Na Cocer Peptides bin rayt am 
22 dez bifo
ƆL DI ATIKUL ƐN PRODƆKT INFƆMƐSHƆN WE DƐN GI NA DIS WƐBSAYT NA FƆ ƆL FƆ DI INFƆMƐSHƆN ƐN FƆ EDYUKESHƆN.
Di prɔdak dɛn we dɛn gi na dis wɛbsayt na fɔ in vitro risach nɔmɔ. in vitro risach (Latin: *in glas*, we min insay glas) dεn de du am ausayd mכtalman bכdi. Dɛn prɔdak ya nɔto mɛrɛsin, dɛn nɔ gɛt di aprɔval frɔm di US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ɛn dɛn nɔ fɔ yuz dɛn fɔ protɛkt, trit, ɔ mɛn ɛni mɛrɛsin, sik, ɔ sik. Di lɔ nɔ gri fɔ mek dɛn put dɛn tin ya insay mɔtalman ɔ animal bɔdi ɛni we.
di kכgnitiv impεryans na wan grup כf dizayd wae de afekt di bren kכgnitiv fכnshכn, inklud di simptom dεm lεk fכ mεmכri, i at fכ kכnsantreshכn, εn dεn nכ de tink bכku, we kin rili impכkt di sikman in kwaliti כf layf. Nyuropεptida Sema, as sכbstans we gεt mכltipכl rεgεdyushכn ifekt dεm pan di nεv sεstem, de εp fכ trit εpilepshכn, impruv di kכgnitiv fכnshכn, εn fכ lεv akyu strεs.
Figure 1 Di kεmikכl strכkchכ fכ Sema.
Ovaviu fɔ Nyuropɛptida Sɛma
Sema na sεntetik hεptapεptida wit di kεmikכl strכkchכ Met - Glu - His - Phe - Pro - Gly - Pro. na analכg fכ di 4-10 fragmεnt fכ adrenocorticotropic homon (ACTH) εn i kin intarakt wit spεsifi k rεsεpכta dεm na di sεntri nεv sεstem fכ εksyεrt siriכs bayolojikal ifekt dεm. biכs fכ in dayrekt akshכn pan di sεntri nεv sεstem εn di lכk fכ כmon aktiviti, i dכn lay di fawndeshכn fכ in aplikεshכn insay di fild fכ nyurosayns.
Mεkanism fכ Akshכn fכ Nyuropεptida Sema pan Kכgnitiv Fכnshכn
rεgulεshכn fכ di Nyurotransmitta sistεm dεm: di sεma kin impruv di kכgnitiv fכnshכn bay we i de infכlכ di rilis, sεntesis, כ mεtabolism fכ nyurotransmitta dεm. i kin rεgεl di lεvεl dεm fכ nyurotransmit dεm lεk dopamin εn asetilkolin. Dopamin de ple imכtant rol insay di kכgnitiv prכsεs dεm lεk atεnshכn, lanin, εn mεmכri. di sema kin mek di dopaminεrjik nyuron dεm wok, inkrεs di dopamin rilis, εn dat kin mek di bren ebul fכ proכses εn intagret infכmeshכn. Asetilkolin na nyurotransmit we gɛt fɔ du wit lanin ɛn mɛmori. di sεma kin impruv di fכnshכn fכ di cholinergic nεv sεstem bay we i de rεgεl di sεntesis כ rilis fכ asetilkolin, we de mek di kכgnitiv fכnshכn bכku.
fכ protεkt nyurojεnεsis: di sεma kin mek di nyural stεm sεl dεm proliferashכn εn difrεns, we de protεkt di jεnereshכn fכ nyu nyuron dεm. insay di bren rijyכn dεm lεk di hipokamp, we kכlכsכl wit lanin εn mεmכri, di jεnereshכn fכ nyu nyuron dεm implεnt fכ mεnten nכmal kכgnitiv fכnshכn. di sema kin promuot nyurojεnεsis insay di hipokamp bay we i de aktibכt spεsifi k signal path dεm, lεk di Wnt/β-catenin signal path, we de ple wan kכl rol fכ di proliferashכn, difrεns, εn sכvayv fכ nyural stεm sεl dεm, we de gi strכkchכral fכundashכn fכ kכgnitiv εnhansmεnt.
