▎ Liva-g Bincike
Menene asalin bincike na Liva-g?
The Free Radical Theory of Aging: A cikin 1950s, Harman ya ba da shawarar ka'idar tsufa na kyauta, yana ba da shawarar cewa radicals kyauta da aka samar yayin metabolism na salula zai kai hari ga kwayoyin halitta, wanda zai haifar da lalacewar tantanin halitta da tsufa. Wannan ka'idar ta ba da tushe na ka'idar don binciken abubuwan hana tsufa kuma ya sa masana kimiyya su nemo abubuwan da za su iya lalata radicals kyauta ko haɓaka ƙarfin antioxidant na sel.
Gano Abubuwan Peptide: Tare da ci gaba da zurfin nazarin ilimin halittu, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa abubuwan peptide suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin siginar tantanin halitta, tsarin rayuwa, da sauran fannoni. Wasu abubuwan peptide suna da ayyuka irin su antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, da inganta gyaran sel, wanda ke ba da sabon jagora don haɓaka sabbin magungunan rigakafin tsufa.
Bincike da Ci gaban Liva-g: Dangane da wannan asalin, masana kimiyya na Rasha sun haɓaka Liva-g bisa bincikensu akan abubuwan peptide. Sun fitar da gutsutsayen peptide na bioactive daga kyallen dabbobi kuma a ƙarshe sun sami Liva-g bayan jerin gwaje-gwaje da ingantawa. Nazarin ya nuna cewa Liva-g na iya daidaita tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa na sel da haɓaka ƙarfin antioxidant na sel, ta haka yana jinkirta tsufar salula.
Menene tsarin aikin Liva-g?
1. Tasiri kan Tsarin narkewar abinci
Gudanar da Ayyukan Enzymes Digestive: Nazarin ya nuna cewa Liva-g (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) peptide ne mai rauni mai rauni. The peptide hydrolases a cikin ƙananan hanji ba zai iya yin hydrolyze Liva-g zuwa ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi ba [1] . A ƙarƙashin yanayin in vitro, Liva-g na iya rage ayyukan glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase a cikin ƙananan hanji da kashi 50%. Bayan da aka ba da Liva-g ta baki ga berayen na tsawon makonni biyu, ayyukan enzymes masu narkewa a cikin kananan dabbobi sun ragu, yayin da a cikin tsoffin dabbobi suka karu. Yana da kyau a ambaci cewa a mafi yawan lokuta, aikin enzyme na tsohuwar berayen bayan karɓar Liva-g yana kusa da matakin na dabbobin daji a cikin rukunin kulawa [1].
2. Tasiri akan Enkephalin Degradeing Enzymes a cikin Serum
Hana Enkephalin Degrading Enzymes: Sakamakon sababbin bioregulators na peptide Liva-g da Epi (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) akan tsarin tsarin opioid na endogenous an yi nazarin su, musamman ikon su na canza ayyukan enkephalin lalata enzymes a cikin jini da yin hulɗa tare da masu karɓar opioid a cikin ɓangaren membrane na ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa. An ƙaddara aikin enkephalinase a cikin vitro ta hanyar auna ƙimar hydrolysis na ⊃3; H-Leu-enkephalin a gaban gwajin peptides. Liva-g da Epi sun hana enkephalin masu lalata enzymes a cikin jinin ɗan adam. Idan aka kwatanta da sanannun masu hana peptidase irin su puromycin, leupeptin, da D-PAM, an tabbatar da cewa Liva-g ya fi tasiri. An ƙirƙira madaidaicin tasirin hanawa na Liva-g da Epi, kuma ƙimar su IC₅₀ sun kasance 20 da 500 μM bi da bi [2, 3].
3. Tasirin Kariya akan Hanta
A matsayin wakili mai yuwuwar Hepatoprotective: Amfani da magunguna da yawa a cikin tsofaffi galibi shine sanadin rashin aikin hanta. Saboda haka, tare da karuwar shekaru, haɗarin hanta fibrotic induration, m da na kullum hepatitis karuwa. Wannan shine dalilin neman sababbin, tasiri, kuma marasa lahani na hanta. Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa hadaddun polypeptide na hanta (Ventvil) da KEDA tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala, Liva-g) suna da kaddarorin hepatoprotective, immunoprotective, da anti-tsufa. A cikin dabba da in vitro samfurin gwaji na hanta (hanta fibrotic induration, m da na kullum hepatitis), Ventvil da KEDA peptide sun nuna babban inganci. Ventvil da KEDA peptide suna da daidaiton tasiri - daidaita yanayin rigakafi da matsayin antioxidant da dawo da aikin hanta yayin hanta. Nazarin ya nuna cewa yayin aiwatar da tsufa, an tabbatar da matsakaicin tasirin hepatoprotective da immunoprotective na peptides [4].
