▎ Cort-g Nnyocha
Kedu ihe ndabere nyocha nke Cort-g?
Dị ka tetrapeptide sịntetik, Cort-g sitere na nyocha nyocha sayensị n'ọtụtụ mpaghara. N'ihe gbasara neuroscience, n'ihi nkwụsị nke ọrịa neurodegenerative dị ka ọrịa Alzheimer na ọrịa Parkinson, ndị nchọpụta na-achọ ihe ndị nwere ike ichebe neurons ma kwalite mmezi akwara. A mụrụ Cort-g na nyocha a, a na-atụkwa anya na ọ ga-enyere aka n'ịrụzi neuron ma mee ka ọrịa ahụ kwụsịlata. Na nyocha nke immunological, ebe ọ bụ na ọrịa ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-ebute ọtụtụ ọrịa, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị anọwo na-enyocha obere ụmụ irighiri ihe maka nhazi nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ.
Cort-g nwere ike ịhazi usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, kpalie nkwupụta nke interleukin-2, ma belata nzaghachi autoimmune, na-eweta echiche ọhụrụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ndị na-adịghị. Site na mmụba dị elu nke ọrịa obi na ọrịa ụbụrụ, mmetụta nke Cort-g na ihe ngosi dị mkpa na mkpụrụ ndụ mkpụrụ obi obi na-enye ntụziaka ọhụrụ maka mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ndị a. N'ihe banyere ịrị elu mmasị na nchọpụta mgbochi ịka nká n'ihi ụbara ịka nká nke ndị mmadụ, Cort-g nwere ike ịhazi mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ma mee ka DNA dịkwuo nso na steeti dị obere, na-enye aka na mkpughe nke usoro ịka nká na mmezu nke ịka nká. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na nrụzi anụ ahụ na ịmaliteghachi bụ isi ihe na-elekwasị anya na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, njirimara nke Cort-g n'ịkwalite nrụpụta cell na mkpali akwara emeghewo ụzọ ọhụrụ maka nyocha na mpaghara a.
Gịnị bụ usoro nke Cort-g?
1. Mmetụta na Heterochromatin
Na-ebute Depolymerization nke mkpokọta Heterochromatin: peptide bioregulator Cort-g nwere ike ime ka mwepu na deheterochromatization (depolymerization) nke mkpokọta heterochromatin. Site n'iji usoro cytogenetic molekụla, dị ka calorimetry nyocha dị iche iche, na-enyocha ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ribosomal n'ime satịlaịtị nke chromosome NOR, na-amụ polymorphism nke centromeric C-heterochromatin n'ime akụkụ akụkụ, na ịhụ mgbanwe nke ọdịbendị facultative heterochd na lymphocytes n'otu n'otu. N'elu, achọpụtara na Cort-g nwere mmetụta nchịkwa dị ukwuu na heterochromatin [1].
Na-arụ ọrụ Ribosomal Gene Synthesis: N'ihi ntinye nke deheterochromatin nke satịlaịtị nke chromosomes dị nso, Cort-g na-eme ka usoro njikọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ribosomal. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ naghị ebute deheterochromatization nke heterochromatin mejupụtara gburugburu centromere, ma wepụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa egbochiri n'ihi nsị nke mpaghara autosomal nke na-etolite FH [1]..
2. Mmetụta na Neurons
Na-achịkwa Ọrụ Eletriki nke Neurons: Achọpụtala cortexine ọgwụ na cortexine peptides na-ahazi ọrụ eletriki nke neurons n'otu ụzọ ahụ, ya bụ, na-agbanwe n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị ike izu ike, ikike ime ihe, na oge mkpali, nke a kọwara dị ka mmetụta mmalite. Glycine nwekwara ike ime ka ọrụ neuron rụọ ọrụ, mana ọ dị ntakịrị. Tetrapeptide Cort-g nwekwara ike hyperpolarize neurons site na 2-3 mV ma belata ọrụ ha na-eme ozugbo na ntinye nke 0.1-100 μM, na-egosi mmetụta ọrụ ya (neuroprotective). Na ntinye nke 1000 μM, Cort-g na-ebelata neurons (2-4 mV), na mmụba nke ọrụ mkpali na-edekọ. Na ntinye nke 10 mM, ọ na-eme ka neurons dịkwuo ukwuu ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-abawanye ugboro ugboro, ma na-egbochi ọgbọ nke ime ihe [1].
