MOTS-C 40mg

▎ Tsarin MOTS-C

▎ MOTS-C Binciken

Menene asalin bincike na MOTs-C?

Mitochondria, yana aiki azaman 'gidan wutar lantarki' na sel, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye homeostasis na salula. Hanyoyin sadarwa tsakanin mitochondria da tsakiya sun dade suna mayar da hankali kan binciken kimiyya. Mitochondria yana da kwayar halitta mai zaman kanta. Bayan al'adar kwayoyin halitta 37, binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya bayyana cewa mitochondrial DNA shima yana ɓoye gajerun peptides masu aiki na halitta, ɗayansu shine peptide MOTs-C wanda ya samo asali daga mitochondrial, wanda yanki na mitochondrial 12S rRNA ya ƙulla. Wannan binciken yana faɗaɗa fa'idar ƙwayoyin halittar mitochondrial sosai, yana ba da sabon hangen nesa don haɓaka mahimman hanyoyin rayuwa kamar sadarwar mitochondrial-nukiliya da tsarin rayuwa.

A halin yanzu, jiyya ga cututtuka masu ƙalubale da yawa kamar metabolism da ciwon hanta na B na yau da kullun suna fuskantar matsaloli masu yawa. Babban rawar da MOTs-C ke takawa a cikin ƙa'idodin ƙwayar tsoka na kwarangwal, kamar haɓaka metabolism na glucose, yana ba da shawarar yuwuwar sa wajen magance rikice-rikice na rayuwa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙananan matakan MOTs-C da aka lura a cikin matakai daban-daban na cututtuka sun sa masu bincike suyi bincike game da rawar da ta taka a farkon cututtuka, ci gaba, da jiyya, suna neman sababbin hanyoyin da za su shawo kan waɗannan yanayi maras kyau.

Menene tsarin aiki don MOTs-C?

Sarrafa Hanyoyi masu Alaka da Ciwon sukari

Kunna Tafarkin Siginar AICAR-AMPK: MOTs-C yana kunna hanyar siginar AICAR-AMPK ta hanyar rushe zagayowar folate-methionine na cikin salula. AMPK da aka kunna yana daidaita metabolism na makamashin salula, kamar haɓaka ɗaukar glucose da fatty acid oxidation. A cikin metabolism na glucose, yana haɓaka jujjuyawar mai jigilar glucose GLUT4 zuwa membrane tantanin halitta, ta haka yana haɓaka ƙarfin karɓar glucose ta salula, haɓaka juriya na insulin, da kuma taimakawa cikin rigakafi da magance cututtukan rayuwa kamar nau'in 2 metabolism ^[1]..

Tasiri akan Sauran Hanyoyi: Bayan hanyar AMPK, MOTs-C kuma yana aiki akan hanyar AKT, hanyar damuwa na oxidative, da hanyoyin da ke da alaƙa da kumburi. Game da hanyar AKT, yana iya yin tasiri kan hanyoyin salula kamar haɓaka, haɓakawa, da rayuwa ta hanyar daidaita ayyukan hanyar. A cikin hanyar damuwa na oxidative, MOTs-C yana rage matakan damuwa na ciki na ciki, yana rage yawan samar da nau'in oxygen (ROS), kuma yana kare kwayoyin halitta daga lalacewa. A cikin hanyoyin da ke da alaƙa da kumburi, yana hana sakin masu shiga tsakani kuma yana rage martanin kumburi. Misali, a cikin nau'ikan ciwon kumburin kumburi, MOTs-C yana rage sakin matsakanci mai kumburi a cikin ƙaho na dorsal na kashin baya, ta haka inganta alamun zafi ^[2].

Hoto 1 Babban ayyukan ilimin lissafi na MOTs-C sun haɗa da rage juriya na insulin, hana kiba, haɓaka aikin tsoka, haɓaka metabolism na kashi, haɓaka tsarin rigakafi, da jinkirta tsufa ^[1].

Tsarin Maganar Halitta

Ka'idar Maganar Jigon Nukiliya: Lokacin da sel suka haɗu da damuwa na rayuwa, irin su ƙuntatawar glucose da damuwa na oxidative, MOTs-C yana canzawa zuwa tsakiya don daidaita maganganun kwayoyin halittar nukiliya kai tsaye, ta haka yana haɓaka homeostasis na intracellular. Misali, MOTs-C yana daidaita bayanin kwayoyin halittar da ke da alaƙa da metabolism kamar GLUT4, STAT3, da IL-10, suna tasiri hanyoyin ilimin lissafi gami da metabolism na glucose da tsarin rigakafi. Ƙara GLUT4 magana yana haɓaka ɗaukar glucose na salula; STAT3 yana shiga cikin yaduwar kwayar halitta, bambance-bambance, da tsarin rigakafi; IL-10, cytokine anti-mai kumburi, yana rage martanin kumburi lokacin da aka ɗaga maganarsa ^[1,3].

