Site na Cocer Peptides 
ụbọchị 22 gara aga
Edemede na ozi ngwaahịa niile enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka mgbasa ozi na ebumnuche mmụta.
Ngwaahịa ndị enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka nyocha in vitro. A na-eme nyocha in vitro (Latin: * na iko *, nke pụtara na ihe eji enyo) na mpụga ahụ mmadụ. Ngwaahịa ndị a abụghị ọgwụ, ndị US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) akwadoghị ya, ha agaghịkwa eji ya gbochie, gwọọ, ma ọ bụ gwọọ ọnọdụ ahụike ọ bụla, ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọrịa. Iwu amachibidoro nke ọma iwebata ngwaahịa ndị a n'ime ahụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ n'ụdị ọ bụla.
Mmebi nke ọgụgụ isi bụ otu nsogbu nke na-emetụta ọrụ ọgụgụ isi nke ụbụrụ, gụnyere mgbaàmà dị ka mfu ebe nchekwa, ihe isi ike itinye uche, na mbelata ikike iche echiche, nke na-emetụta ụdị ndụ ndị ọrịa nke ukwuu. Neuropeptide Sema, dị ka ihe nwere ọtụtụ mmetụta nchịkwa na usoro ụjọ ahụ, na-enye aka n'ịgwọ ọrịa epilepsy, meziwanye ọrụ ọgụgụ isi, na ibelata nrụgide siri ike.
Ọgụgụ 1 Usoro kemịkalụ nke Sema.
Nkọwa nke Neuropeptide Sema
Sema bụ heptapeptide sịntetị nwere usoro kemịkal Met - Glu - His - Phe - Pro - Gly - Pro. Ọ bụ ihe analọg nke 4-10 iberibe nke adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ma nwee ike ịmekọrịta ya na ndị na-anabata ya kpọmkwem na sistemụ ụjọ nke etiti iji kpalite usoro nke usoro ndu. N'ihi ọrụ ya kpọmkwem na usoro nhụjuanya nke etiti na enweghị ọrụ hormonal, ọ tọrọ ntọala maka ntinye ya na ngalaba nke neuroscience.
Usoro nke Action nke Neuropeptide Sema na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi
Iwu nke Sistemụ Neurotransmitter: Sema nwere ike melite ọrụ ọgụgụ isi site na imetụta ntọhapụ, njikọ, ma ọ bụ metabolism nke neurotransmitters. Ọ nwere ike ịhazi ọkwa nke neurotransmitters dị ka dopamine na acetylcholine. Dopamine na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na usoro ọgụgụ isi dị ka nlebara anya, mmụta, na ebe nchekwa. Sema nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ nke neurons dopaminergic, mụbaa ntọhapụ dopamine, wee si otú ahụ kwalite ikike ụbụrụ ịhazi na itinye ozi. Acetylcholine bụ neurotransmitter nwere njikọ chiri anya na mmụta na ebe nchekwa. Sema nwere ike imeziwanye ọrụ nke sistemu ụjọ cholinergic site na ịhazi njikọ ma ọ bụ ntọhapụ nke acetylcholine, si otú a na-eme ka ọrụ ọgụgụ isi dịkwuo elu.
Ịkwalite neurogenesis: Sema nwere ike ịkpalite mmụba na ọdịiche nke mkpụrụ ndụ sel akwara, na-akwalite ọgbọ nke neurons ọhụrụ. Na mpaghara ụbụrụ dị ka hippocampus, nke jikọtara ya na mmụta na ebe nchekwa, ọgbọ nke neurons ọhụrụ dị oke mkpa maka ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Sema nwere ike ịkwalite neurogenesis na hippocampus site n'ịkwalite ụzọ mgbaàmà kpọmkwem, dị ka ụzọ akara Wnt / β-catenin, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmụba, ọdịiche, na nlanarị nke mkpụrụ ndụ ụbụrụ neural, si otú ahụ na-enye ntọala ntọala maka nkwalite nghọta.