Na-emetụta Ion Currents: Cort-g nwekwara ike ịbawanye njupụta nke ngwa apụta dị ugbu a site na 3-5% na ntinye nke 0.1 μM. Mgbe inyechara Cort-g, enweghị mmụba na njupụta (mmelite) nke ọwa sodium na calcium dị n'ime ahụ ahụrụ. Mgbe o nyechara Cort-g na ntinye nke 100 μM na n'elu, njupụta nke mmiri ndị a malitere igosi nkwụsị nke dabere na dose na ntụgharị. Mgbe mkpokọta peptide ruru 10 mM, mgbochi ahụ nwere ike iru 80-90%. N'ime ha, mgbochi nke ọwa sodium dị ike karịa nke ọwa calcium [1].
3. Mmetụta na Okwu mkpụrụ obi obi
Ịgbanwe transcriptome nke obi obi: Site n'inyocha ihe odide 15,247 n'ime obi ụmụ nwanyị CBA ụmụ nwanyị dị ọnwa 6 bụ ndị natara injections na-aga n'ihu nke Cort-g maka ụbọchị 5, a chọpụtara na e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-achịkwa, cDNA microarray hybridization nke obi samples na nnwale otu gosiri na nkwupụta nke 1.5% nke ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke 23. clones) agbanweela nke ukwuu, na clones ndị a dabara na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa 110 mara nke sitere na ụdị ọrụ dị iche iche. Oke kachasị elu na ụkpụrụ ala bụ +5.42 na -2.86 n'otu n'otu [2].
Tụnyere ndị ọzọ Peptides na Hormones: Tụnyere mgbanwe na profaịlụ okwu obi obi nke peptides sịntetik kpatara (Cort-g, Vilon, Epitalon) na pineal peptide hormone melatonin na-ekpughe mmetụta nkịtị na kpọmkwem nke Cort-g na okwu mkpụrụ ndụ obi [2].
4. Ọrụ n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ
Mmetụta na Tissues Peripheral Neerve Tissues: N'ime mmadụ, Cort-g nwere mmetụta ọgwụgwọ doro anya na nhazi na mgbake arụ ọrụ nke akwara akụkụ ahụ mebiri emebi. Ọ bụ peptide sịntetị nke enwetara site na nhazi ntụzịaka dabere na nyocha amino acid nke nkwadebe peptide cerebral cortex sitere n'okike nke Cortexin [1]..
Ọrụ na Hip Osteoarthritis: Nnyocha ụfọdụ egosila na a na-eji intra-articular corticosteroid injections mee ihe ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ. Dị ka peptide bioregulator nwere mmetụta yiri ya, Cort-g na-arụ ọrụ ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ site n'ịhazi nzaghachi mkpali na ụzọ ndị ọzọ [3].
Kedu ihe bụ ngwa Cort-g?
1. Mgbochi ịka nká
Na-egbu oge usoro ịka nká: Dị ka peptide na-egbochi ịka nká, Cort-g nwere ike ịhazi okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, weghachi DNA n'ọnọdụ dị obere, si otú ahụ belata ịka nká na ịmaliteghachi mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Usoro ịka nká na-esonyere ya na mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Cort-g nwere ike igbu oge usoro ịka nká site n'ịhazi ngosipụta nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ndị a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike nweta mmetụta mgbochi ịka nká site n'ịgbalite ọrụ telomerase, ibelata nrụgide oxidative, ma ọ bụ na-ahazi mgbanwe epigenetic.