Haɓaka Ciwon Ciwon Makamashi

Ingantaccen Glycolysis: A cikin nau'o'in cututtuka daban-daban, irin su huhu ischemia-reperfusion rauni (LIRI) samfurin da aka haifar ta hanyar wucewar zuciya (CPB), MOTs-C pretreatment yana haɓaka glycolytic flux a cikin huhu microvascular endothelial cell (PMVECs). Yana rage raunin LIRI ta hanyar maido da makamashin salula homeostasis da rage lipid peroxidation ta hanyar haɓaka maɓallin glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3. Wannan yana nuna cewa MOTs-C yana daidaita hanyar glycolytic don samar da isasshen makamashi don sel a ƙarƙashin damuwa, ta haka yana riƙe da aikin salula na yau da kullun ^[4].

Tasirin Kariya na salula

Rage lalacewa na Mitochondrial: A cikin samfurin pneumonitis na radiation (RP), MOTs-C ya rage yawan raunin huhu na huhu, kumburi, da damuwa na oxidative yayin da yake juyawa alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis da lalacewar mitochondrial. Wannan tsarin ya ƙunshi haɓaka matakan abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da E2 (Nrf2) matakan nukiliya da haɓaka jujjuyawar makaman nukiliya. Nrf2 yana kunna jerin antioxidant da kwayoyin kare-kwayoyin kariya, yana kare aikin mitochondrial. Wannan yana nuna cewa MOTs-C yana kare kyallen jikin da suka lalace ta hanyar adana mitochondria da rage apoptosis ^[5].

Kariyar Wasu Kwayoyin: A cikin binciken akan Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), MOTs-C an gano yana da kaddarorin tsokar tsoka. Yana haɓaka haɓakar glycolytic da ƙarfin samar da makamashi a cikin tsokoki na dystrophic, yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka aikin tsoka. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin nau'o'in ciwo mai kumburi, MOTs-C da ake gudanarwa a tsakiya ko na gefe yana rage jin zafi ta hanyar kawar da amsawar kumburi da kuma hyperexcitability na neuronal, yana ba da sakamako na neuroprotective ^[2,6]..

Menene aikace-aikacen MOTs-C?

Maganin Cututtukan Metabolic:

Inganta juriya na insulin da hana metabolism: MOTs-C yana haɓaka juriya na insulin, wanda ke da mahimmanci don hana nau'in metabolism na nau'in 2. Juriya na insulin shine maɓalli mai mahimmanci a farkon nau'in metabolism na nau'in 2. MOTs-C na iya haɓaka haɓakar insulin ta hanyar kunna hanyar siginar AICAR-AMPK da daidaita zagayowar folate-methionine na intracellular. Bincike na Gao Y yana nuna yana haɓaka ɗaukar glucose na kwarangwal da amfani, daidai da buɗe ƙarin hanyoyin sha glucose a cikin sel, ta haka yana rage matakan glucose na jini ^[1].

Daidaita metabolism na lipid da kuma magance kiba: Game da metabolism na lipid, MOTs-C yana haɓaka thermogenesis mai launin ruwan kasa kuma yana haɓaka launin fata mai launin fata. Kitse mai launin ruwan kasa yana cinye kuzari ta hanyar thermogenesis, yayin da farin mai launin ruwan kasa yana nuna canjin makamashi-ajiye farin kitse zuwa kitsen mai launin ruwan kasa mai kuzari. Wannan tsari yana taimakawa jiki wajen daidaitawa da sanyi kuma, mafi mahimmanci, yana hana kiba da rikice-rikice na lipid metabolism, yana ba da sabbin fahimta don rigakafin kiba da jiyya ^[1].

Rigakafi da Maganin Cututtuka masu alaƙa da tsoka:

Inganta Bambance-bambancen Muscle: Nazarin in vitro ya nuna cewa nau'in nau'in MOTs-C peptide na daji yana haɓaka samuwar myotubular a cikin ɗan adam (LHCN-M2) da linzamin kwamfuta (C2C12) ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin tsoka, yayin da peptide mutant Y8F ba shi da wannan tasirin. Ƙarin karatu ya nuna cewa MOTs-C yana haɓaka myotubulogenesis ta hanyar hulɗa tare da IL-6 / Janus kinase / siginar siginar da mai kunnawa ta hanyar 3 (STAT3), ta haka yana rage ayyukan STAT3 na rubutu ^[7].

Rigakafin ciwon tsoka: Plasma MOTs-C Matakan sun yi daidai da matakan myostatin. MOTs-C yana hana palmitate-induced myotube atrophy a cikin bambance-bambancen sel C2C12 kuma yana rage matakan myostatin na plasma a cikin berayen da ke haifar da abinci. Yana hana atrophy na tsoka ta hanyar haɓaka AKT phosphorylation, hana ayyukan FOXO1-wani nau'in juzu'in rubutu na myostatin da sauran ƙwayoyin tsoka-atrophy - yayin da ke daidaita ayyukan mTORC2 da PTEN da haɓaka ayyukan CK2 don kashe PTEN ^[8].