Ọgụgụ 2 Ike nke Sema Peptide Therapy n'ebe Ọkwa MDA na Profaịlụ Protein na Oke Epilepsy (Rattus norvegicus). M bụ akara; A bụ otu A (nchịkwa na-adịghị mma); B bụ otu B (nchịkwa dị mma); na C bụ otu C (ọgwụgwọ peptide semax).
Mmetụta Antioxidant: Nchegbu oxidative na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na ọrịa neurodegenerative na mbelata ọgụgụ isi. Sema nwere akụrụngwa antioxidant, na-enyere ya aka ịwapụ radicals n'efu na ahụ ma belata mmebi oxidative na neurons. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, site n'ịkwalite ọrụ nke enzymes antioxidant dị ka superoxide dismutase (SOD) na glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), na ibelata ọkwa nke ngwaahịa oxidative dị ka malondialdehyde (MDA), ọ na-echebe iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke akpụkpọ anụ neuronal ma na-ejigide ọrụ neuronal nkịtị, si otú ahụ na-enye aka n'ụzọ na-enye aka iji meziwanye nghọta.
Na-achịkwa okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa: Sema nwere ike imetụta ngosipụta nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa metụtara ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Ọ nwere ike kwalite okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke ụfọdụ ihe neurotrophic na ndị na-anabata ha, dị ka ụbụrụ neurotrophic factor (BDNF) na onye na-anabata ya TrkB. BDNF dị oke mkpa maka nlanarị neuronal, ọdịiche, plasticity synapti, na mmụta na usoro ebe nchekwa. Sema na-akwalite ọrụ ọgụgụ isi site n'ịkwalite okwu BDNF, si otú a na-ewusi njikọ neuronal ike na nnyefe mgbaàmà.
Ngwa nke neuropeptide Sema na nkwalite ọgụgụ isi
Ọmụmụ ihe izizi
Nnwale anụmanụ: N'ọtụtụ nnwale anụmanụ, Sema gosipụtara mmetụta na-eme ka ọgụgụ isi dị ịrịba ama. N'ime ule maze mmiri nke Morris, oke ndị a na-emeso Sema nwere ike ịchọta ikpo okwu zoro ezo ngwa ngwa ma tinyekwuo oge na quadrant ezubere n'oge oge ule ebe nchekwa, na-egosi ọganihu mmụta ohere na ikike nchekwa. N'ime ule njirimara ihe ọhụrụ, anụmanụ ndị a na-emeso Sema gosipụtara mmụba dị ukwuu na oge nyocha maka ihe ọhụrụ, na-egosi ebe nchekwa ihe ka mma. Nsonaazụ nnwale ndị a na-egosi na Sema nwere ike ịkwalite mmụta na ikike ncheta anụmanụ nke ọma.
Nnwale cell: N'ọkwa cellular, Sema nwere mmetụta dị mma na ndụ neuronal cell, mmụba, na ọdịiche. Mkpụrụ ndụ neuronal mebere ekpughere na nrụgide oxidative ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-emebi emebi gosipụtara ọnụego ndụ ndụ ka mma nke ukwuu mgbe ejiri Sema gwọọ ya, na-akwalite uto axon neuronal na alaka, yana ịkwalite njikọ neuronal. Nsonaazụ nnwale cellular ndị a na-enye ntọala cellular maka mmetụta mmekwata nke Sema na ọkwa anụmanụ niile.
Ọgụgụ 3 Micrograph nke ngalaba mpaghara eze hippocampal immunohistochemically nwere mgbochi mgbochi megide protein Ki-67: (a) oke KM dị ụbọchị iri na anọ etinyere Sema n'ụbọchị 7–11 mgbe amuchara nwa yana (b) oke KM dị ụbọchị iri na anọ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ, 100µm.
Nnyocha ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ
Mmebi nghọta jikọtara ya na nsogbu akwara ozi: Maka ụfọdụ ọrịa akwara ozi, dị ka ọrịa Alzheimer na ọrịa Parkinson, bụ nke na-esonyere nhụta ọgụgụ isi, Sema nwere uru ọgwụgwọ. N'ime ule ụfọdụ nke obere ụlọ ọgwụ, ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa Alzheimer dị nro na nke na-adịghị ala ala bụ ndị natara ọgwụgwọ Sema ruo oge ụfọdụ gosipụtara ọganihu na ebe nchekwa, nlebara anya, na ọrụ ndị isi, dị ka a na-enyocha site na akpịrịkpa ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọtụtụ usoro ọrụ Sema, nke na-ebelata mmebi nke neuronal, na-akwalite nrụzi akwara na mmeghari ohuru, ma si otú a kwalite ọrụ ọgụgụ isi nke ndị ọrịa.
Nkwalite ọgụgụ isi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nwere ahụike: Na mgbakwunye na ikwu okwu nhụsianya uche na steeti ọrịa, Sema nwekwara ike inwe mmetụta na-eme ka ọgụgụ isi na ndị mmadụ nwere ahụike. Site n'ọganihu nke ndụ ọgbara ọhụrụ yana nrụgide metụtara ọrụ na-abawanye, a na-enwewanye ọchịchọ maka ịkwalite ikike ọgụgụ isi. Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ enyochala mmetụta Sema na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo ahụike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime ọmụmụ ihe metụtara ndị okenye nwere ahụike, nyocha nke ọgụgụ isi e mere mgbe ha nyechara Sema nye ndị sonyere na-ekpughe ọganihu na nlebara anya, ebe nchekwa ọrụ, na nhazi ozi ọsọ. Nke a na-egosi na Sema nwere ike bụrụ ọgwụ 'smart' iji nyere ndị nwere ahụike aka ịkwalite arụmọrụ n'ime ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, dị ka ịkwado maka ule ma ọ bụ ijikwa ọrụ siri ike.
Ọnọdụ dị ugbu a na atụmanya nke nyocha Sema
Ọnọdụ dị ugbu a: Ugbu a, nyocha na Sema enwetala nsonaazụ ụfọdụ. N'ime nchọpụta bụ isi, a ghọtara usoro ya nke ọma; n'ime ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ, a kwadoro mmetụta ya na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma na ụdị anụmanụ; na n'ime ọmụmụ ụlọ ọgwụ, o gosila ikike mmalite n'ịgwọ nsogbu uche.
Mmechi
Na nchịkọta, neuropeptide Sema, dị ka ihe nwere ike inwe mmetụta na-eme ka ụbụrụ dịkwuo mma, egosila na ọ dị irè na nyocha nke isi na ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ.
Isi mmalite
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[2] Hadarceva K, Belyaeva E. SEMAX - AKWỤKWỌ NDỊ MMADỤ (ozi nchịkọta nkenke) [J]. Ọgwụ Clinical na Pharmacology, 2021. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:245468513
[3] Puspita R, Pratamastuti D, Safitri A, et al. Ike nke Sema Peptide Therapy n'ebe Ọkwa MDA na Profaịlụ Protein dị na Rat Epilepsy (Rattus norvegicus), 2018[C]. https://api.semanticcholar.org/CorpusID:90160574
[4] Lebedeva IS, Panikratova YR, Sokolov OY, et al. Mmetụta Sema na Netwọk Mode Default nke Brain[J]. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke ihe omumu ihe omumu na ogwu, 2018,165(5):653-656.DOI:10.1007/s10517-018-4234-3.
[5] Stavchansky VV, Yuzhakov VV, Botsina AY, et al. Mmetụta nke Sema na ya C-end peptide PGP na morphology na proliferative ọrụ nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ ụbụrụ n'oge nnwale ischemia: a pilot ọmụmụ [J]. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Neuroscience Molecular, 2011,45 (2): 177-185.DOI: 10.1007 / s12031-010-9421-2.
[6] Timoshenko TV, Poletaeva II, Pavlova GV, et al. Mmetụta nke injections nwa ọhụrụ nke neuropeptide Sema na mmụba cell na mpaghara hippocampal dentate na oke nke genotypes abụọ [J]. Dokl Biol Sci, 2009,424:78-80.DOI:10.1134/s0012496609010232.
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