Na-achịkọta Metabolism Cellular: Ọ nwere ike ime ka nsogbu metabolic dị n'ụbụrụ na-eme ka ọ dị mma nke ischemia na-adịghị ala ala, nke nwere uru bara uru maka ịnọgide na-enwe ahụike na ọrụ ụbụrụ [2] . Nsogbu metabolic na ụbụrụ na-emetụta ọrịa neurodegenerative dị iche iche na ọrịa ndị metụtara ịka nká. Cort-g nwere ike iweghachi ọrụ metabolic nkịtị site na ịhazi ụzọ metabolic na ụbụrụ, si otú ahụ na-echebe ahụike ụbụrụ.
1. Neuroprotection na Brain Mmezi
Ịkwalite Ọrụ Neuron: Cort-g nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ na ọrụ nke neurons, na-arụ ọrụ dị mma na mgbake na nhazi nke ọrụ neuron. Nnyocha egosiwo na ọ nwere ike ịkwalite uto na mmepe nke neurons site na ịmekọrịta ihe na-eto eto na-eto eto [4] . Usoro a na-eme nwere ike ịgụnye ịgbalite ụzọ mgbaàmà akọwapụtara, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ọrụ metabolic dịkwuo mma na nnyefe synapti nke neurons.
Na-enyere aka na Nerve Tissue Iweghachite: Cort-g egosila ikike na nhazi na mgbake nke anụ ahụ akwara dị n'akụkụ, nke na-enye aka maka nrụzi mmerụ ahụ. Site n'ịhazi nhazi na nhazi nke matrix extracellular, ọ na-enye ebe dị mma maka uto nke mkpụrụ ndụ akwara. Matrix extracellular na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwado homeostasis cell na mmepe anụ ahụ. Cort-g nwere ike ịkwalite mmeghari na mmezi nke akwara akwara site na imetụta akụkụ na ọrụ nke matrix extracellular.
Nnyocha na Ọrịa Neurodegenerative: Cort-g bụ otu n'ime isiokwu na-ekpo ọkụ na nyocha nke ọrịa neurodegenerative dị ka ọrịa Alzheimer na ọrịa Parkinson. Ọ na-enyere aka belata ma ọ bụ gbochie ọganihu nke ọrịa ndị a. Ọrịa Neurodegenerative na-ejikọtakarị na ọnwụ na arụ ọrụ nke neurons. Cort-g nwere ike ibelata mmebi na ọnwụ nke neurons site na mmetụta neuroprotective ya, si otú ahụ na-egbu oge mmepe nke ọrịa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ site n'ịhazi ọkwa nke neurotransmitters, ịkwalite usoro nchebe antioxidant, ma ọ bụ ịkwalite mgbasawanye na ọdịiche nke mkpụrụ ndụ stem neural.
2. Nkwalite ọgụgụ isi
Imelite ebe nchekwa na nlebara anya: Nnyocha egosila na Cort-g nwere ike imeziwanye ebe nchekwa, nlebara anya, na ikike ọgụgụ isi, na-akwalite ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Usoro ya nwere ike ịgụnye ịhazi usoro neurotransmitter na ụbụrụ, dị ka ịbawanye ntọhapụ nke neurotransmitters dị ka dopamine na norepinephrine [5] . Ndị neurotransmitters ndị a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na usoro ọgụgụ isi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dopamine metụtara usoro ụgwọ ọrụ na mmụta na ebe nchekwa, na norepinephrine metụtara nlebara anya na ịmụrụ anya.
Mbelata Àgwà Nchegbu: Cort-g nwere mmetụta mgbochi nchegbu ma nwee ike inye aka belata àgwà ndị metụtara nchekasị, si otú ahụ meziwanye ọnọdụ mmetụta uche. Na nnwale òké, Cort-g egosila mmetụta nchịkwa na omume metụtara nchegbu [4] . Ọ nwere ike belata mgbaàmà nchegbu site na imetụta sekit akwara na ụbụrụ, dị ka ịhazi ọrụ mpaghara dị ka amygdala na hippocampus.
