By Cocer Peptides 
Watanni 1 da suka gabata
DUKKANIN LABARI DA BAYANIN KYAUTATAWA DA AKE BAYAR A WANNAN SHAFIN KAWAI DOMIN WATSA BAYANI NE DA MANUFOFIN ILIMI.
Kayayyakin da aka bayar akan wannan gidan yanar gizon an yi niyya ne kawai don binciken in vitro. Binciken in vitro (Latin: *a cikin gilashi*, ma'ana a cikin gilashin gilashi) ana gudanar da shi a wajen jikin mutum. Waɗannan samfuran ba magunguna ba ne, Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ba ta amince da su ba, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da su don hanawa, magani, ko warkar da duk wani yanayi na likita, cuta, ko cuta. Doka ta haramta shigar da waɗannan samfuran cikin jikin mutum ko dabba ta kowace hanya.
Dubawa
Yayin da yawan al'ummar duniya ke yin shekaru a cikin sauri, bincike kan rigakafin tsufa ya zama babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali a fannin kimiyyar rayuwa. Pinealon, tripeptide na roba, yana ba da sabbin dama don rage tsarin tsufa da inganta al'amuran kiwon lafiya da suka shafi shekaru saboda yuwuwar rigakafin tsufa.
Tsarin Aiki
Antioxidant Relief
Ana la'akari da damuwa na Oxidative daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke taimakawa ga tsufa na salula da kuma tsufa na kwayoyin halitta. Pinealon yana nuna tasirin rage damuwa na antioxidant. Bisa ga bincike, da roba tripeptide pinealone (Glu-Asp-Arg, watau, Pinealon) ya nuna wani kashi-dogara ikon iyakance oxidative danniya-induced lalacewa a cerebellar granule Kwayoyin, neutrophils, da pheochromocytoma (PC12) Kwayoyin. Yawan tarin ROS na iya lalata kwayoyin halittun salula irin su DNA, sunadarai, da lipids, wanda ke haifar da tabarbarewar salula da tsufa. Pinealon yana rage tarawar ROS, yadda ya kamata yana rage lalacewar danniya mai haifar da huhu da kuma kula da ayyukan ilimin halittar salula na al'ada. Gwaje-gwajen in vitro sun nuna cewa bayan jiyya tare da wani nau'i na Pinealon, matakan ROS a cikin sel na PC12 sun ragu sosai, kuma an inganta haɓakar kwayoyin halitta da haɓakawa sosai, yana nuna cewa Pinealon yana samar da kwayoyin halitta tare da yanayi mai kyau na ciki ta hanyar hana damuwa na oxidative, ta haka ne ya rage tsarin tsufa.
Hoto 2 Tasirin pinealon akan matakan iskar oxygen na ciki (ROS) a cikin sel PC12, kamar yadda aka auna a gaban ko rashi na 1 mM hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂).
Ka'idar Zagayowar Tantanin halitta da haɓaka Yaduwa
Pinealon yana rinjayar tsarin sake zagayowar tantanin halitta da hanyoyin haɓakar ƙwayoyin sel. Bincike ya nuna cewa tasirin kariya na Pinealon yana da alaƙa da kunnawa na ERK 1/2 da kuma jinkirin lokaci na canje-canje na sake zagayowar tantanin halitta. Hanyar siginar ERK 1 / 2 tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin tafiyar da salon salula kamar girma, haɓakawa, da bambanci. Pinealon yana haɓaka ci gaba da sake zagayowar tantanin halitta ta hanyar kunna hanyar siginar ERK 1/2, yana ba da damar sel su ci gaba da haɓakawa da sabunta kansu. A cikin gwaje-gwajen, an lura cewa a cikin sel da aka fallasa ga danniya na oxidative, ƙari na Pinealon ya haifar da gagarumin canje-canje a cikin maganganun sunadarai masu alaka da kwayar halitta, wanda ya ba da damar sel suyi saurin canzawa daga lokacin hutawa zuwa lokaci na mitotic, don haka ya kara yawan adadin kwayoyin halitta. Wannan tsari na sake zagayowar tantanin halitta da haɓaka haɓakar haɓaka yana taimakawa kula da ayyukan al'ada na kyallen takarda da gabobin jiki, ramawa ga raguwar lambobin tantanin halitta da ke haifar da tsufa da mutuwa, ta haka ne ke samun tasirin rigakafin tsufa a matakin salon salula.
Yin hulɗa tare da tsarin endocrine
Alakar da pineal gland da kuma melatonin
Pineal gland, a matsayin wani muhimmin sashin endocrin a cikin jikin mutum, yana ɓoye melatonin, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita agogon halitta, hawan barci, da ayyukan antioxidant, kuma yana da alaƙa da tsarin tsufa. Pinealon ba a samo shi kai tsaye daga pineal gland ba, amma aikinsa yana da alaƙa da ayyukan pineal gland. Melatonin wanda glandan pineal ya ɓoye yana da mahimman kaddarorin antioxidant, kuma Pinealon shima yana da ƙarfin rage damuwa na antioxidant. Biyu na iya nuna tasirin haɗin gwiwa dangane da aikin antioxidant. Pinealon na iya yin tasiri a kaikaice yanayin aiki na glandar pineal ta hanyar daidaita hanyoyin siginar intracellular, ta haka yana shafar siginar melatonin da tasirin sa.
