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1 kits (10 Vials)
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▎ Tsarin HMG
Source: PubChem |
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta: C 9H 18O Nauyin Kwayoyin Halitta: 142.24 g/mol Lambar CAS: 61489-71-2 Takardar bayanai:2188462 Synonyms: Menopausal Dan Adam Gonadotrophin; 6,6-dimethylheptanal; Menotrophin; Menotropin |
▎ Binciken HMG
Menene asalin bincike na HMG?
Haɓaka Ka'idar Endocrine Farko na Haihuwa
A ƙarshen karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20, masana kimiyya a hankali sun fahimci muhimmiyar rawar da tsarin endocrin ke da shi wajen daidaita ayyukan ilimin halittar ɗan adam. Tare da zurfin nazarin ilimin ilimin halittar haihuwa, mutane sun fara fahimtar cewa gonadotropins da glandon pituitary ya ɓoye yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka gonads da ayyukan haihuwa. Wannan ya kafa tushen ka'idar don ganowa da bincike na HMG na gaba.
Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na HMG
A cikin shekarun 1930, masu bincike sun gano cewa fitsarin matan da suka shude yana dauke da wani abu da zai iya inganta ci gaban gonads. A wancan lokacin, ta hanyar nazarin halittu, an lura cewa allurar fitsarin matan da suka shude a cikin dabbobin gwaji na iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin gonads na dabbobi. Wannan binciken ya fara bincike kan abubuwan gonadotropin a cikin fitsarin matan da suka shude.
Bayan shekaru na bincike da haɓaka dabarun tsarkakewa, sai a shekarun 1950 ne masana kimiyya suka sami nasarar ware sinadarin tare da aikin gonadotropin daga fitsarin matan da suka shude kuma suka sanya masa suna Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (HMG).
Tushen HMG
HMG an fi samunsa ne daga fitsarin matan da suka shude. Bayan menopause, aikin ovarian na mata ya ragu, kuma zubar da isrogen yana raguwa. Ra'ayin mummunan sakamako akan hypothalamus-pituitary axis yana raunana, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin ƙwayar gonadotropins ta hanyar glandon pituitary, ciki har da Hormone-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) da Luteinizing Hormone (LH). Ana fitar da waɗannan sinadarai a cikin fitsari ta hanyar koda. Don haka, ana iya fitar da HMG kuma a tsarkake shi daga fitsarin matan da suka shude.
Binciken Zurfin Zurfin Buƙatun Clinical Ke Ƙarfafawa
Tare da zurfafa fahimtar HMG, ƙimar aikace-aikacen sa na asibiti a hankali ya bayyana. A wancan lokacin, akwai da yawa cututtuka na haifuwa lalacewa ta hanyar hypogonadism a cikin aikin asibiti, kamar ciwon ovulation mace da namiji hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Bayyanar HMG ya ba da sabuwar hanyar magani ga waɗannan cututtuka.
Menene tsarin aikin HMG?
Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa:
Haɓaka Ci gaban Hankali:
HMG ya ƙunshi Folicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) da Luteinizing Hormone (LH). FSH tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a farkon matakin ci gaban follicular. Yana iya tayar da ɓangarorin primordial follicles a cikin ovary su haɓaka zuwa ɓangarorin farko, kuma su ƙara haɓaka zuwa ƙananan follicles da balagagge follicles. Ta hanyar ɗaure masu karɓa a kan ƙwayoyin granulosa na follicles, FSH yana kunna hanyar siginar siginar intracellular, yana inganta yaduwar kwayar halitta da bambance-bambance, kuma yana ƙara haɓakar isrogen a cikin follicles. Tushen isrogen, bi da bi, yana haɓaka bayyanar masu karɓar FSH, suna samar da ingantacciyar hanyar amsawa wanda ke ƙara haɓaka haɓaka da haɓakar sel [1]..
Tsara Ma'auni na Girman Hannu:
LH yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a mataki na gaba na ci gaban follicular. Yana ɗaure ga masu karɓa akan sel theca na follicles kuma yana motsa kira na androgens. Androgens an canza su zuwa estrogen a cikin sel granulosa, suna ƙara haɓaka girma da girma na follicles. Bangaren LH a cikin HMG na iya daidaita rabon FSH da LH, kiyaye ma'auni na haɓakar follicular, da kuma guje wa wuce gona da iri ko ƙarancin kuzari [1].
Haɗa Ovulation:
Haɗa Tsarin Ovulation:
Lokacin da follicles suka girma, ɓangaren LH a cikin HMG zai iya haifar da tsarin ovulation. Kololuwar LH zai haifar da fashewar bangon follicular da sakin ƙwai masu girma. Har ila yau, LH na iya inganta samuwar corpus luteum, wanda ke ɓoye progesterone, yana samar da yanayi mai dacewa don dasa ƙwan da aka haifa da farkon ci gaban amfrayo [1]..
Gudanar da Tsarin Endocrine:
Tasiri Matakan Hormone:
HMG yana rinjayar matakan hormone a jikin mata ta hanyar daidaita aikin ovarian. Yana iya ƙara fitowar estrogen, progesterone, androgens, kuma waɗannan hormones suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin haihuwa na mata, kasusuwa, tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, da sauransu. progesterone na iya kula da ciki da kuma daidaita yanayin al'ada, da dai sauransu [1]..
Tsarin Ka'idojin Ra'ayoyin:
Ka'idar tsarin endocrin ta HMG kuma ya ƙunshi tsarin ka'idojin amsawa. Lokacin da matakan hormone a cikin jiki ya karu, za a hana hypothalamus da glandon pituitary daga ɓoyewar Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH), FSH, da LH ta hanyar mummunan ra'ayi, don haka daidaita matakan siginar hormone da kiyaye ma'auni na tsarin endocrine [1].