3. Immunomodulation
Na-akpali nkwupụta nke Interleukin-2: Cort-g nwere ike kpalie nkwupụta nke interleukin-2, si otú ahụ na-achịkwa ọrụ mgbochi ọrịa na ịkwalite nzaghachi mgbochi ahụ. Interleukin-2 bụ ihe dị mkpa immunomodulatory nke nwere ike ịkwalite mmụba na ịgbalite mkpụrụ ndụ T ma kwalite ọrụ mgbochi sel nke anụ ahụ [1] . Cort-g nwere ike ịkpalite nkwupụta nke interleukin-2 site n'ịgbalite ụzọ mgbaàmà kpọmkwem, si otú ahụ na-emeziwanye ihe mgbochi ahụ.
Mbelata nzaghachi autoimmune: Ọ na-enyere aka ịhazi ọrụ mgbochi site na ibelata nzaghachi autoimmune ma nwee ike inwe mmetụta nchịkwa ụfọdụ na ọrịa autoimmune. Ọrịa autoimmune na-ebute site na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-awakpo anụ ahụ nke ya n'ụzọ hiere ụzọ. Cort-g nwere ike ibelata mmeghachi omume nke autoimmune site n'ịhazi ọrụ nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, si otú a na-ekere òkè ụfọdụ ọgwụgwọ na ọrịa autoimmune.
4. Ndozi anụ ahụ na mmeghari ohuru
Iweghachite mmerụ ahụ ngwa ngwa: Cort-g nwere ike mee ngwa ngwa mgbake mgbe mmerụ ahụ gasịrị, gụnyere mmerụ ahụ anụ ahụ na mgbake mgbe ịwa ahụ gasịrị, site n'ịkwalite nrụpụta cell. Matrix extracellular nwere uru pụrụ iche na nrụgharị anụ ahụ na nrụzi. Cort-g nwere ike ịkwalite mmụba na ọdịiche nke mkpụrụ ndụ site na imetụta akụkụ na ọrụ nke matrix extracellular, na-eme ka nrụzi anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu na ịmaliteghachi.
Ịkwalite Nerve Regeneration: Cort-g nwere ike ịkpalite akwara akwara ma nwee mmetụta dị mma na nrụzi na ịmaliteghachi anụ ahụ akwara dị n'akụkụ. Nrụgharị akwara bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya nke gụnyere mmụba, ọdịiche, na ịkwaga nke mkpụrụ ndụ stem neural, yana uto nke axon na nhazi nke synapses. Cort-g nwere ike ịkwalite mmeghari akwara site na ịhazi ụzọ mgbama isi na usoro ndị a.
5. Ahụike obi na akwara ọbara
Na-emetụta Cardiovascular na Cerebrovascular Indicators: Ụfọdụ nnyocha achọpụtala na Cort-g nwere ike imetụta ụfọdụ ihe ngosi nke usoro obi na ụbụrụ ụbụrụ, ọ bụ ezie na mpaghara a ka na-achọ nyocha ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike imetụta ihe ndị na-egosi dị ka ọbara mgbali elu, ọnụọgụ obi, na elasticity vaskụla (Anisimov S, 2004). Usoro ya nwere ike ịgụnye ịchịkwa neurotransmitters, hormones, na ụzọ mgbaàmà na usoro obi na ụbụrụ cerebrovascular.
Ịchịkwa nkwupụta mkpụrụ ndụ obi obi: Cort-g nwere ike ịkwalite-makwaa okwu ụfọdụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na obi, dị ka Pass1, Hsc70, Bmp2, Wnt4, Eps15, na Eps15-rs. Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ndị a metụtara ndụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ obi, nhazi nke anụ ahụ obi, na njikwa nke ọnwụ cell e mere atụmatụ [2] . Site n'ịchịkwa okwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa obi, Cort-g nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị mma na nhazi na ọrụ nke obi, si otú a na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe ahụike obi.
6. Ụkpụrụ Omume
Ịkwalite ọnọdụ mmetụta uche: Cort-g nwere ike inwe mmetụta n'ịhazi ọnọdụ, melite ọnọdụ mmetụta uche, na ibelata mgbaàmà nke ịda mbà n'obi na nchekasị. Usoro ya nwere ike jikọta ya na ịhazi usoro neurotransmitter na sekit akwara na ụbụrụ [4] . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike imeziwanye ọnọdụ mmetụta uche site n'ịbawanye ọkwa nke neurotransmitters dị ka serotonin na dopamine; ma ọ bụ ọ nwere ike ibelata mgbaàmà nke nchekasị na ịda mbà n'obi site na ịhazi ọrụ nke mpaghara dịka amygdala na hippocampus.
Ngwọta Adjuvant nke Nsogbu Mood: Ọ nwere uru ngwa ngwa na ọgwụgwọ nke mgbaàmà mmetụta uche / ịda mbà n'obi na enwere ike iji ya dị ka ọgwụgwọ adjuvant. Nsogbu ọnọdụ uche bụ ọrịa uche a na-ahụkarị, usoro ọgwụgwọ ugbu a na-agụnyekarị ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ, psychotherapy, na ọgwụgwọ anụ ahụ. Enwere ike iji Cort-g dị ka ọgwụgwọ adjuvant, jikọtara ya na usoro ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala iji meziwanye mmetụta ọgwụgwọ.
N'ikpeazụ, dị ka tetrapeptide sịntetik, Cort-g nwere uru na-enweghị atụ na mpaghara biomedical. N'ihe gbasara mgbochi ịka nká, ọ na-enyere DNA aka ịlaghachi n'obere ọnọdụ site n'ịhazi okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na-egbu oge usoro ịka nká nke ọma, ma nwee ike imeziwanye nsogbu metabolic na ụbụrụ nke ischemia na-adịghị ala ala kpatara. Na ngalaba nke neuroscience, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ neuron, nke dị oke mkpa maka nrụzi mmerụ ahụ na nyocha banyere ọrịa neurodegenerative. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite cognition ma belata nchekasị. N'ihe gbasara mgbochi, ọ nwere ike kpalie nkwupụta nke interleukin-2 ma mezie ọrụ mgbochi. N'ihe gbasara obi na ụbụrụ cerebrovascular, ọ bụ ezie na a chọrọ nyocha ọzọ, ọ nwere ike imetụtarị ihe ndị dị mkpa ma na-achịkwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa obi. Cort-g emeghewo ụzọ ọhụrụ maka ahụike mmadụ ma na-atụ anya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa na ọgwụgwọ adjuvant nke ọrịa na njikarịcha ọrụ ahụ.
Banyere Onye dere ya
Ihe niile a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ Cocer Peptides na-enyocha, dezie ma chịkọta ya.
Onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị
Dr. Joseph I. Friedman bụ onye nyocha nke ọma na ọkachamara ahụike jikọtara ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndị a ma ama dị ka Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụlọ Ọgwụ nke Mt. Sinai, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọgwụ nke Icahn na Ugwu Saịnaị, na Pilgrim Psychiatric Center. Nchọpụta ya na-agbasa n'akụkụ dị iche iche gụnyere Psychiatry, Neurosciences & Neurology, Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, na General & Internal Medicine. O meela nnukwu ihe enyemaka na nghọta na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa uche, ọrịa obi, na nkwarụ ọgụgụ isi, na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọgbọ nyochara. Ọrụ ya enyerela aka n'ịkwalite ihe ọmụma na ụzọ ọgwụgwọ na mpaghara ndị a. Dọkịta Joseph I. Friedman ka edepụtara n'akwụkwọ ntụaka [5].
