SS31 30mg

▎ SS-31 ƒe Dɔwɔɖoɖo

▎ SS-31 Numekuku

Nukae nye numekuku si wowɔ le SS-31 ŋu?

SS-31 nye opioid peptide si woɖe tso pheromone peptide me. Woke ɖe eŋu gbã le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ŋuti numekuku siwo wowɔ le pheromone peptide ŋu me, si ɖea vevesesenutsitike sesẽwo kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe lãkusi ƒe gege ɖe lãme nyuie fiana, si wɔnɛ be wode dzesi mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant peptide SS-311. Eƒe numekuku ƒe gɔmedzedze hã do ƒome kplikplikpli kple numekuku siwo wowɔ tso dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple mitochondria ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ŋu. Abe lãmenugbagbevi ƒe 'ŋusẽdɔwɔƒe' ene la, mitochondrial ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie do ƒome kple dɔléle vovovowo ƒe gɔmedzedze kple woƒe ŋgɔyiyi, abe ischemia-reperfusion injury, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, dzi ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, kple lãmekawo ƒe tsitsi, siwo katã do ƒome kple oxidative stress si tso free radical ƒe wɔwɔ fũ gbɔ. SS-31 ɖea oxidative stress dzi kpɔtɔna nyuie eye wòkpɔa mitochondrial ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ta.

Nukae nye SS-31 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu?

Membrane ƒe anyigba ƒe elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nɔnɔmewo dzi kpɔkpɔ: 

SS-31 wɔa dɔ kple mitochondrial membrane, si trɔa elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nɔnɔme siwo le membrane la ƒe anyime be wòakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ions kple protein veviwo ƒe mama dzi le membrane ƒe domedome. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be SS-31 ateŋu atrɔ divalent cations ƒe mama le membrane interface nuto me, si ana mitochondrial calcium stress ƒe ŋusẽ ƒe agba dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ eye wòalé mitochondrial membrane ƒe liƒo me ɖe asi ^[1,2]..

Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe ami ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ dzi: 

Peptide sia ate ŋu ana tɔtrɔ siwo woate ŋu atrɔ le ami ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me nava. Togbɔ be megblẽa nu le bilayer ƒe liƒo ŋu le kadodo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ gã me o hã la, ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ siwo do ƒome kple mitochondrial membrane, abe membrane protein ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple membrane fluidity ene dzi le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu, si ana wòakpɔ ŋusẽ nyui ɖe mitochondrial ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ^[1,2]..

Mɔxexe ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo nu: 

Le numekuku siwo ku ɖe dɔlékuiwutikewo ŋu me la, wokpɔe be SS-31 ɖea dɔdzẽ ƒe nusiwo abe interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), kple tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) dzi kpɔtɔna, si wɔnɛ be wòɖea nusiwo dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ɖe lãmekawo kple ŋutinuwo ŋu hena vɛ dzi kpɔtɔna ^[3]..

Oxidative stress dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ: 

SS-31 ate ŋu ana antioxidant enzymes abe superoxide dismutase (SOD) kple glutathione peroxidase ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, aɖe oxidative products abe malondialdehyde (MDA) ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòaɖe reactive oxygen species (ROS) ƒe wɔwɔ dzi akpɔtɔ, si ana wòaɖe nusiwo oxidative stress hena vɛ na lãmenugbagbeviwo kple lãkusiwo dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòakpɔ mitochondria kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ta ^{[3] .} .

Mitochondria ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi dzi kpɔkpɔ: 

Le numekuku siwo wowɔ tso tagbɔdɔléle si do ƒome kple dɔlékuiwutikewo ŋu me la, SS-31 ate ŋu axe mɔ na protein siwo do ƒome kple mitochondrial fission abe dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũ akpa, aɖe mitochondrial fission si gbɔ eme dzi akpɔtɔ, alé mitochondrial ƒe nɔnɔme kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ɖe te, eye wòato esia me ana susu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi ^[4]. .