4. Tasiri akan Chromatin na Lymphocytes
Kunna Chromatin na Lymphocytes: Abubuwan da ke haifar da peptide na roba Liva-g akan ayyukan ƙwayoyin ribosomal, sigogi na denaturation heterochromatin, polymorphism na tsarin C heterochromatin, da bambancin facultative heterochromatin a cikin lymphocytes na tsofaffi an yi nazari. Liva-g ya haifar da kunna kwayoyin ribosomal, da depolymerization na heterochromatin na halitta a kusa da centromere, da kuma sakin kwayoyin halittar da aka hana saboda ƙaddamar da yankunan euchromatin da suka shafi shekaru a cikin chromosomes. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa Liva-g ya haifar da deheterochromatization (kunnawa) na chromatin a cikin chromosomes na tsofaffi, wanda aka samu ta hanyar gyara heterochromatin da yankunan heterochromatinized a cikin chromosomes [5].
Menene aikace-aikacen Liva-g?
Bincike akan tsufa na salula
Liva-g na iya shafar ayyukan mahimman enzymes waɗanda ke cikin gyaran tantanin halitta ko hanyoyin amsa damuwa. Alal misali, yana hulɗa tare da masu kula da epigenetic kuma yana rinjayar canje-canje a cikin tsarin chromatin da tsarin maganganun kwayoyin halitta, don haka yana daidaita tsarin tsufa na salula. Lalacewar Oxidative yana taruwa akan lokaci kuma yana haifar da rashin aiki mai alaƙa da tsufa na salula. Tasirin Liva-g akan hanyar damuwa na oxidative yana daya daga cikin wuraren bincike, kuma yana iya jinkirta tsufa ta salula ta hanyar daidaita hanyoyin da suka dace.
Tasirin Cutar Hanta
Tare da karuwar shekaru, yin amfani da magunguna da yawa ta hanyar tsofaffi yakan haifar da rashin aikin hanta, don haka yana kara haɗarin hanta fibrosis, m da kuma na kullum. A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci don nemo sabbin, masu tasiri, kuma marasa lahani masu hana hanta. Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa hadaddun polypeptide na hanta (Ventvil) da KEDA tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala, wato Liva-g) suna da kaddarorin hanta, immunoprotective, da rigakafin tsufa. A cikin nau'ikan gwaji na dabba na cututtukan hanta (hanta fibrosis, m da kuma na kullum hepatitis) da kuma in vitro gwaje-gwaje, Ventvil da KEDA peptide sun nuna babban inganci. Ventvil da KEDA peptide suna da tasirin daidaitawa, wanda zai iya daidaita yanayin rigakafi da antioxidant kuma ya dawo da aikin hanta yayin hepatitis. Haka kuma, yayin tsarin tsufa, tasirin hepatoprotective da immunoprotective na waɗannan peptides sun kai iyakarsu [4].
Tasiri kan Ma'aunin Halittu na Majinyatan Ciwon daji
An gano cewa genome na marasa lafiya da ciwon nono na ductal yana da girma da yawa na karyawar DNA guda ɗaya, da yawan rashin daidaituwa na chromosomal, da ƙara yawan ƙwayar chromatin. Yin amfani da oligopeptide bioregulator Liva-g da cobalt ions a matsayin masu gyare-gyare yana da tasiri mai kariya a kan al'adun lymphocyte na marasa lafiya da ciwon nono na ductal, wanda zai iya daidaita duk sigogin da aka yi nazari. Wannan yana nuna cewa ta hanyar nazarin ƙwayoyin lymphocytes na marasa lafiya da ciwon nono na ductal, ana iya kimanta tasirin maganin maganin ciwon nono [6]..
Tasiri akan Lymphocytes na Marasa lafiya tare da Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy da 'Yan uwansu
Sakamakon peptide bioregulator Liva-g (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) da aka yi amfani da shi kadai kuma a hade tare da cobalt ions a kan ayyukan yankunan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta (NORs) da kuma yawan haɗin gwiwar chromosomes acrocentric a cikin lymphocytes na marasa lafiya tare da hypertrophic cardiomyopathy da danginsu an yi nazari. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa haɗin gwiwar aikin Liva-g da cobalt ions sun kara yawan adadin NOR tare da babban maki na 2 a cikin marasa lafiya da danginsu. Wadannan mahadi kuma suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ayyukan haɗin gwiwar chromosomes na acrocentric, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin karuwa mai girma a cikin wannan ma'auni a cikin ƙungiyoyin binciken biyu.
A wannan yanayin, aikin Liva-g da cobalt ions sun fi tasiri. Tun da ayyukan NORs da kuma yawan haɗin gwiwar chromosomes na acrocentric sun dogara ne akan ingancin haɓakar ƙwayoyin chromosomes na acrocentric, ana iya ƙarasa da cewa Liva-g da ions cobalt suna da tasiri akan lymphocytes na marasa lafiya tare da hypertrophic cardiomyopathy da danginsu, yana haifar da decondensation na heterochromatinized. Wannan yana iya zama yanayin sakin kwayoyin halittar da ba a kunna su ba yayin aikin damfara a cikin daidaikun rukunin binciken. Wadannan bayanan suna ba da sabon bayani game da tasirin kariya na Liva-g da Liva-g + cobalt ions akan lymphocytes na marasa lafiya tare da hypertrophic cardiomyopathy da danginsu kuma suna iya taimakawa wajen bunkasa hanyoyin magani [7].
Tasiri kan Enkephalin Degradeing Enzymes a cikin Serum
An yi nazarin tasirin sabon peptide bioregulators Liva-g (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) da Epi (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) akan tsarin tsarin opioid na endogenous, musamman ikon su na canza ayyukan enkephalin masu lalata enzymes a cikin jini da yin hulɗa tare da masu karɓar opioid a cikin ɓangaren membrane na ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa. Gwaje-gwajen in vitro sun ƙayyade aikin enkephalinase ta hanyar auna ƙimar hydrolysis na ⊃3;H-Leu-enkephalin a gaban Liva-g da Epi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa Liva-g da Epi sun hana enkephalin wulakanci enzymes a cikin jinin ɗan adam. Liva-g ya fi tasiri fiye da wasu sanannun masu hana peptidase irin su puromycin, leupeptin, da D-PAM. An ƙirƙira madaidaitan tasirin hana kashi na Liva-g da Epi, kuma ƙimar su IC₅₀ sun kasance 20 da 500 μM bi da bi. An kimanta hulɗar da ke tsakanin peptides da masu karɓa na opioid ta amfani da hanyar rediyoligand mai karɓa tare da [⊃3; H] [D-Ala⊃2;, D-Leu⁵] -enkephalin. Ba a sami ma'amala tsakanin μ ko δ masu karɓa na opioid a cikin ɓangaren membrane na kwakwalwar bera da gwajin peptides [2, 3].
A ƙarshe, ta hanyar daidaita maganganun kwayoyin halitta da inganta haɓakar furotin, Liva-g yana nuna tasiri mai mahimmanci a cikin maganin tsufa, immunomodulation, da kariyar aikin hanta. Yana iya daidaita ayyukan enzymes masu narkewa, hana enkephalin lalata enzymes, da jinkirta tsufa ta salon salula ta hanyar kunna mahimman enzymes da kuma tasiri hanyar damuwa na oxidative. Bugu da ƙari, Liva-g kuma yana inganta aikin rigakafi da matsayi na antioxidant ta hanyar tasirin hepatoprotective kuma yana inganta farfadowar aikin hanta a cikin cututtuka irin su hepatitis. Yana da yuwuwar ƙimar aikace-aikacen a cikin rigakafi da magance cututtukan da ke da alaƙa kuma yana ba da sabon jagorar bincike don rigakafin tsufa da kiyaye lafiya.
Game da Marubuci
Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama duk bincike ne, gyara su kuma Cocer Peptides ne suka haɗa su.
Mawallafin Jaridar Kimiyya
Vladimir Khavinson fitaccen masanin ilimin halittu ne na Rasha kuma farfesa wanda aka sani da binciken sa na farko a cikin magungunan peptide bioregulator da rawar da suke takawa wajen rage tsufa da inganta yanayin lafiya. Ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Bioregulation da Gerontology ta St. Petersburg kuma ya kasance memba na Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Rasha. Bincikensa ya mayar da hankali kan haɓaka hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na peptide don haɓaka aikin rigakafi, kariya daga damuwa na oxidative, da haɓaka tsawon rai. Fiye da shekaru arba'in, ya hakowa tare da haɗa rukunin peptide da yawa, wanda ya haifar da gabatar da magunguna na tushen peptide guda shida da ƙarin kayan abinci peptide 64 cikin aikin asibiti. Ayyukan Khavinson ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga fannin ilimin gerontology, musamman wajen fahimtar hanyoyin tsufa da haɓaka ayyukan da za a inganta rayuwa a cikin tsofaffi.
Vladimir Khavinson sanannen masanin ilimin gerontologist ne kuma farfesa, wanda ya shahara don bincikensa mai zurfi akan peptide bioregulator da rawar da suke takawa wajen rage tsufa da haɓaka tsawon lafiya. Ya rike mukamin darekta a Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu da Gerontology ta St. Petersburg kuma ya kasance memba na Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Rasha. Bincikensa ya dogara ne akan ci gaba da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na peptide don haɓaka aikin rigakafi, tsayayya da damuwa na oxidative, da sauƙaƙe tsawon rai. A cikin fiye da shekaru arba'in na bincike, ya fitar da hada nau'ikan rukunin peptide iri-iri, waɗanda suka haɓaka aikace-aikacen asibiti na magungunan peptide guda shida da ƙarin kayan abinci na tushen peptide 64. Ayyukan Khavinson sun ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga fannin ilimin gerontology, musamman ma a fahimtar hanyoyin tsufa da kuma ci gaba da tsoma baki don inganta rayuwar tsofaffi. An jera Vladimir Khavinson a cikin ambaton ambaton [5].
