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1 pahu (10 Vials)
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▎ Hoʻolālā Glutathione
Puna: PubChem |
Kaʻina: XCG Huihui Molekala: C 10H 17N 3O 6S Kaumaha Molekala: 307.33g/mol Helu CAS: 70-18-8 PubChem CID: 124886 Synonyms: L-Glutathione |
▎ ʻImi Glutathione
He aha ke kumu noiʻi o Glutathione?
ʻO ka ʻike a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka glutathione
Ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻo Glutathione i ka hū i ka makahiki 1888. I ka makahiki 1921, ua hoʻoholo hou nā kānaka ʻepekema i kona ʻano kemika. ʻO Glutathione kahi tripeptide i hana ʻia e ka condensation o ka glutamic acid, cysteine, a me ka glycine ma o nā paʻa peptide.
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kāna mau kuleana koʻikoʻi i nā mea ola
Mai ka 1930s, ua ʻike mālie ka poʻe he nui nā hana koʻikoʻi o ka glutathione i nā mea ola. Hoʻokomo ʻo ia i nā hopena redox i loko o nā cell, e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana nui i ka mālama ʻana i ke kūpaʻa o ka intracellular environment a me ka pale ʻana i nā cell mai ka pōʻino oxidative. Eia nō naʻe, he hana koʻikoʻi ia i nā kaʻina hana physiological e like me ka halihali amino acid a me ka hoʻoponopono hana enzyme. Ua kau kēia mau ʻike i kumu kumu no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka glutathione i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
E noiʻi i kāna mau kumu i alakaʻi ʻia e nā noi noi lāʻau
Me ka noiʻi hohonu o nā hana physiological o ka glutathione, ua lilo kona waiwai noi i ka ʻoihana lapaʻau i mea kaulana. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi like ʻole, e like me nā maʻi ate a me nā maʻi maka, a hiki ke lilo i antioxidant. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka noi nui no ka glutathione i nā noi lapaʻau, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe noiʻi e nānā i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kumu kūpono a paʻa o ka glutathione, kahi i alakaʻi ai i ka noiʻi hohonu i kāna mau kumu.
He aha ke ʻano o ka hana a Glutathione?
Ka hopena antioxidant
ʻO Glutathione (GSH) kahi antioxidant maikaʻi e komo i ka ʻōnaehana pale antioxidant i loko o nā cell. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili pololei me nā ʻano oxygen reactive (ROS) e like me ka hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) a hoʻemi iā lākou i mea ʻino ʻole [1, 2] . No ka laʻana, ma o ka glutathione redox cycle, glutathione reacts me H₂O₂ a hoʻololi iā ia i wai, pēlā e pale ai i nā cell mai ka pōʻino oxidative. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka glutathione i ka glutathione oxidized (GSSG), akā hiki i ka glutathione reductase i loko o ke kelepona ke hoʻemi i ka GSSG hoʻi i GSH, e mālama ana i ka mana antioxidant o ke kelepona. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka glutathione ke pale aku i nā hui -SH ma ka membrane cell, kahi mea nui i ka lawe ʻana i ka cation a me ka membrane permeability. Ma ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana haʻahaʻa o nā hui membrane -SH, kōkua ka glutathione e mālama i ka paʻa a me ka hana maʻamau o ka membrane cell [1].
Ka hopena detoxification
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka Glutathione i ke kaʻina detoxification. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i nā meaʻawaʻawa e hana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa a i ʻole nā mea ʻawaʻawa haʻahaʻa, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kā lākou excretion mai ke kino. No ka laʻana, i loko o ke akepaʻa, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka glutathione i nā mea ʻino like ʻole a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma o ka bile a i ʻole ka mimi, e pale ana i nā puʻupaʻa o ka ate mai ka pōʻino o nā toxins. ʻO ka ate ka mea nui detoxification o ke kino o ke kanaka, a he mea koʻikoʻi ke kuleana o ka glutathione.
Ka hopena i ka ʻōnaehana immune
He mau hana koʻikoʻi ʻo Glutathione i nā cell immune. No ka laʻana, i loko o nā macrophages, nā mea pepehi maoli, a me nā pūnaewele T, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka cell, metabolism, hoʻokuʻu cytokine kūpono, hana redox, a me nā pae radical manuahi [3] . He kuleana koʻikoʻi nā cell immune i ka hakakā ʻana i nā pathogens a mālama i ke olakino o ke kino. Hoʻonui ʻo Glutathione i ke kino o ke kino ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hana o kēia mau cell. Hiki i ka Glutathione ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hana redox, hoʻololi i ka profile cytokine i kahi pane Th1-type, a hoʻonui i ka hana o nā lymphocytes T, no laila ke pāʻani nei i kahi kuleana nui i ka hoʻoponopono immune a me ka pale antioxidant [3] . ʻO nā cytokines Th1-type ka mea nui i loko o nā pane palekana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā cell e kūʻē i nā pathogens e like me nā maʻi maʻi, bacteria, a me nā pūnaewele tumo. Hoʻonui ʻo Glutathione i ka hiki ke pale aku i ke kino ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke koena o nā cytokines.
Ka hopena ma ka ʻōnaehana hānau
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ʻo Glutathione i loko o ke kāne a me ka wahine germ cell o nā mammals a i ka wā mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka embryonic. I loko o ke kāne kāne a me ka wahine gametes, pili ka GSH i ka pale ʻana i kēia mau cell mai ka pōʻino oxidative [4] . No ka laʻana, i ka wā o ka spermatogenesis, e emi mālie ka ʻike o ka glutathione, ʻoiai i ka wā o ka oocyte maturation, hoʻoponopono ʻia ka synthesis o ka glutathione e nā gonadotropins, a hoʻololi pū kekahi. Pili pū ʻo Glutathione i ka mālama ʻana i ka morphology o ka spindle meiotic o ka oocyte. Ma hope o ka fertilization, he hana maikaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka pronucleus kāne a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka embryo mua i ka pae blastocyst. Eia kekahi, hoʻokani nui nā cell cumulus i ka synthesis o ka glutathione.
Puna:PubMed [9]
He aha nā mea hoʻohana o Glutathione?
Hoʻohana ʻia i ka maʻi ate ʻona
ʻO ka maʻi ʻawaʻawa ʻawaʻawa (ALD) he maʻi koʻikoʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi oxidative. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona ke hoʻoulu i ke koʻikoʻi oxidative a me ka mumū, e hōʻino ana i nā pūnaʻi ate. ʻO Glutathione (GSH), he tripeptide i haku ʻia me ka γ-glutamylcysteineglycine a loaʻa kahi pūʻulu sulfhydryl, komo i nā hopena redox a ʻo ia ka mea hoʻopale radical manuahi nui i loko o nā cell. I loko o ke ake, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka GSH, akā i nā maʻi me ALD, e emi ana kona pae endogenous, e hoʻonui ana i ke kūlana. Ua hōʻike ʻo GSH i nā hopena maikaʻi i nā maʻi me ALD, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka ate a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona fibrosis [5].
Ke kuleana i ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka ʻelemakule
I loko o kahi randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, ʻekolu-lima aʻo ʻana o nā kumuhana wahine olakino, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka melanin index a me nā kiko ultraviolet ma ka maka a me nā lima o nā mea lawe GSH a i ʻole GSSG ma mua o ka poʻe o ka hui placebo. I kekahi mau wahi, ua emi nui ka wrinkles o nā mea e lawe ana i ka GSH, a ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hui placebo, ua hōʻike ka elasticity ʻili o nā hui GSH a me GSSG i kahi ʻano o ka hoʻonui. Hōʻike kēia haʻawina he hopena maikaʻi ka glutathione i ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka ʻelemakule [6].
Hoʻohana i ka maʻi o Parkinson
ʻO ka maʻi o Parkinson (PD) kahi maʻi neurological. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e loaʻa paha i ka glutathione (GSH) kekahi hopena therapeutic ma PD. Ma o ka ʻimi hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻikepili he nui a me ka meta-analysis, ua ʻike ʻia he ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma ka Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III ma waena o GSH a me ka pūʻulu mana, a he ʻokoʻa nui hoʻi i ka glutathione peroxidase. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā pūʻulu ʻelua ma nā helu UPDRS I a me UPDRS II e like me nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia ka loiloi subgroup i ka hopena (300mg vs. 600mg) kahi mea e pili ana i ka UPDRS III. Hōʻike kēia e hiki i ka GSH ke hoʻomaikaʻi iki i nā helu kaʻa o PD me ka hoʻonui ʻole ʻana i nā hanana ʻino [7].
Hoʻohana i nā maʻi cardiovascular
Ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi cardiovascular
I nā maʻi cardiovascular e like me ka coronary artery occlusion, hypertensive heart disease, a me ka hahau ʻana, nui nā maʻi maʻi cardiovascular e hoʻoulu i kahi kūlana o ke koʻikoʻi oxidative i ko lākou ulu ʻana, e alakaʻi ana i ka deterioration o nā kūlana o nā mea maʻi, e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano oxygen reactive (ROS) a me nā ʻano nitrogen reactive (RNS). ʻO ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka glutathione (GSH), ma ke ʻano he antioxidant koʻikoʻi, hiki ke komo i ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation o kēia mau mea reactive. Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo GSH i loko o ka puʻuwai a me ka ate a he mea nui ia no ka pale ʻana a hōʻemi paha i nā hopena ʻino o ROS i nā maʻi cardiovascular [8].
I nā maʻi cardiovascular
Hoʻopili ʻia nā pae glycine haʻahaʻa me nā maʻi cardiovascular (CVD). Ua ʻike nā haʻawina e hiki i ka glycine deficiency ke hoʻonui i ka ulu ʻana o ka atherosclerosis, ʻoiai hiki i ka glycine supplementation ke hoʻonāwaliwali iā ia. ʻO DT-109, kahi pūhui glycine me nā waiwai lipid-lowering/glucose-lowering ʻelua, he hopena pale koʻikoʻi i ka atherosclerosis. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e pili ana i nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi naʻau coronary, nā ʻiole atherosclerotic, a me nā macrophages e pāʻani ana ka glycine i kahi kuleana pathogenic i ka atherosclerosis, a hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka glycine ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka atherosclerosis ma o ka hopena antioxidant o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka biosynthesis glutathione [9].
Hoʻohana i ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maka
Ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi cataract
I ka ophthalmology, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka glutathione no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā cataracts. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e pili pono ana ka hiki ʻana o ka cataracts i ka pōʻino oxidative i ka lens. Ma ke ʻano he antioxidant, hiki i ka glutathione ke hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka pōʻino oxidative ma nā cell lens a mālama i ka hana maʻamau o ka lens. No ka laʻana, i loko o kahi noiʻi, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kulu maka i loaʻa ka glutathione e mālama i nā maʻi maʻi cataract e hōʻemi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka opacity lens a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike i kekahi ʻano [10].
Ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka retinopathy
ʻO ka Retinopathy he maʻi maka maʻamau, a ua pili kona hanana i nā mea e like me ke kaumaha oxidative a me ka pane inflammatory. Hiki iā Glutathione, ma o kāna hopena antioxidant, e hoʻemi i ka pōʻino oxidative o ka ʻiʻo retinal, keʻakeʻa i ka pane inflammatory, a pēlā e pale ai i nā cell retinal. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka glutathione ke hoʻoikaika i ka hana metabolic o nā cell retinal a hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono ponoʻī o ka retina [10].
Hoʻohana ʻia i nā maʻi sclerosis lehulehu
I ka nui o ka sclerosis, pili ka degeneration neuronal i ke kaumaha oxidative. ʻO Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) kahi koho lapaʻau waha kūpono a ua hōʻoia ʻia e hōʻemi i ka hana maʻi a me ka holomua ʻana i nā maʻi me ka relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Hiki i ka DMF ke ho'āla i ka transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka synthesis o ka cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) nui a he hopena neuroprotective koʻikoʻi i vitro. Ua ʻike nā haʻawina e hoʻoulu ʻo DMF i ka glutathione reductase (GSR), e hoʻonui ana i ka hana hou ʻana o ka glutathione ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka GSR [6].
Hoʻohana i ka maʻi o Alzheimer
I ka maʻi o Alzheimer, ua manaʻo ʻia ka amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka maʻi o Alzheimer (AD). ʻO ka Ferroptosis kahi mīkini make oxidative cell hou e pili ana i ka AD. He pōmaikaʻi ʻo Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ke aʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana ma AD a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻiole kahiko. Ua ʻike nā haʻawina e kūʻē ʻo TSG i ka make neurotoxic o nā pūnaewele nerve i hana ʻia e Aβ ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā protein pili i ka ferroptosis a me nā enzymes i loko o nā ʻiole APP / PS1, hoʻēmi i ke kaumaha oxidative cellular a me ka pōʻino inflammatory, a hāpai i ka hoʻāla ʻana o nā ala hōʻailona GSH / GPX4 / ROS a me Keap1 / Nrf2 / ARE. Eia kekahi, hoʻemi ʻo TSG i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā māka e pili ana i ka ferroptosis a hoʻonui i ka hiki ke kū i ke kaumaha oxidative [11].
Hoʻoponopono kōkua no nā maʻi hanu
ʻO ka lāʻau kōkua no ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi (COPD)
No nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi, ʻo ka mumū o ke ea a me ke koʻikoʻi oxidative nā mea nui e alakaʻi i ka holomua o ka maʻi. Hiki i ka Glutathione ke hōʻemi i ka ʻeha o ke ea a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hanu ma o kāna hopena antioxidant. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i nā radical manuahi ma ke alaloa, e hōʻemi i ka pōʻino o ke koʻikoʻi oxidative i nā epithelial cell airway, a pēlā e hoʻomaha ai i ka mumū o ke ea. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka glutathione ke hoʻoponopono i ka hana immune a hoʻonui i ke kū'ē o ke kino i nā pathogens [12].
Hoʻohana ʻia i nā maʻi mokupuni
I nā maʻi me nā maʻi islet a me nā maʻi maʻi diabetes serum, ua loiloi ʻia ka glutathione reductase a me ka glutathione peroxidase. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina i loko o kēia maʻi, hiki ke pili ka imbalance i ka ratio o nā oxidants i nā antioxidants i ke kūlana [13].
Ma ke ʻano he pūhui tripeptide i haku ʻia me ka glutamic acid, cysteine, a me ka glycine, hoʻokani ʻo glutathione i nā ʻano hana koʻikoʻi i loko o nā meaola, e like me ka antioxidant activity, detoxification, immune regulation, and influence on the reproductive system. Mai kona ʻike ʻia ʻana, me ka hohonu o ka noiʻi ʻana, ua hōʻike mau ʻia kāna waiwai noi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e hōʻike ana i nā hopena maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi ka maʻi ʻawaʻawa, ka maʻi Parkinson, nā maʻi cardiovascular, a me nā maʻi maka. ʻOiai ʻo nā hana o kekahi mau noi a me nā kikoʻī o kona hopena i kekahi mau maʻi e hoʻomau ʻia e ʻimi hou ʻia, he mea nui ka glutathione i ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino o ke kino a me ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi.
No ka mea kakau
ʻO nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei ua noiʻi ʻia, hoʻoponopono ʻia a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e Cocer Peptides.
Mea kākau moʻolelo ʻepekema
He kanaka noiʻi koʻikoʻi ʻo Rom O i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻoihana hanohano, me ka Louisiana State University Health Science Center ma Shreveport, Louisiana State University System, University of Pittsburgh, a me ke Kulanui o Michigan. Ua hui pū ʻia kāna hana me nā hui kaulana e like me Lsuhs Shreveport a me Michigan Med, e hōʻike ana i kona komo ʻana i nā ʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao a me nā ʻoihana olakino.
Loaʻa nā makemake noiʻi o Rom O ma kahi ākea o nā ʻano kumuhana. Aia kona ʻike ma nā kahua o ka Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Hematology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, a me Gastroenterology & Hepatology. Me kahi ʻoihana e pili ana i kēia mau wahi paʻakikī o ke aʻo ʻana, ua kōkua ʻo ia i ka holomua o ka ʻike a me ka ʻike i kēia mau lālā koʻikoʻi o ka ʻepekema lapaʻau.