Matsakaicin lokacin allurar hormones da gano estrus a cikin rukunin da aka yi nazari.
Source:PubMed [3]
Menene aikace-aikacen HMG?
1. Rashin Haihuwar Mata da ke da alaƙa da Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism na Idiopathic (IHH)
Ana iya amfani da HMG don magance rashin haihuwa na mace da IHH ke haifarwa. Ta hanyar samar da FSH da LH, HMG na iya haifar da ci gaban follicular da ovulation, don haka taimaka wa marasa lafiya samun ciki na halitta ko ciki ta hanyar taimakon fasahar haihuwa. Ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su amsa da kyau ga nau'in HMG na al'ada, ana iya la'akari da yin amfani da babban kashi na HMG ko hade tare da wasu magunguna (kamar letrozole) don haɓaka amsawar follicular [2]..
2. Maganin Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR)
Ga matan da ke da raguwar ajiyar kwai, HMG na iya haɓaka haɓakar follicular ta hanyar samar da babban taro na FSH, don haka ƙara damar samun ciki.
3. Rigakafi da Gudanar da Ciwon hawan jini na Ovarian (OHSS)
A cikin fasahar haihuwa da aka taimaka, yin amfani da HMG yana buƙatar yin taka tsantsan don guje wa faruwar Ciwon Haihuwar Ovarian (OHSS). Ta hanyar daidaita kashi da lura da ci gaban follicular, ana iya rage haɗarin OHSS yadda ya kamata.
4. Maganin Rashin Haihuwar Namiji
HMG ya ƙunshi Folicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) da Luteinizing Hormone (LH). Matsayin FSH da yake bayarwa zai iya haɓaka girma da haɓakar tubules na seminiferous a cikin gwajin jini kuma yana haɓaka spermatogenesis. FSH yana aiki akan sel Sertoli a cikin gwajin jini, yana haɓaka sel Sertoli don ɓoye furotin mai ɗaure androgen, yana haɓaka haɓakar androgens a cikin gwajin jini, da samar da yanayi mai dacewa don spermatogenesis. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) yana kwaikwayon rawar LH kuma yana ƙarfafa ƙwayoyin Leydig a cikin gwaji don ɓoye testosterone. Testosterone yana daya daga cikin mahimman kwayoyin halittar jima'i a cikin maza kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye halayen jima'i na biyu na namiji da aikin spermatogenic. Babban taro na testosterone zai iya inganta maturation da sakin maniyyi. Haɗuwa da amfani da HMG da Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) na iya kwaikwayi tasirin yanayin FSH da LH a cikin jiki da haɓaka haɓakar spermatogenesis. Wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwa na iya ƙara yawan matakan hormone jima'i a cikin ɗigon jini, inganta yanayin spermatogenic, da kuma ƙara yawa da ingancin maniyyi.
5. Aikace-aikace a Taimakon Fasahar Haihuwa
Inganta Superovulation:
Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa a cikin ka'idar superovulation don tumaki, allurar HMG sau ɗaya a rana da kuma allurar Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) sau biyu a rana har tsawon kwanaki huɗu na iya haifar da kwatankwacin martanin superovulation da sakamakon canja wurin amfrayo [1] . Wannan yana nufin cewa HMG na iya maye gurbin FSH kuma ya rage adadin alluran, yana ba da zaɓi mai yiwuwa don ka'idar superovulation na dabbobi.
A cikin fasahar haihuwa da ɗan adam ke taimakawa, HMG kuma ana amfani dashi sosai don haɓaka kwai. By stimulating ci gaban follicles a cikin ovary, yana ƙara yawan balagagge qwai da kuma inganta damar da ciki.
Ƙaddamar da Estrus:
A cikin tumaki na Awassi, yin amfani da HMG don ƙaddamar da estrus yana nuna ƙimar estrus mafi girma da kuma yawan ciki idan aka kwatanta da Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) [3] . Musamman, yawan amsawar estrus a cikin rukunin jiyya na HMG shine 85% (17/20), kuma adadin ciki shine 85% (17/20). Wannan yana nuna cewa HMG yana da babban nasara a cikin shirin daidaita estrus na tumaki.
HMG shine maɓalli na gonadotropin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin maganin rashin haihuwa na namiji, takamaiman nau'in rashin haihuwa na mace, da taimakon fasahar haihuwa. Babban aikinsa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin ƙara haɓaka Hormone na Folicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) da Luteinizing Hormone (LH) don sake gina ma'aunin hormonal a cikin jiki, ta haka yana haɓaka haɓakar follicular, ovulation, da spermatogenesis. Wannan tsari yana taimakawa wajen daidaita ayyukan tsarin haihuwa ta hanyar kwaikwayon yanayin yanayin hormonal na jikin mutum, musamman ma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimakawa fasahar haihuwa.
Game da Marubuci
Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama duk bincike ne, gyara su kuma Cocer Peptides ne suka haɗa su.
Mawallafin Jaridar Kimiyya
Zhang J mai bincike ne da ke da alaƙa da jami'ar aikin gona ta Hebei. Ayyukansa sun mayar da hankali kan Kimiyyar Dabbobi, Aikin Noma, Biology na Haihuwa, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, da Genetics & Herdity. Ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga waɗannan fagage ta hanyar bincike da ayyukan ilimi. An jera Zhang J a cikin ambaton ambaton [1].