Tasirin tsufa: Canje-canjen maganganun MOTs-C suna da alaƙa da tsufa, kuma yana nuna abubuwan hana tsufa. Ana samun wannan ta hanyoyi da yawa, ciki har da inganta glucose da metabolism na lipid, haɓaka aikin mitochondrial na salula, da rage kumburi na kullum. Binciken Gao Y et al. yana nuna cewa ingantaccen metabolism yana samar da sel tare da wadataccen makamashi da kwanciyar hankali. Haɓaka aikin mitochondrial yayi daidai da haɓaka masana'antar makamashi ta tantanin halitta, yayin da rage martanin kumburi yana rage lalacewar kumburi ga sel ^[1].

Kammalawa

A matsayin peptide-wanda aka samo daga mitochondrial, MOTs-C yana kunna hanyoyin sigina kamar AMPK don daidaita glucose da metabolism na lipid, inganta canjin mai mai fari zuwa launin ruwan kasa, da haɓaka juriya na insulin da kiba, suna ba da sabbin hanyoyin warkewa don rikicewar rayuwa. Yana haɓaka bambance-bambancen osteoblast, yana hana samuwar osteoclast, daidaita metabolism na kashi, kuma yana tallafawa kula da lafiyar kwarangwal. Yana daidaita bambance-bambancen tsoka kuma yana hana atrophy, yana riƙe da yuwuwar shiga tsakani a cikin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsoka. MOTs-C yana nuna ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarfi da ke da alaƙa da motsa jiki: motsa jiki yana daidaita maganganun sa, kuma yana daidaita fa'idodin kiwon lafiya na motsa jiki. MOTs-C kuma yana taka rawa wajen jinkirta tsufa da matakai masu alaƙa.

Game da Marubuci

Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama duk bincike ne, gyara su kuma Cocer Peptides ne suka haɗa su.

Mawallafin Jaridar Kimiyya

Ning Ran mai bincike ne mai alaƙa da Kwalejin Carlson na Magungunan Dabbobi a Jami'ar Jihar Oregon. Ayyukansa na ilimi ya shafi ilmin kwayoyin halitta da magungunan fassara, tare da mai da hankali kan dabarun warkewa don cututtukan neuromuscular. Ran ya haɗa wallafe-wallafe da yawa a cikin mujallun da aka yi bita na ƙwararru, yana ba da gudummawa ga fahimtar matakan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin nau'ikan cututtuka. Abubuwan bincikensa sun haɗa da haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen peptide-conjugated oligonucleotides, da kuma bincika yuwuwar hanyoyin warkewa na peptides na mitochondrial. An jera Ning Ran a cikin ambaton ambaton [6].

▎ Abubuwan da suka dace

[1] Gao Y, Wei X, Wei P, et al. MOTs-C Aiki Yana Hana Cututtukan Metabolic. Metabolites 2023; 13(1).DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010125.

[2] Wang Z, Yang L, Xu L, Liao J, Lu P, Jiang J. Tsarin tsakiya da na gefe na MOTs-C yana rage yawan jin zafi a cikin samfurin mice na ciwon kumburi. Binciken Neurological 2024; 46 (2): 165-177.DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2258584.

[3] Benayoun BA, Lee C. MOTs-C: A Mitochondrial-Encoded Regulator of the Nucleus. Bioessays 2019; 41 (9): e1900046.DOI: 10.1002/bis.201900046.

[4] Shen Z, Lu P, Jin W, et al. MOTs-C Yana Haɓaka Glycolysis ta Hanyar AMPK-HIF-1α-PFKFB3 zuwa Rauni mai haifar da CPB. Jaridar Amirka na Kwayoyin Huɗa da Kwayoyin Halitta 2025. 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0533OC.

[5] Zhang Y, Huang J, Zhang Y, et al. Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide MOTs-C Yana Sauke Radiation Pneumonitis ta hanyar Nrf2-Dependent Mechanism. Antioxidants 2024; 13. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:269876125.

[6] Ran N, Lin C, Leng L, et al. MOTs-C yana haɓaka ɗaukar phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer da inganci a cikin mice dystrophic. Embo Molecular Medicine 2021; 13(2): e12993.DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012993.

[7] García-Benlloch S, Revert-Ros F, Blesa JR, Alis R. MOTs-C yana inganta bambancin tsoka a cikin vitro. Peptides 2022; 155: 170840.DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170840.

[8] Kumagai H, Coelho AR, Wan J, et al. MOTs-C yana rage myostatin da siginar atrophy na tsoka. Jaridar Amirka na Ilimin Halitta-Endocrinology da Ciwon sukari 2021; 320(4): E680-E690.DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00275.2020.

DUKKANIN LABARI DA BAYANIN KYAUTATAWA DA AKE BAYAR A WANNAN SHAFIN KAWAI DOMIN WATSA BAYANI NE DA MANUFOFIN ILIMI.  

Kayayyakin da aka bayar akan wannan gidan yanar gizon an yi niyya ne kawai don binciken in vitro. Binciken in vitro (Latin: *a cikin gilashi*, ma'ana a cikin gilashin gilashi) ana gudanar da shi a wajen jikin mutum. Waɗannan samfuran ba magunguna ba ne, Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ba ta amince da su ba, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da su don hanawa, magani, ko warkar da duk wani yanayi na likita, cuta, ko cuta. Doka ta haramta shigar da waɗannan samfuran cikin jikin mutum ko dabba ta kowace hanya.