By Cocer Peptides 
Watanni 1 da suka gabata
DUKKANIN LABARI DA BAYANIN KYAUTATAWA DA AKE BAYAR A WANNAN SHAFIN KAWAI DOMIN WATSA BAYANI NE DA MANUFOFIN ILIMI.
Kayayyakin da aka bayar akan wannan gidan yanar gizon an yi niyya ne kawai don binciken in vitro. Binciken in vitro (Latin: *a cikin gilashi*, ma'ana a cikin gilashin gilashi) ana gudanar da shi a wajen jikin mutum. Waɗannan samfuran ba magunguna ba ne, Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ba ta amince da su ba, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da su don hanawa, magani, ko warkar da duk wani yanayi na likita, cuta, ko cuta. Doka ta haramta shigar da waɗannan samfuran cikin jikin mutum ko dabba ta kowace hanya.
A matsayin wani abu mai yuwuwar ayyukan hepatoprotective, Livagen yana aiwatar da tasirin sa na hanta ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da tasiri akan tsarin salon salula da aiki, daidaita tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa mai alaƙa da hanta, da aiki a cikin nau'ikan raunin hanta daban-daban. Sassan masu zuwa zasu ba da cikakken bayani game da tasirin hanta da aikace-aikacen Livagen.
Hoto 1 Tsarin sinadarai na Livagen.
Tasirin Livagen akan Tsarin Kwayoyin Hanta da Aiki
A matakin salula, Livagen yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaitawa a cikin ilimin halittar jiki da aikin ƙwayoyin hanta. Bayanai daga immunocytochemistry da bincike na morphometric sun nuna cewa Livagen na iya haɓaka tsarin tsarin da aikin homeostasis na yawan ƙwayoyin sel a cikin al'adun hanta. Musamman, yanayin aikin farko na Livagen ya ta'allaka ne a cikin tabbatar da daidaiton yanayin salon salula da haɓaka hanyoyin sabunta salon salula da na ciki. Yana taimakawa wajen kula da yanayin halittar hanta na yau da kullun, yana ba su damar yin ayyukan ilimin halittar su yadda ya kamata. Lokacin da ƙwayoyin hanta ke fuskantar rikice-rikice na waje wanda zai iya haifar da sauye-sauye ko lalacewa, Livagen na iya yin aiki don taimakawa sel su kula da ilimin halittarsu na yau da kullum kamar yadda zai yiwu, don haka tabbatar da aikin yau da kullum na ayyukansu.
Daga ra'ayi na gina jiki kira, Livagen kuma yana nuna tasiri mai kyau. Binciken da aka yi a kan hawan jini na ƙwayar furotin a cikin al'adun hanta monolayer daga berayen shekaru daban-daban (watanni 1-24) sun gano cewa Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala), wanda aka samu ta hanyar haɗakar sinadarai da aka ba da izini dangane da nazarin amino acid na shirye-shiryen hanta peptide, na iya haɓaka matakan haɗin furotin a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta daga berayen shekaru daban-daban. Wannan tasirin yana bayyana musamman a cikin sel daga berayen tsofaffi, inda Livagen ba wai kawai yana haɓaka matakan haɗin furotin ba amma kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar furotin. Sunadaran sune tushen kayan aiki masu mahimmanci don sel don yin ayyuka daban-daban. Tasirin haɓakawa na Livagen akan haɗin furotin yana taimakawa kula da al'ada na rayuwa da ayyukan physiological na ƙwayoyin hanta. Yawancin enzymes da ke cikin hanta detoxification, haɗin abu, da kuma tsarin lalacewa sune sunadarai. Ta hanyar haɓaka haɗin furotin, Livagen na iya ƙara yawan abun ciki da ayyukan waɗannan enzymes, ta haka ne ke haɓaka aikin hanta gaba ɗaya.
Tsarin Livagen na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa masu alaƙa da hanta
Hanta tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa na ɗan adam, kuma Livagen na iya yin tasiri mai kyau na tsari akan ayyuka daban-daban na rayuwa na hanta. A cikin metabolism na makamashi, hanta shine maɓalli mai mahimmanci don carbohydrate, lipid, da furotin metabolism. Livagen na iya daidaita ma'aunin makamashi na rayuwa a cikin hanta ta hanyar tasiri ayyukan enzymes na rayuwa masu dacewa. Yana iya haɓaka kira ko aiki na mahimman enzymes a cikin gluconeogenesis, yana ba da hanta damar yin tasiri sosai don canza abubuwan da ba su da carbohydrate cikin glucose lokacin da jiki ke buƙata, ta haka ne ke ba da kuzari ga jiki. Don metabolism na mai, Livagen na iya daidaita tsarin β-oxidation na fatty acids, yana hana tarin kitse mai yawa a cikin hanta kuma ta haka yana taimakawa hana yanayi kamar cututtukan hanta mai kitse.
Dangane da haɓakar kayan abu da metabolism na catabolic, Livagen shima yana taka rawa. Hanta ita ce ke da alhakin hada abubuwa masu mahimmanci daban-daban, kamar albumin da abubuwan da ke damun jini. Ta hanyar haɓaka haɓakar furotin, Livagen a kaikaice yana taimakawa haɓaka samar da waɗannan abubuwa, yana kiyaye ayyukan ilimin lissafi na al'ada. Albumin yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye matsa lamba osmotic colloid plasma. Haɓaka aikin Livagen na haɗin albumin yana taimakawa daidaita matsi na colloid osmotic plasma, yana hana yanayi kamar edema nama. Dangane da metabolism na catabolic, Livagen na iya haɓaka ikon hanta don rushewa da canza abubuwa masu cutarwa. Exogenous gubobi ko endogenous na rayuwa sharar gida kayayyakin shiga cikin hanta dole ne a sha wani jerin hanyoyin canza rayuwa kafin a fitar da su daga jiki. Livagen na iya tsara ayyukan enzymes na rayuwa masu dacewa don haɓaka canjin rayuwa na waɗannan abubuwan, ta haka ne rage nauyin hanta na detoxification da kare shi daga lalacewa.
Ayyukan Livagen a cikin nau'ikan Raunin Hanta daban-daban
A cikin wasu nau'ikan raunin hanta da aka haifar da gwaji, Livagen ya nuna kyakkyawan tasirin hanta. A cikin samfura da ke kwaikwaya lalacewar hanta ta hanyar guba, Livagen na iya rage girman lalacewar ƙwayoyin hanta da gubobi ke haifarwa. Lokacin da kwayoyin hanta suka fallasa ga wasu gubar sinadarai, tsarin jikinsu da sassan jikinsu na iya lalacewa, wanda zai haifar da rashin aiki na salula ko ma mutuwa. Bayan jiyya tare da Livagen, girman lalacewar salula ya ragu sosai, kuma matakan wasu alamun lalacewa a cikin sel sun ragu. Wannan yana nuna cewa Livagen na iya zuwa wani mataki na magance harin mai guba akan ƙwayoyin hanta, yana kare mutuncinsu da aikinsu.
A cikin nau'in raunin hanta mai tsaka-tsaki na rigakafi, Livagen kuma yana nuna tasiri mai kyau. Ƙunƙwasawa mara kyau na tsarin rigakafi na iya haifar da amsa mai kumburi a cikin hanta, haifar da lalacewar nama. Livagen na iya rage kumburin hanta ta hanyar daidaita ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi da sakin abubuwan kumburi. Yana iya hana samar da wasu cytokines pro-mai kumburi (kamar ƙwayar cuta necrosis factor-α, da dai sauransu) yayin da ke inganta siginar cytokines na anti-mai kumburi (kamar interleukin-10, da dai sauransu), ta haka yana canza microenvironment mai kumburi a cikin hanta zuwa ga wani shugabanci mai dacewa don gyaran nama, rage ƙumburi da haɓaka hanta da ƙwayoyin hanta.
Abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su na Livagen a cikin rigakafi da maganin cututtukan hanta
Dangane da kyakkyawan aikin Livagen a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta da nau'ikan rauni daban-daban, yana riƙe ƙimar aikace-aikacen da za a iya amfani da shi a cikin rigakafi da magance cututtukan hanta. Dangane da rigakafin, ga yawan masu haɗari kamar masu sha na dogon lokaci, mutane masu kiba, da ƙungiyoyin sana'a da aka fallasa ga abubuwan hanta, Livagen na iya zama ƙari na abinci mai kariya. Ta hanyar shan Livagen akai-akai, yana taimakawa kula da lafiyar ƙwayoyin hanta, haɓaka hanta metabolism da ayyukan detoxification, da rage haɗarin cututtukan hanta. Ga masu amfani da barasa na yau da kullun, barasa da metabolites na iya haifar da lahani mai dorewa ga hanta. Livagen na iya rage wannan lalacewa zuwa wani lokaci, kare ƙwayoyin hanta daga cutar da barasa, da kuma hana farawar cutar hanta ta barasa.
Dangane da jiyya, ga marasa lafiya da aka riga an gano su da cutar hanta, Livagen na iya aiki azaman tsarin warkewa na haɗin gwiwa. Alal misali, a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon hanta na yau da kullum, ana iya amfani da Livagen a hade tare da magungunan rigakafi na gargajiya ko magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta. Yana inganta gyaran ƙwayoyin hanta da sake farfadowa, yana haɓaka ayyukan tsara tsarin rigakafi na hanta, inganta ingantaccen magunguna, rage kumburi da fibrosis a cikin hanta, kuma yana jinkirta ci gaban cututtuka. Ga marasa lafiya tare da cirrhosis, Livagen yana taimakawa inganta microcirculation na hanta, inganta samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga sel hanta, da daidaita tsarin metabolism na matrix extracellular a cikin hanta, ta haka yana rage yawan adadin fibrous nama. Wannan na iya inganta aikin hanta zuwa ɗan lokaci kuma yana haɓaka ingancin rayuwar marasa lafiya.
Binciken Tsarin Ayyukan Livagen a cikin Kariyar Hanta
Daga mahangar hanyoyin siginar salula, Livagen na iya shiga cikin daidaita hanyoyin da suka danganci haɓakar tantanin halitta, haɓakawa, da rayuwa. Misali, yana iya kunna hanyar siginar furotin kinase (MAPK) mai kunnawa mitogen, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓakar tantanin halitta, bambance-bambance, da amsa damuwa. Ta hanyar kunna hanyar siginar MAPK, Livagen na iya inganta haɓakar ƙwayoyin hanta da rayuwa, haɓaka aikin gyarawa da sake farfadowa lokacin da hanta ta lalace.
Livagen na iya yin hulɗa tare da abubuwan rubutawa a cikin sel don daidaita maganganun kwayoyin halitta masu alaƙa. Abubuwan da aka rubuta wani nau'in sunadaran sunadaran da ke daure ga takamaiman yankuna masu tallata kwayoyin halitta don daidaita rubutun kwayoyin halitta. Livagen na iya yin tasiri ga ayyuka ko matakan bayyanawa na wasu abubuwan da aka rubuta, ta haka ne ke canza maganganun kwayoyin halittar da ke da alaƙa da tsarin tsarin hanta, ka'idojin aikin rayuwa, da kariyar antioxidant, don haka yin tasirin hanta-kariya. Alal misali, yana iya daidaita ayyukan abubuwan da ke da alaka da nukiliya E2 (Nrf2), wani mahimmin abu mai mahimmanci a cikin tsarin tsaro na antioxidant na salula wanda ke sarrafa bayanin jerin kwayoyin enzyme antioxidant. Ta hanyar kunna Nrf2, Livagen yana inganta haɓakar enzymes na antioxidant, yana haɓaka ƙarfin antioxidant na ƙwayoyin hanta, kuma yana kare hanta daga lalacewa mai lalacewa.
Daga mahangar sadarwar intercellular, hanta tana ƙunshe da nau'ikan sel daban-daban, irin su hepatocytes, ƙwayoyin hanta na hanta, da sel Kupffer, waɗanda ke haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar sadarwar salula don kula da aikin hanta na yau da kullun. Livagen na iya yin tasiri ga tsarin sadarwa tsakanin waɗannan sel, yana daidaita hulɗar su. Yana iya daidaita yanayin kunnawar ƙwayoyin hanta na hanta, waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin fibrosis na hanta. Livagen yana rage haɗuwa da ɓoyewar matrix na waje ta hanyar hana kunna ƙwayoyin stelate na hanta, ta haka yana rage girman fibrosis na hanta. Bugu da ƙari, Livagen na iya canza tsarin tsarin tsarin rigakafi na ƙwayoyin Kupffer, yana ba su damar yin rawar da suka fi dacewa a cikin amsawar kumburin hanta da inganta gyaran gyare-gyare da sake farfadowa na hanta.
Kammalawa
A taƙaice, Livagen ya nuna muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare hanta. Ta hanyar bincike mai zurfi game da hanyoyin aiwatar da aikinta da ci gaba da binciken aikace-aikacen sa na asibiti, yana iya ba da gudummawa ga rigakafi da magance cututtukan hanta.
Sources
[1] Riadnova I, Filippov SV, Iuzhakov V V. [Tsarin ilimin halittar jiki na al'adar hanta na organotypic wanda aka fallasa ga peptide livagen [J]. Ci gaba a Gerontology, 2002,10:88-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12577697&query_hl=1.
[2] Brodskiĭ V, Khavinson V, Zolotarev I, et al. [Rhythm na furotin kirar a cikin al'adun hepatocytes daga berayen na shekaru daban-daban. Al'ada da tasirin peptide livagen [J]. Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol, 2001 (5): 517-521. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=15926314&query_hl=1
Samfura akwai don amfani da bincike kawai:
