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1kits (10Vials) .
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▎ TB500 ƒe Dɔwɔɖoɖo
Dzɔtsoƒe: PubChem |
Nusiwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo: LKKTETQ Molekyulãwo ƒe Mɔfiame: C 38H 68N 10O14 Molekyulã ƒe Kpekpeme: 889.0 g/mol CAS ƒe xexlẽdzesi: 885340-08-9 PubChem ƒe CID: 62707662 Nya siwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo: QHK6Z47GTG |
▎ TB500 Numekuku
Nukae nye numekuku si wowɔ le TB500 ŋu?
TB500 nye peptide sue aɖe si ŋu wotrɔ asi le tso thymosin β4 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe teƒe. Ŋutete le thymosin β4 si be wòagbugbɔ lãmekawo agbugbɔ awɔ, atsi dɔdzẽ nu, eye wòadzra wo ɖo kabakaba, eye TB500 nyi nɔnɔme siawo hã ƒe dome. Le gɔmedzedzea me la, le numekuku si wowɔ le thymosin β4 ŋu me la, wokpɔe be nugbagbeŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ geɖe le esi, eye wòwɔa akpa vevi aɖe le akpa aɖewo abe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu, lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo, kple dɔdzẽ ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ene me. TB500 nye thymosin β4 ƒe akpa si le dɔ wɔm. Numekulawo le mɔ kpɔm be to TB500 ŋuti numekuku me la, yewoate ŋu ase eƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu gɔme nyuie wu eye yewoaku nu me nenye be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le eŋu wòazu atike si ŋu taɖodzinu tɔxɛwo le hena atikewɔwɔ.
Le abi dzadzraɖo kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbegblẽ si dɔléle siwo nɔa anyi didi hena vɛ gome la, seɖoƒe aɖewo li na atikewɔwɔmɔnu xoxowo. Le ŋutete si le esi le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ ta la, TB500 va zu numekuku ƒe teƒe vevi aɖe, eye amewo le mɔ kpɔm be ana susu yeyewo kple mɔnu yeyewo hena dɔléle siawo dada. Le kpɔɖeŋu me.
Kamedefefewɔlawo xɔa abi vovovowo bɔbɔe le hehexɔxɔ kple hoʋiʋliwo me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye lãmekawo ƒe tete kple lãkusiwo ƒe abi. Woxɔe se be TB500 ate ŋu akpe ɖe abiwo dzadzraɖo kabakaba ŋu eye wòana kamedefefe ƒe abixɔxɔ ƒe hayahaya kabakaba nanyo ɖe edzi, eyata ehe amewo ƒe susu le kamedefefewo ƒe atikewɔwɔ me. Numekuku aɖewo dzea agbagba be yewoaku alesi TB500 ate ŋu azãe le kamedefefewɔlawo ƒe abiwo gbugbɔgaɖɔɖo me. Gake le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, ehe nyaʋiʋli aɖe hã vɛ le nenye be woate ŋu azãe le mɔ gbegblẽ nu abe atike muamewo zazã ene ŋu. Esi woto atikewo vɛ ta la, atike yeyewo didi le dzidzim ɖe edzi ɣesiaɣi. Abe peptide-nu si si dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu tɔxɛ aɖe le ene la, ŋutete le TB500 ŋu be woatrɔ asi le eŋu wòazu atike yeye ƒomevi aɖe, si ana tiatia geɖe wu nasu ame si na atikewɔwɔ le atikewɔnyawo me.
Nukae nye TB500 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu?
Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ:
TB500 nye peptide sue aɖe si ŋu wotrɔ asi le tso thymosin β4 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe teƒe. Ŋutete le thymosin β4 ŋu be wòado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, eye TB500 nyi nɔnɔme sia ƒe dome. Ate ŋu ado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ le mɔ siwo gbɔna nu:
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ:
Ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔ tɔxɛ aɖewo nawɔ dɔ be woado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme ɖe ŋgɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ate ŋu ana dzesimɔ siwo do ƒome kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple wo dzadzraɖo, abe PI3K/Akt dzesimɔ, kple bubuawo ene, nawɔ dɔ, si ana lãmenugbagbeviwo nadzi ɖe edzi kple woƒe vovototodedeameme eye wòado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ [1]..
Lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ:
Lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ me. TB500 ate ŋu aɖɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe gbegblẽ ɖo, si ado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ƒoƒo ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu, woƒe ʋuʋu, kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe ŋgɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ate ŋu ana kolagen kple elastin ƒe wɔwɔme nadzi ɖe edzi, si ana lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe wɔwɔme kple dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi [1]..
Dɔléle si tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu:
Dzoxɔxɔ nye ŋutilã ƒe ametakpɔnu ne exɔ abi kple dɔlékuiwo, gake dɔdzẽ si gbɔ eme ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbeviwo nagblẽ. TB500 wɔa dɔ ɖe dɔdzẽ dzi eye ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe domenɔlawo ƒe wɔwɔ nu. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe domenɔlawo abe cytokines kple chemokines ene wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo me. TB500 ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe domenɔla siawo ƒe wɔwɔ nu, si ana dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ate ŋu axe mɔ na dɔdzẽ ƒe nuwɔna abe tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) kple interleukin-1β (IL-1β) [1] ..
Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ:
Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔdzẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. TB500 ate ŋu aɖɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo, abe macrophages kple lymphocytes ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ ene, si ana dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ate ŋu ado macrophages ƒe tɔtrɔ wòazu anti-inflammatory phenotype ɖe ŋgɔ eye wòaxe mɔ na lymphocytes ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple woƒe dzidziɖedzi [1]..
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple woƒe vovototodedeameme kabakaba:
To lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me la, TB500 ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme nawɔ kabakaba, si ana lãmenugbagbevi siwo gblẽ ƒe dzadzraɖo ɖe ŋgɔ [1] ..
Dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ:
Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ahe lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo ɖe megbe, eye TB500 ƒe dɔlékuiwutike ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ate ŋu aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖoa dzi akpɔtɔ, si ana nɔnɔme nyui nanɔ anyi na lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo [1]..
Ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ:
Angiogenesis le vevie ŋutɔ na lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo. TB500 ate ŋu ado ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, ana ʋu nayi lãmeka siwo gblẽ gbɔ, ana nunyiame kple ɔksidzin lãmenugbagbeviwo, eye wòado lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo ɖe ŋgɔ [1]..
MMP/TIMP ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe aklã me ʋu ƒe sisi ŋu.
Dzɔtsoƒe:PubMed [3] .
Aleke TB500 wɔa ɖoɖo ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe gbegblẽ ŋui?
Dadasɔ si le lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo (ECM) ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe gbegblẽ dome le vevie ŋutɔ be lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe wɔwɔme kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie nanɔ anyi. TB-500 ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ƒe wɔwɔme dzi le mɔ siawo nu:
Collagen ƒe ƒuƒu dodo ɖe ŋgɔ:
Woxɔe se be TB-500 te ŋu doa kolagen ƒe tsɔtsɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, eye collagen nye lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe akpa vevi aɖe. Mɔnu tɔxɛ si dzi wòtona wɔa dɔ ate ŋu alɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔ siwo kpɔa gome le kolagen ƒe wɔwɔme me ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe eme. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ate ŋu ado kolagen domenyiŋusẽfianuwo ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖe ŋgɔ to tsitsinu aɖewo alo nuŋɔŋlɔ ƒe akpa aɖewo wɔwɔ me, si ana kolagen ƒe wɔwɔme nadzi ɖe edzi [2]..
Endothelial cell ƒe vovototodedeameme kple ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ:
Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo me ɖea lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe akpa vovovo siwo le ʋukawo me la dona le ʋukawo ƒe wɔwɔme me. TB-500 doa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe vovototodedeameme kple ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãkusiwo me, si ate ŋu ado lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe wɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu. Ʋuka yeye siwo wowɔ la hiã na lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ, si ate ŋu aʋã lãmenugbagbeviwo be woawɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe akpa geɖe wu [2] ..
Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe gbegblẽ dzi:
Ate ŋu aɖɔ matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) kple woƒe mɔxenuwo (TIMPs) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo:
Matrix metalloproteinases kple woƒe mɔxenuwo koŋue kpɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe gbegblẽ dzi. Togbɔ be kpeɖodzi aɖeke meli tẽ fifia be TB-500 kpɔa MMP kple TIMP ƒe dɔwɔnawo dzi o, ne míebu eŋu be TB-500 ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi doa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu kple abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, eye zi geɖe la, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu kple abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo kpena ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe tɔtrɔ yeye ŋu la, esia ate ŋu alɔ MMP kple TIMP ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe eme. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le aklã ƒe fibrosis ŋuti numekuku me la, matrix metalloproteinases kple woƒe mɔxenu tɔxɛwo (si nye, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMPs) wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le collagen ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe ʋuʋu me. Ne wogbugbɔ dadasɔ le MMP kple TIMP dome la, woate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo nu, si ana aklã ƒe fibrosis dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ [3]..
Lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe gbegblẽ dzi kpɔkpɔ le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu to ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe nuwɔna dzi:
TB-500 ate ŋu ado keratinocyte ƒe ʋuʋu ɖe ŋgɔ. Le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu me la, ele be lãmenugbagbeviwo naɖɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe gbegblẽ ɖo be mɔa nakɔ. Esia ate ŋu abia be lãmenugbagbeviwo naɖe enzyme alo nu aɖewo ɖa be woatsɔ aɖɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matriki ƒe gbegblẽ ɖo. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le ŋutilã kple dɔléle ƒe dɔwɔwɔ aɖewo me la, lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖea matrix metalloproteinases tsɔ gblẽa lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe matrix hena ʋuʋu [2] ..
Mɔ kawo nue TB500 wɔa nu kple nugbagbeviwo le tsɔ doa lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ?
Molekyul siwo wɔa dɔ le nugbagbewo me ƒe dodo:
Biomaterials ateŋu anye nusiwo tsɔa nu eye woawɔ dɔ aduadu kple TB500 be woaɖe bioactive molecules, si ado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nugbagbevi aɖewo ate ŋu aɖe nusiwo wɔa dɔ abe nusiwo nana ame tsina ene ɖe go. Nu siawo wɔa dɔ aduadu kple TB500 tsɔ doa ŋusẽ lãmekawo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme. TB500 ŋutɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu kple ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me. Ne wotsɔe kpe ɖe molecule siwo le dɔ wɔm siwo nugbagbeviwo ɖena ɖe go ŋu la, ate ŋu ado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ nyuie wu [4, 5]..
Akpa si biomimetic materials wɔna:
Nusiwo wotsɔ srɔ̃a nu gbagbewo srɔ̃a lãmekawo ƒe dzɔdzɔme wɔwɔme kple dɔwɔwɔ, si naa nuto sue si sɔ na TB500. Biomimetic nu mawo ate ŋu asɔ kple lãmekawo nyuie wu, si ana TB500 nawɔ dɔ le teƒe si wògblẽ le. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, biomimetic nusiwo si ʋuʋudedi ƒe wɔwɔme tɔxɛ aɖe le ate ŋu ana kpekpeɖeŋu lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi, eye le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, ana TB500 nakaka eye wòawɔ dɔ nyuie wu [4] ..
Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe tɔtrɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi:
Biomaterials ateŋu ado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ to dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me, le ɖekawɔwɔ me kple TB500. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be nugbagbeviwo ate ŋu aɖɔ macrophages ƒe polarization ɖo, si ana woakpɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi eye wòana nɔnɔme nyui aɖe nanɔ anyi na lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ. TB500 ate ŋu ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ sia nadzi ɖe edzi to ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ɖe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, to dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe tɔtrɔ si nugbagbeŋusẽwo doa mɔ na me la, woate ŋu atrɔ asi le macrophages ƒe polarization ŋu be wòado lãmeka falɛfalɛwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ le lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me, eye TB500 ate ŋu awɔ akpa aɖe le nuwɔwɔ aduadu me le ɖoɖo sia me [5]..
Lãmenugbagbeviwo kple nugbagbewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo:
Lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ me. Ne wotsɔ biomaterials kple TB500 kpe ɖe eŋu la, ate ŋu ana atikewɔwɔmɔnu si awɔ dɔ nyuie wu. Lãmenugbagbevi geɖe, abe mesenchymal stem cells kple adipose-derived stem cells ene, kpɔa gome le lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ me. Biomaterials ateŋu ana kpekpeɖeŋu kple mɔfiame na lãmenugbagbeviwo, gake TB500 ateŋu ado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu, agbetsitsi, kple vovototodedeameme ɖe ŋgɔ. Etɔ̃awo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ate ŋu aɖu seɖoƒe siwo le wo ɖeɖeko zazã me dzi eye wòado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ.
Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ:
Lãmetsi siwo le gota ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ hã wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ me. Nu gbagbewo ate ŋu ana xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe mɔxenu nado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, eye TB500 ate ŋu ado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ kple lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe hayahaya ɖe ŋgɔ to ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ɖe domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe ɖeɖefia si do ƒome kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe wɔwɔme dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me ..
Nu gbagbe siwo wɔa dɔ le magnet-ŋusẽ ŋu zazã:
Nu gbagbe yeye siwo wɔa dɔ le magnet-ŋusẽ ŋu ate ŋu ana lãmekawo nagbugbɔ awɔ to atike kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi. Woate ŋu azã TB500 atsɔ akpe ɖe nugbagbevi mawo tɔgbe ŋu atsɔ ana lãmeka siwo gblẽ ƒe dzadzraɖo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi nanyo ɖe edzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me. TB500 ateŋu awɔ dɔ aduadu kple biomaterial sia be wòado lãmekawo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ ɖe ŋgɔ geɖe wu [7]..
Le nusianu me la, abe peptide sue aɖe si ŋu wotrɔ asi le tso thymosin β4 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe teƒe ene la, TB500 ɖe ŋutete ɖedzesi aɖe fia le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ, tsitretsitsi ɖe dɔdzẽ ŋu, kple wo dzadzraɖo kabakaba me. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be ate ŋu ado lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe vovototodedeameme, ʋukawo ƒe dzɔdzɔ, kple keratinocyte ƒe ʋuʋu ɖe ŋgɔ, eye ate ŋu aɖɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe gbegblẽ hã ɖo. Le lãmekawo ɖɔɖɔɖo gome la, TB500 ate ŋu ahe mɔkpɔkpɔ yeye vɛ na kamedefefe me abiwo dzadzraɖo to lãmekawo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme dodo ɖe ŋgɔ, dɔdzẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ, kple nuwɔwɔ kple nugbagbeviwo me. Ŋutete le TB500 ŋu be wòazu atike nyui aɖe na lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbegblẽ kple dɔléle siwo do ƒome kplii ƒe atikewɔwɔ kpeɖeŋutɔ.
Le Agbalẽŋlɔla La Ŋu
Nusiwo míeyɔ ɖe etame la katã nye esiwo ŋu Cocer Peptides wɔ numekuku le, trɔ asi le wo ŋu eye woƒo wo nu ƒu.
Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe Agbalẽŋlɔla
Ye J nye numekula le Zhejiang Yunivɛsiti eye wònye Ƒumeŋutinunya ƒe Atikewɔwɔ Gbugbɔgadzɔ ƒe Ƒuƒoƒo (CORMed) me tɔ. Eƒe numekuku ƒe akpawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwo, nuwo ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya, nuwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si kple wo dzi kpɔkpɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo, asitsatsa kple ganyawo, kple akɔntabubu mɔnuwo le hadomenunya me. Ye J kpɔ gome le suku kple habɔbɔ vovovowo me, abe Opt Clearing Corp, CTC Holdings, Illinois Yunivɛsiti Chicago, kple Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS. Woŋlɔ Ye J ɖe nyayɔyɔ ƒe numekugbalẽ me [5].