Abubuwan da ake iya haifarwa akan sauran hormones na endocrine
Baya ga yuwuwar haɗin gwiwa tare da glandar pineal da melatonin, Pinealon kuma na iya yin tasiri ga sauran hormones na endocrin, don haka shiga cikin tsarin rigakafin tsufa. Tsarin tsarin endocrin ɗan adam wata hadaddun cibiyar sadarwa ne inda nau'ikan hormones ke hulɗa da tasiri da juna. Girman hormone (GH) da insulin-like girma factor-1 (IGF-1) suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye ci gaban jiki, metabolism, da gyaran salula, kuma canje-canje a matakan su suna da alaƙa da tsarin tsufa. Pinealon na iya tsara hanyoyin siginar da ke da alaƙa don yin tasiri ga ɓoyewa da aiki na GH da IGF-1, ta haka inganta haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, gyare-gyare, da sabuntawa, da jinkirta tsarin tsufa. Pinealon kuma yana rinjayar sauran hormones na endocrin kamar hormones na thyroid, yana daidaita tsarin rayuwa na jiki don kula da ayyukan rayuwa na yau da kullum da kuma cimma tasirin tsufa.
Ka'idar Tsarin rigakafi
Har ila yau, tsarin rigakafi yana fuskantar raguwar aiki yayin tsarin tsufa, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar rage lambobi da ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi, da kuma rage karfin amsawar rigakafi, yana sa jiki ya fi dacewa da mamayewa na pathogen kuma yana lalata ikonsa na share sel da ciwon daji. Pinealon na iya yin tasirin maganin tsufa ta hanyar daidaita tsarin rigakafi. Pinealon na iya haɓaka haɓakawa da bambance-bambancen ƙwayoyin rigakafi, haɓaka lambobin su da haɓaka ƙarfin amsawar rigakafi na jiki. Pinealon na iya daidaita ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi, yana ba su damar gane da kuma kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin ji, da ƙwayoyin kansa. Bincike ya nuna cewa Pinealon na iya haɓaka ƙarfin phagocytic na macrophages, yana ba su damar samun phagocytose mafi inganci da kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan zai iya haɓaka ayyukan cytotoxic na T lymphocytes akan ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Ta hanyar daidaita tsarin rigakafi, Pinealon yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye daidaiton rigakafi, yana rage yawan cututtuka daban-daban da ke haifar da tabarbarewar rigakafi, ta haka a kaikaice rage tsarin tsufa.
Kariyar Tsarin Jijiya
Tsufa na tsarin jin tsoro yana da alaƙa da alaƙa da rashin fahimta da cututtukan neurodegenerative. Pinealon yana da wani tasiri mai kariya akan tsarin jin tsoro. A matakin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, Pinealon na iya kare ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta daga lalacewa ta hanyar hana damuwa na oxidative da kuma daidaita tsarin tantanin halitta, ta haka ne ke kula da yanayin al'ada da aikin ƙwayoyin cuta. A cikin nazarin kan ƙwayoyin granule na cerebellar, Pinealon an samo shi don rage yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ke haifar da mutuwar kwayar halitta da kuma ƙara yawan rayuwar rayuwa. Har ila yau Pinealon yana rinjayar kira, saki, da kuma metabolism na masu watsawa na neurotransmitters, yana daidaita watsa siginar jijiyoyi kuma ta haka yana inganta aikin tsarin juyayi. Ta hanyar daidaita matakan neurotransmitters kamar dopamine da acetylcholine, Pinealon na iya haɓaka iyawar koyo da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. A cikin gwaje-gwajen dabba, dabbobin da aka bi da su tare da Pinealon sun nuna mafi kyawun aiki a cikin koyo da gwaje-gwajen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, suna nuna kariya da aikin inganta aikinta akan tsarin mai juyayi, wanda zai iya taimakawa jinkirta tsarin tsufa da kuma hana cututtuka na neurodegenerative.
Aikace-aikace na Pinealon a fagen rigakafin tsufa
Aikace-aikacen bincike na preclinical
A cikin lokacin bincike na asali, Pinealon an yi amfani da shi a cikin gwaje-gwajen samfurin dabba da yawa don tantance tasirin sa na tsufa. A cikin gwaje-gwajen linzamin kwamfuta, an gudanar da allurai daban-daban na Pinealon don lura da alamun tsufa a cikin berayen. Berayen da aka yi musu da Pinealon sun nuna ingantattun gashin gashi da yawa, haɓaka ƙarfin motsa jiki, da ingantaccen aikin fahimi. A cikin gwaje-gwajen aikin fahimi, irin su gwajin maze na ruwa na Morris, berayen da aka yi musu magani tare da Pinealon sun sami damar gano dandamalin ɓoye cikin sauri, yana nuna haɓakar koyo da ƙwarewar ƙwaƙwalwa. Binciken cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na kyallen linzamin kwamfuta da gabobin sun nuna cewa beraye a cikin rukunin da aka yi wa Pinealon sun nuna raguwar lalacewar salula da tsufa a cikin mahimman gabobin kamar hanta da kodan, tare da ƙarin tsarin salon salula da ingantaccen ayyuka. Wadannan binciken sun nuna cewa Pinealon yana nuna mahimmancin tasirin tsufa a cikin nau'ikan dabbobi, yana ba da tallafi don ƙarin bincike na asibiti.