Figure 2 Di Pכtεns כf Sema Pεptid Tεrapi tכwεd MDA Lεvεl εn Protεin Profayl in Epilepsy Rat (Rattus norvegicus). M na mak; A na Grup A (nɛgitiv kɔntrol); B na grup B (positiv kɔntrol); εn C na grup C (sεmaks pεptida tεrapi).
di antioksidant ifekt dεm: כksidεtiv strεs de ple imכtant rol insay nyurodijεnεraytiv sik dεm εn di kכgnitiv dεklin. di sema gεt antioksidant prכpati dεm, we de mek i ebul fכ skavenj εksyכs fri radikal dεm na di bכdi εn ridyus כksidεtiv damej to nyuron dεm. fכ egzampl, bay we i de εnhans di aktiviti fכ di antioksidant εnzym dεm lεk supεrכksayd dismutase (SOD) εn glutathione pεrכksidayz (GSH-Px), εn i de ridyus di lεvεl dεm fכ di כksidεtiv prodak dεm lεk malondialdehyde (MDA), i de protεkt di integriti fכ di nyuronal mεmbran dεm εn i de mεnten di nכmal nyuronal fכnshכn, we de kכntribyut indaykt wan fכ impruv di kכgnitiv fכnshכn.
rεgulεt jin εksprεshכn: Sema kin infכlכw di εksprεshכn fכ jin dεm we riliyt to kכgnitiv fכnshכn. i kin upregulate di jin εksprεshכn fכ sכm nyurotrofik fכktכ dεm εn dεn rεsεpכta dεm, lεk bren-dεriv nyurotrofik fכktכ (BDNF) εn in rεsεpכta TrkB. BDNF na imכtant fכ nyuronal sכvayvεns, difrεns, sinaptik plastisiti, εn lanin εn mεmכri prכsεs dεm. di sema de εnhans di kכgnitiv fכnshכn bay we i de protεkt BDNF εksprεshכn, we de mek di nyuronal kכnεkshכn dεm εn signal transmishכn strכng.
Aplikεshכn dεm fכ di nyuropεptida Sema in kכgnitiv εnhansmεnt
Prɛklinik stɔdi dɛn
Animal εkspεriεns: Insay plεnti animal εkspεriεns, Sema sho signifyant kכgnitiv-εnhans ifekt dεm. Insay di Mɔris wata mazi tɛst, rat dɛn we dɛn trit wit Sema bin ebul fɔ fɛn di ayd pletfɔm kwik kwik wan ɛn spɛn mɔ tɛm na di target kwadrant di tɛm we dɛn de du di mɛmori tɛst faz, we sho se dɛn dɔn impɔtant fɔ lan di spatial ɛn mɛmori. Insay di novel ɔbjɛkt rɛkɔgnishɔn tɛst, animal dɛn we dɛn trit wit Sema sho se dɛn gɛt bɔku inkris pan ɛksplɔrɔshɔn tɛm fɔ nyu ɔbjɛkt dɛn, we sho se dɛn dɔn impɔtant ɔbjɛkt rɛkɔgnishɔn mɛmori. dis εkspεriεns rizulεt dεm sho se Sema kin εfεktiv wan εnhans animal dεm lanin εn mεmכri abiliti.
sεl εkspεriεns: na di sεl lεvεl, Sema gεt fayn impak pan nyuronal sεl sכvayvεns, proliferashכn, εn difrεns. di kכlt nyuronal sεl dεm we dεn εkspos to כksidεtiv strεs כ כda damej fכktכ dεm sho sכmtεm improv sεl sכvayv rεt we dεn trit wit Sema, protεkt nyuronal aksכn gכd εn branch, εn εnhans nyuronal kכnekshכn. dis sεlyul εkspεriεns rizulεt de gi sεlyul bεsis fכ Sema in kכgnitiv-εnhans ifekt dεm na di ol-animal lεvεl.
Figure 3 Maykrograf fכ di hippocampal dentate εria sεkshכn dεm we immunohistochemically stεyn wit antibodi dεm εgεst di Ki-67 protin: (a) 14 de ol KM rat we dεn injεkt wit Sema pan de 7–11 afta dεn bכn am εn (b) intakt 14 de ol KM rat. Skel, 100 μm.
Klinik aplikeshɔn ɛksplɔrɔshɔn
di kכgnitiv impεryans we de asai wit nyurolכjik dizכrd: Fכ sכm nyurolכjik dizכrd, lεk Alzaima sik εn Pakinsin sik, we kin kam wit di kכgnitiv impεryans, Sema gεt pכtεnshal tεrapi valyu. Insay sɔm smɔl smɔl klinik trial dɛm, pasɛnt dɛm wae gɛt mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease wae bin gɛt Sema tritmɛnt fɔ sɔm tɛm sho improvement pan mɛmori, atɛnshɔn, ɛn ɛgzibit funkshɔn, as dɛn asɛs bay kognitiv funkshɔn skel. dis kin bi bikoz fכ di mכltipכl mεkanism dεm we Sema de du, we de ridyus di nyuron dεm we de dכn, we de mek nyural ripa εn rigεnεreshכn, εn dat de mek di sikman dεm in kכgnitiv fכnshכn bכku.
Cognitive Enhancement in Healthy Populations: Apat frɔm we i de adrɛs di kɔgnitiv impairment na di sik stet, Sema kin gɛt cognitive-enhancing effects in hεlty populeshɔn dεm bak. Wit di akselerat paz fɔ di mɔdan layf ɛn di strɛs we de bɔku we gɛt fɔ du wit wok, di dimand de gro fɔ ɛp fɔ mek di kɔgnitiv abiliti dɛn go bifo. Sɔm stɔdi dɔn fɛn di ifɛkt dɛm we Sema gɛt pan wɛlbɔdi volontia dɛm. Fɔ ɛgzampul, insay wan stɔdi we involv big pipul dɛn we gɛt wɛlbɔdi, di kɔgnitiv tɛst dɛn we dɛn du afta dɛn gi Sema to di wan dɛn we tek pat sho se di atɛnshɔn, wok mɛmori, ɛn di spid we dɛn de prosɛs infɔmeshɔn dɔn impɔtant. Dis sho se Sema kin bi 'smat drɔg' fɔ ɛp pipul dɛn we gɛt wɛlbɔdi fɔ ɛp fɔ mek dɛn ebul fɔ no mɔ pan sɔm patikyula tin dɛn, lɛk fɔ pripia fɔ ɛgzam ɔ fɔ handle wok we gɛt bɔku bɔku tin dɛn fɔ du.
Kɔrɛnt Status ɛn Prɔspɛkt fɔ Sema Risach
Di Status naw: Naw, risach pan Sema dɔn gɛt sɔm rizɔlt. Insay di bɛsis risach, dɛn dɔn ɔndastand di we aw i de du tin fayn fayn wan; insay prεklinik stכdi dεm, dεn kכnfכm in kכgnitiv-εnhans ifekt dεm na animal mכdel dεm; εn insay klinik stכdi dεm, i dכn sho fכs pכtεnshal fכ trit kכgnitiv dizכrd.
Dɔn
in sכmari, nyuropεptida Sema, as wan sכbstans wit pכtεnshal kכgnitiv-εnhans ifekt dεm, dεn dכn sho se i ebul fכ wok insay כl tu di bεsik risεch εn klinik aplikεshכn dεm.
Sos dɛn we dɛn pul
[1] Glazova NY, Manchenko D. M., Vilensky D. A., ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. Efεkt dεm fכ Sema in di Rat Mכdel dεm fכ Akyu Strεs[J]. J ɔ rnal ov Evolush ɔ n Bayokɛmistri ɛn Fisiɔlɔji, 2023,59(1):200-212.DOI:10.1134/S0022093023010179.
[2] Hadarceva K, Belyaeva E. SEMAX - APLIKESHƆN PROSPƐKT (shɔt ɔvaviu mɛsej)[J]. Klinik Mɛdisin ɛn Famakɔlɔji, 2021. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:245468513
[3] Puspita R, Pratamastuti D, Safitri A, ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. Di Pכtεns כf Sema Pεptid Tεrapi tכwεd MDA Lεvεl εn Protεin Profayl in Epilepsy Rat (Rattus norvegicus), 2018[C]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/KɔpɔsID:90160574. Di wan dɛn we de stɔdi bɔt di Baybul
[4] Lebedeva I. S., Panikratova Y. R., Sokolov O. Y., ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. Efεkt dεm we Sema gεt pan di Difכlt Mכd Nεtwכk fכ di Bren[J]. Bulletin of Ekspirimɛnt Bayoloji ɛn Mɛdisin, 2018,165(5):653-656.DOI:10.1007/s10517-018-4234-3.
[5] Stavchansky V. V., Yuzhakov V. V., Botsina A. Y., ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. di ifekt we Sema εn in C-εnd pεptida PGP gεt pan di mכfכlכji εn proliferativ aktiviti fכ rat bren sεl dεm di tεm we di εkspεriεns ischemia de: wan payכl stכdi[J]. J ɔ rnal ov Mɔlikul Nyurosayns, 2011,45(2):177-185.DOI:10.1007/s12031-010-9421-2.
[6] Timoshenko TV, Poletaeva II, Pavlova G. V., ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. ifekt fכ nyu bכbi injεkshכn dεm fכ di nyuropεptida Sema pan sεl proliferashכn na di hipokamp dεnt εria insay rat dεm we gεt tu jεnotayp[J]. Dokl Biol Sci, 2009,424:78-80.DOI:10.1134/s0012496609010232.
Prodak we de fɔ yuz fɔ risach nɔmɔ:
