By Cocer Peptides 
Watanni 1 da suka gabata
DUKKANIN LABARI DA BAYANIN KAYAYYA DA AKE BAYAR A WANNAN SHAFIN KAWAI DOMIN WATSA BAYANI NE DA MANUFOFIN ILIMI.
Kayayyakin da aka bayar akan wannan gidan yanar gizon an yi niyya ne kawai don binciken in vitro. Binciken in vitro (Latin: *a cikin gilashi*, ma'ana a cikin gilashin gilashi) ana gudanar da shi a wajen jikin mutum. Waɗannan samfuran ba magunguna ba ne, Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ba ta amince da su ba, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da su don hanawa, magani, ko warkar da kowane yanayi na likita, cuta, ko cuta. Doka ta haramta shigar da waɗannan samfuran cikin jikin mutum ko dabba ta kowace hanya.
Kiba ya zama batun kiwon lafiyar jama'a da ke ƙara tsananta a duk duniya, tare da illoli masu yawa akan lafiyar jikin mutane, kamar haifar da cututtukan zuciya, metabolism, da sauran yanayi na yau da kullun. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, magungunan GLP-1 sun fito a matsayin zaɓin magani mai ban sha'awa a fagen sarrafa kiba.
Hoto 1 Hanyoyin da za a iya yin asarar nauyi ta hanyar GLP-1. GI, Gastrointestinal; GLP-1, Glucagon-kamar peptide-1; GLP-1R, Glucagon-kamar peptide-1 mai karɓa.
Tsarin Ayyukan Magungunan GLP-1 a cikin Jiyya na Kiba
GLP-1 wani peptide ne na endogenous wanda aka ɓoye ta ƙwayoyin L a cikin tsarin endocrine na hanji. Magungunan GLP-1, wanda kuma aka sani da GLP-1 agonists masu karɓa (GLP-1 RAs), suna kwaikwayon tasirin ilimin lissafin jiki na GLP-1 ta hanyar kunna mai karɓar GLP-1 da hanyoyin siginar sa na ƙasa, ta haka yana yin tasirin tasirin ilimin lissafi daban-daban waɗanda ke taimakawa sarrafa nauyi.
Haɓaka siginar insulin: GLP-1 RAs suna haɓaka fitowar insulin daga ƙwayoyin β na pancreatic ta hanyar dogaro da glucose. Lokacin da matakan glucose na jini ya tashi, GLP-1 RAs suna ɗaure ga masu karɓar GLP-1 akan saman sel beta na pancreatic, suna kunna hanyoyin siginar intracellular don haɓaka haɓakar insulin da sakin, ta haka ne rage matakan glucose na jini. Tsayar da matakan glucose na jini yana taimakawa wajen rage kirar kitse da adanawa, yana hana haɓakar ci da samun kiba sakamakon hauhawar glucose na jini.
Rashin cin abinci: GLP-1 RAs suna aiki akan tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, musamman yankunan kwakwalwa da ke hade da tsarin ci, irin su hypothalamus. Ta hanyar ɗaure masu karɓa na GLP-1 akan saman jijiyoyi na hypothalamic, suna daidaita sakin neuropeptide, kamar rage ɓoyewar peptides masu motsa sha'awa da haɓaka maganganun peptides masu hana ci, ta haka haifar da ma'anar cikawa, rage cin abinci, da samun sarrafa nauyi.
Jinkirta zubar da ciki: GLP-1 RAs yana rage saurin yadda abubuwan ciki ke shiga cikin karamin hanji, yana tsawaita lokacin da abinci ya kasance cikin ciki da kuma samar da ci gaba mai dorewa. Wannan jinkirin zubar da ciki ba kawai yana rage girman abinci ba har ma yana daidaita matakan glucose na jini, yana hana hawan glucose na jini bayan cin abinci kuma ta haka yana rage tarin mai.
Tsarin 1 Tsarin tsari na GLP-1 agonists mai karɓa: rarrabuwa, amincin ƙwayoyi, da inganci. GI, Gastrointestinal; GLP-1R, Glucagon-kamar peptide-1 mai karɓa; PEG, polyethylene glycol.
Aikace-aikacen magungunan GLP-1 a cikin maganin kiba
Maganin kiba na manya: A cikin maganin kiba mai girma, GLP-1 RAs sun sami sakamako mai mahimmanci. An kammala gwajin gwaji na asibiti na Phase III na GLP-1, tare da sakamakon da ke nuna tasirin asarar nauyi. A cikin STEP 2.4 mg / mako GLP-1 aikin, marasa lafiya sun sami babban asarar nauyi, yana ƙara tabbatar da ingancin GLP-1 RAs a cikin kula da girma girma. Ana amfani da waɗannan magungunan a matsayin wani ɓangare na cikakken shirin asarar nauyi, haɗe tare da sarrafa abinci da matsakaicin motsa jiki, don cimma sakamako mafi kyau na asarar nauyi.
Maganin kiba na yara: Nazarin baya-bayan nan sun nuna cewa an yi amfani da magungunan GLP-1 irin su exenatide, GLP-1, da liraglutide don magance matsalolin kiba na yara, kamar kiba mai tsanani, kiba mai alaƙa da ciwon ƙwayar cuta ta polycystic (PCOS), da kuma kiba na hypothalamic. Misali, binciken ya gano cewa wadannan kwayoyi suna da wani tasiri wajen sarrafa kiba a cikin yara, suna taimakawa wajen inganta sigogi na rayuwa, da samar da sabbin hanyoyin magance kiba na yara.
Maganin kiba ga mutane na musamman - Marasa lafiya na PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cuta ce ta endocrin gama gari tsakanin mata masu haihuwa, kuma kiba ya zama ruwan dare tsakanin majinyatan PCOS. GLP-1 RAs suna da fa'idodi na musamman wajen magance kiba a cikin marasa lafiya na PCOS. Nazarin ya nuna cewa GLP-1 ba kawai rage nauyi a cikin marasa lafiya na PCOS ba amma kuma yana inganta juriya na insulin, rage hyperandrogenism, har ma yana ƙara yiwuwar ra'ayi na halitta da in vitro hadi. Wannan ya sa GLP-1 RA azaman zaɓin magani mai ban sha'awa ga majinyata PCOS masu kiba, suna ba da sabbin hanyoyin inganta lafiyarsu da haihuwa.
Kammalawa
A taƙaice, magungunan GLP-1, a matsayin ƙarfi mai tasowa a fagen jiyya na kiba, suna nuna alamun aikace-aikacen da ke da alaƙa a cikin kula da kiba a cikin manya, yara, da jama'a na musamman (kamar marasa lafiyar PCOS) saboda tsarin aikin su na musamman. Ta hanyoyi da yawa, ciki har da inganta haɓakar insulin, hana ci abinci, da jinkirta zubar da ciki, GLP-1 RAs yana taimakawa marasa lafiya su rage nauyi da inganta yanayin rayuwa.
A cikin maganin kiba na manya, magunguna irin su liraglutide da GLP-1 an inganta su ta hanyar gwaji na asibiti, suna ba da amintattun zaɓuɓɓukan jiyya ga marasa lafiya masu kiba. A cikin kula da kiba a cikin marasa lafiya na PCOS, GLP-1 RA ba kawai taimakawa rage nauyi ba amma kuma inganta ingantaccen cututtukan endocrine da ke hade da yanayin, yana ba da fa'idodi da yawa ga marasa lafiya na PCOS.
Sources
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