa cell, qhov tseem ceeb fluorescence tau pom nyob rau hauv cytoplasm, nucleus, thiab nucleolus tom qab incubation nrog fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Testagen, qhia nws lub peev xwm nkag mus rau tsiaj hlwb thiab nuclei. Qhov no tso cai rau Testagen nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb thiab cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv hauv lub cev, ua kom muaj kev tswj hwm hauv cov hlwb.  

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias sib txawv luv luv bioactive peptides muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov fluorescence ntawm 5,6-carboxyfluorescein-labeled deoxyribooligonucleotides thiab DNA-ethidium bromide complexes. Fluorescence quenching qib, tus cwj pwm los ntawm Stern-Volmer qhov tsis tu ncua, sib txawv ntawm cov peptides luv luv xws li Testagen nyob ntawm lawv cov qauv tseem ceeb thaum cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg-stranded thiab ob-stranded fluorescently sau npe deoxyribooligonucleotides, qhia txog kev cuam tshuam nrog nucleic acid cov qauv. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv qhia tau tias Testagen nyiam khi rau deoxyribooligonucleotides uas muaj CAG sequences. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm los khi cov nucleic acid ib ntus qhia tias Testagen tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob caj noob ces ntawm qib epigenetic los ntawm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb DNA kev sib cuam tshuam, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm noob caj noob ces. Qhov no muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov kev tswj hwm ntawm cov noob caj noob ces-piv txwv li, hauv cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob txawv txav. Txawm hais tias cov ntawv thov kev kho mob ncaj qha tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab ntawm cov qib cellular thiab molecular taw qhia rau kev siv kho mob yav tom ntej.  

Xaus  

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, Testagen tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob ntev uas tsis yog kab mob prostatitis, thaum nws cov khoom ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm tes thiab nucleic acid cuam tshuam muaj peev xwm rau kev siv kho mob dav dav. Nrog rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, nws yuav tsum ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho ntau yam kab mob thiab kev kho mob.

Hais Txog Tus Sau

Cov ntaub ntawv hais saum toj no yog txhua yam tshawb fawb, kho thiab sau los ntawm Cocer Peptides.

Scientific Journal Author

Niu, Dun yog ib tug kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob thiab kev tshawb fawb txog lub neej. Koom nrog cov tsev kawm muaj koob npe xws li Army Medical University thiab University of South, nws tsom nws txoj kev tshawb fawb txog Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Immunology, thiab Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. Cov kev qhuab qhia no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nthuav tawm cov txheej txheem kab mob, txhim kho cov tshuaj tshiab, thiab txhim kho tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Tsis tas li ntawd, Niu, Dun ua kev tshawb fawb hauv Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, tshawb nrhiav cov kab mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob plawv. Nws txoj haujlwm muab lub hauv paus tseem ceeb theoretical thiab cov lus qhia ua haujlwm rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob plawv, qhia txog nws cov kev txawj ntse thiab kev cuam tshuam dav hauv kev tshawb fawb kho mob.. Niu, Dun tau teev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv los ntawm citation [4].

▎ Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb

[1] Khavinson VK, Popovich IGE, Linkova NS, et al. Peptide Regulation of Gene Expression: A Systematic Review[J]. Molecules, 2021,26(22},https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/7053

ARTICLE-NUMBER = {7053).DOI:10.3390/molecules26227053.

[2] Fedoreyeva LI, Kireev II, Khavinson V, et al. Kev nkag mus ntawm luv fluorescence-labeled peptides rau hauv cov nucleus hauv HeLa hlwb thiab hauv vitro kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm peptides nrog deoxy ribooligonucleotides thiab DNA [J]. Biochemistry-Moscow, 2011,76(11):1210-1219.DOI:10.1134/S0006297911110022.

[3] Rossikhin V, Hoshchenko Y, Osipov P. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm testosterone synthesis inductor daim ntawv thov 'testagen' hauv androgenic deficiency nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob abacterial prostatitis[J]. Teeb meem ntawm Endocrine Pathology, 2011,36:17-22.DOI:10.21856/j-PEP.2011.2.03.

[4] Niu D, Wu Y, Lian J. Circular RNA txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kho[J]. Kev Hloov Pauv Hloov Pauv thiab Lub Hom Phiaj Kho, 2023,8. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:261662530.

Tag nrho cov kab lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam muab rau ntawm lub vev xaib no tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm thiab cov hom phiaj kev kawm.  

Cov khoom muab rau hauv lub vev xaib no yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro. Kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro (Latin: * hauv iav *, lub ntsiab lus hauv iav) yog ua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov khoom no tsis yog tshuaj, tsis tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los tiv thaiv, kho, lossis kho txhua yam mob, kab mob, lossis mob. Nws raug txwv nruj raws li txoj cai los qhia cov khoom no rau hauv tib neeg lossis tsiaj lub cev hauv txhua daim ntawv.