Abubuwan Haƙiƙa na Aikace-aikacen Clinical
Dangane da ingantattun sakamako na karatun farko, Pinealon yana nuna fa'idodin aikace-aikacen asibiti mai fa'ida. A cikin rigakafi da maganin cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru, Pinealon na iya ɗaukar ƙima mai mahimmanci. Don cututtukan cututtukan neurodegenerative irin su cutar Alzheimer da cutar Parkinson, saboda tasirin kariya na Pinealon akan tsarin jijiya, zai iya zama wakili mai yuwuwar warkewa don rage jinkirin ci gaba da cutar da haɓaka aikin fahimi na marasa lafiya da ikon motsa jiki. A fagen cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, Pinealon yana taimakawa hana lalacewa da tsufa na sel endothelial na jijiyoyin jini ta hanyar damuwa na antioxidant da daidaita ayyukan salula, don haka rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya kamar atherosclerosis. Don raguwar shekaru masu alaƙa da aikin tsarin rigakafi, ana sa ran Pinealon zai haɓaka juriyar jiki ta hanyar daidaita tsarin garkuwar jiki, ta haka ne ya hana da kuma magance cututtuka masu yaduwa.
Aikace-aikace a cikin Filin Kyau da Kula da fata
A cikin kyakkyawan filin kula da fata, Pinealon kuma yana riƙe da yuwuwar ƙimar aikace-aikacen. Tufafin fata da farko yana bayyana azaman ƙarar wrinkles, sagging, bushewa, da launi. Pinealon ta antioxidant danniya da cell yaduwa-proliferating effects sanya shi tasiri anti-tsufa sashi ga fata. Pinealon na iya rage tarin ROS a cikin sel fata, rage oxidative danniya-induced lalacewa ga fata Kwayoyin, hana lalatar collagen da na roba zaruruwa, game da shi rage samuwar wrinkles da kuma kiyaye fata elasticity. Pinealon yana haɓaka haɓakawa da sabuntawar ƙwayoyin fata, yana hanzarta gyaran ƙwayoyin fata da suka lalace, kuma yana inganta yanayin fata da haske. Wasu nazarce-nazarce na farko sun gwada Pinealon lokacin da aka ƙara su a cikin samfuran kula da fata, kuma sakamakon ya nuna cewa mahalarta masu amfani da samfuran kula da fata da ke ɗauke da Pinealon sun sami raguwar zurfin wrinkle da lamba, da kuma ingantaccen ƙarfin fata da ɗanɗano abun ciki, yana nuna cewa Pinealon yana da takamaiman aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace a fagen kyau da kuma kula da fata.
Ƙarshe Bisa Bincike
Cikakken Tasiri
Dangane da binciken da ake ciki, Pinealon yana nuna sakamako masu kyau masu yawa a cikin rigakafin tsufa. A matakin salon salula, yana kare kwayoyin halitta daga lalacewa kuma yana kula da aikin su na yau da kullum da mahimmanci ta hanyar hanyoyi masu yawa irin su damuwa na antioxidant, tsarin tsarin kwayar halitta, da kuma inganta yaduwar kwayar halitta. A matakin kwayoyin halitta, Pinealon yana rinjayar tsarin mahimmanci da yawa ciki har da tsarin endocrin, rigakafi, da tsarin juyayi, yana samun nasarar gaba ɗaya tasirin tsufa ta hanyar daidaita ayyukan su. Hanyoyin da ke da tasiri a kan aikin glandar pineal, da kuma tasirinsa na karewa akan tsarin rigakafi da juyayi, yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban homeostasis na jiki da jinkirin tsarin tsufa.
Kammalawa
A matsayin wani abu da ke da kaddarorin tsufa, Pinealon yana nuna hanyoyin aiki da yawa a cikin tsarin salon salula, tsarin tsarin endocrin, tsarin tsarin rigakafi, da kariyar tsarin juyayi. Hakanan yana nuna yuwuwar aikace-aikacen a cikin bincike na farko, yuwuwar aikace-aikacen asibiti, da kulawar fata.
Sources
[1] Khavinson V, Ribakova Y, Kulebiakin K, et al. Pinealon yana haɓaka iyawar tantanin halitta ta hanyar danne matakan radical na kyauta da kunna hanyoyin haɓakawa[J]. Binciken Farko, 2011,14 (5): 535-541.DOI: 10.1089 / rej.2011.1172.
Samfura akwai don amfani da bincike kawai:
