CagriSema 10mg (Okugatta) .

▎ Semaglutid kye ki?

Semaglutid, nga glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist ekola okumala ebbanga, ebadde ekozesebwa nnyo mu kujjanjaba obulwadde bwa sukaali obw’ekika eky’okubiri. Nga ekoppa emirimu gy’omubiri egya GLP-1 ey’obutonde, eddagala lino lisitula enkola eziwera ez’okulungamya enkyukakyuka mu mubiri oluvannyuma lw’okukola ekirungo kya GLP-1, omuli okutumbula okufulumya insulini eyeesigama ku glucose, okuziyiza okufulumya glucagon, okulwawo kw’omutindo gw’okufulumya amazzi mu lubuto, n’ekikolwa eky’okuziyiza okwagala okulya mu makkati, bwe kityo ne kituuka ku kikolwa eky’okukwatagana eky’okufuga obulungi glucose mu musaayi emitendera n’okuddukanya obuzito. Enkola yaayo ey’enjawulo ey’okutambuza eddagala gigiwa ekitundu ky’obulamu okutuuka ku nnaku 7, nga ewagira enkola y’okukuba empiso wansi w’olususu omulundi gumu buli wiiki oba engeri y’okugiwa mu kamwa buli lunaku, ekirongoosa ennyo obumanyirivu bw’obujjanjabi bw’abalwadde n’okulongoosa okugoberera eddagala.

Ebiwandiiko ebikwata ku kugezesebwa mu malwaliro biraga nti semaglutide esobola okukendeeza ennyo ku mutindo gwa glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) okutuuka ku bitundu 1.8%, era ebiseera by’okukendeera kwa sukaali bitono nnyo, ekigiwa enkizo ey’enjawulo mu kuddukanya glucose mu musaayi. Okugatta ku ekyo, eddagala lino erikuuma emisuwa gy’omutima likakasiddwa mu bujjuvu, ekiyinza okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’ebintu ebinene ebizibu ebiva mu misuwa n’emisuwa ebitundu 26%, ne kiwa emigaso emirala egy’obujjanjabi eri abalwadde ba ssukaali abalina endwadde z’emisuwa. Ng’oggyeeko okujjanjaba obulwadde bwa sukaali, semaglutide esobola okukozesebwa mu kuddukanya omugejjo okumala ebbanga eddene era eraga omugaso oguyinza okujjanjaba mu kunoonyereza okw’obujjanjabi ku ndwadde nga obulwadde bw’ekibumba obutali bwa mwenge n’obulwadde bwa Alzheimer.

Enkola eno ey’obujjanjabi ey’ebigendererwa ebingi eyesigamiziddwa ku GLP-1 receptor activation tekoma ku kulongoosa mu bujjuvu ebipimo by’enkyukakyuka y’emmere nga elongoosa insulin sensitivity, okuziyiza glucagon okuyitiridde okufuluma, n’okulungamya central energy balance center, naye era etuwa enkola ey’obujjanjabi obuyiiya ey’okuddukanya enzijuvu endwadde ezitawona ez’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri okuyita mu cardiovascular protective effect n’emigaso egiyinza okuva mu central nervous system. Obusobozi bwayo obw’okukozesa mu bitundu by’endwadde eziwera byongera okukakasa ekifo ekikulu ekya GLP-1 receptor agonists ng’enkola enkulu ey’obujjanjabi mu ddagala ly’omulembe ery’okukyusakyusa emmere.

▎ Mu bufunze

Okugatta Cagrilintide ne Semaglutid (Cagrisema) kulaga ebikolwa eby’amaanyi eby’okukwatagana mu kujjanjaba omugejjo ne sukaali ow’ekika eky’okubiri. Obujjanjabi buno obw’omugatte butuuka ku kulungamya okw’enjawulo okw’okwagala okulya, enkyukakyuka ya glucose mu musaayi, n’okuddukanya obuzito nga mu kiseera kye kimu etunuulira ebitundu ebikwata amylin ne GLP-1. Cagrilintide etereeza okuyita mu kulwawo okufulumya amazzi mu lubuto n’okulungamya okukkuta mu makkati, ate Semaglutid aziyiza okufulumya glucagon n’okutumbula okufulumya insulini. Enkola y’okukwatagana kw’ebintu bino byombi eyongera nnyo ku bikolwa by’okugejja n’okufuga glucose mu musaayi.

Ebiwandiiko ebikwata ku kugezesebwa mu bujjanjabi biraga nti Cagrisema (okugatta Cagrilintide 2.4mg ne Semaglutid 2.4mg) kiviirako okugejja kwa wakati wa 9.07% (okugejja okutuufu okwa kkiro 9.11) mu kiseera ky’obujjanjabi ekya wiiki 20 okutuuka ku 32, nga kino kirungi nnyo okusinga enkola y’obujjanjabi ey’okukozesa Semaglutid 2.4m omulundi gumu mu wiiki yekka ^[1] . Mu kugezesebwa okw’obujjanjabi okwamala wiiki 32, mu bifo ebingi, mu bifo bibiri, mu mutendera ogw’okubiri, okugejja kw’abalwadde abajjanjabwa ne CagriSema kwali kunene nnyo okusinga kw’abalwadde abajjanjabwa ne Semaglutid oba Cagrilintide yokka. 

Okugejja mu kibinja kya CagriSema kwali -15.6%, mu kibinja kya Semaglutid kwali -5.1%, ate mu kibinja kya Cagrilintide kwali -8.1% ^[2] . Okugatta ku ekyo, Cagrisema era ekola bulungi mu kukendeeza ku glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) n’okulongoosa ebiraga akabi k’emisuwa gy’omutima, ate ng’akabi k’okukendeera kwa sukaali mu musaayi mutono nnyo. Okuyita mu nkola ey’ebigendererwa ebingi, enkola eno ey’obujjanjabi obw’omugatte tekoma ku kulongoosa bipimo bya mubiri naye era ekendeeza nnyo ku bulabe bw’ebintu ebibaawo mu misuwa gy’omutima, n’ewa enkola ey’obujjanjabi enzijuvu eri abalwadde abagejjulukuka ne sukaali ow’ekika eky’okubiri.

Ebikwata ku Muwandiisi

Ebintu ebyogeddwako waggulu byonna binoonyerezeddwako, birongooseddwa era ne bikung’aanyizibwa kkampuni ya Cocer Peptides.

▎Ebiwandiiko Ebikwatagana

[1] Dutta D, Nagendra L, Harish BG, n’abalala. Obulung’amu n’obukuumi bwa Cagrilintide yokka era nga egattibwa wamu ne Semaglutid (Cagrisema) ng’eddagala eriweweeza ku mugejjo: Okwekenenya okutegekeddwa n’okwekenneenya okutambula[J]. Ekitabo ky’Abayindi eky’eby’obutonde n’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri, 2024,28:436-444.DOI:10.4103/ijem.ijem_45_24.

[2] Frias JP, Deenadayalan S, Erichsen L, n’abalala. Obulung’amu n’obukuumi bwa cagrilintide 2·4 mg eweebwa wamu omulundi gumu buli wiiki ne semaglutide 2·4 mg omulundi gumu buli wiiki mu ssukaali ow’ekika eky’okubiri: okugezesebwa okwa multicentre, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 2 trial[J]. Lancet, 2023,402 (10403): 720-730.DOI: 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (23) 01163-7.

EBINTU BYONNNA N’AMAWULIRE GW’EBINTU EBIweereddwa KU MUTINDO GUNO BIKOZESEBWA KU KUSASANYA AMAWULIRE N’EBIKOLWA BY’OKUSOMESA.  

Ebintu ebiweereddwa ku mukutu guno bigendereddwamu kunoonyereza mu kisenge (in vitro research) byokka. Okunoonyereza mu vitro (Olulattini: *mu ndabirwamu*, ekitegeeza mu bikozesebwa mu ndabirwamu) kukolebwa ebweru w’omubiri gw’omuntu. Ebintu bino si bya ddagala, tebikkiriziddwa kitongole kya Amerika ekivunaanyizibwa ku by’emmere n’eddagala (FDA), era tebirina kukozesebwa kuziyiza, kujjanjaba oba kuwonya mbeera yonna ya bujjanjabi, bulwadde oba bulwadde. Kikugirwa nnyo mu mateeka okuyingiza ebintu bino mu mubiri gw’omuntu oba ebisolo mu ngeri yonna.