Nɔnɔmetata 1. Szeto-Schiller-31 (SS-31) ƒe ƒuƒoƒo kple antioxidant mɔnu ^{[5] .}.

Dzɔtsoƒe: MDPI

Nukae nye SS-31 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple eƒe dɔwɔwɔ?

Dɔwɔwɔwo

Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ametakpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo: 

Le ARPE-19 lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe oxidative stress damage model si hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) hena vɛ me la, SS-31 ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe agbetsitsi nadzi ɖe edzi, aɖe ROS si le lãmenugbagbeviwo me dzi akpɔtɔ, alé mitochondrial membrane ƒe ŋutete me ɖe asi, eye wòaɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ku ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi akpɔtɔ, si aɖe ametakpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi veviwo afia ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo oxidative stress gblẽ nu le ŋu.

Ŋutinuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nyonyo  

Dzi: Le lãwo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu siwo wowɔ le dzitodzito me ʋu ƒe sisi-gbugbɔ ʋudodo ƒe abi ŋu me la, SS-31 zazã do ŋgɔ hafi wodo ʋu na ame ɖe dzitodzito me ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe lolome dzi kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, eye eƒe dɔwɔwɔ do ƒome nyuie kple dzitodzito me ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe sesẽme; le ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe ɣeyiɣia me la, SS-31 ɖe afisi tsi metona le dzitodzito ƒe akpa si me ʋu sina fũu o dzi kpɔtɔ eye wòna dzitodzito me ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe dzɔdzɔ kple eƒe sesẽme nyo ɖe edzi. Le dzitodzito ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie si dɔlékuiwutike hena vɛ me la, SS-31 ate ŋu agbugbɔ dzitodzito ƒe nɔnɔme ƒe gbegblẽ aɖo anyi, axe mɔ ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo nu, ana dzitodzito ƒe ŋusẽ ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, alé mitochondrial membrane ƒe ŋutete me ɖe asi, eye wòakpɔ dzia ta tso nusiwo gblẽ me ^[3]..

Aklã: SS-31 ate ŋu aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ʋuʋu kple ʋuʋudedi si le lãkusi me dzi akpɔtɔ, aɖe lãkusi ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋuti dzesiwo dzi akpɔtɔ, aɖɔ dɔdzẽ ƒe nusiwo do ƒome kple oxidative stress-siwo do ƒome kple oxidative stress ƒe dzesiwo ɖo, eye wòana abi si nu sẽ le lãkusi me nanyo ɖe edzi.

Ahɔhɔ̃: SS-31 dodo ɖe dɔgboa me atraɖii ate ŋu ana susu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple agbetsitsi nanyo ɖe edzi le sisiblisiwo me, aɖe hippocampal ƒe dɔdzẽ, ROS wɔwɔ, kple mitochondria ƒe mama fũ dzi akpɔtɔ. Le sisiblisi tsitsi ƒe kpɔɖeŋu me la, SS-31 dɔdamɔnu naa tɔtrɔwo vaa ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe ʋuka suewo ƒe proteome me, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe protein siwo do ƒome kple mitochondrial ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi, eye wòkpɔa ŋusẽ aɖe ɖe ʋuka suewo ƒe tɔtrɔ siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi le ahɔhɔ̃a me dzi ^[4,6]..

Dɔbiagbalẽviwo

Dzitodzito me dɔlélewo: 

Ne míebu eƒe ametakpɔkpɔ tso dzitodzito me ʋu ƒe sisi-gbugbɔgade ƒe abi kple dzitodzito ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie si sepsis hena vɛ ŋu ta la, asixɔxɔ si woate ŋu azã le SS-31 ŋu le dzitodzito me dɔlélewo nu tsitsi kple wo dada me, eye woate ŋu atoe vɛ abe atike yeye aɖe si woatsɔ ada nɔnɔmewo abe dzitodzito me ʋu ƒe sisi kple dzitodzito me dɔléle si tso dɔlékuiwutikewo gbɔ ene ^{[3] .}.

Aklãdɔlélewo: 

Le abi si nu sẽ le lãkusi me si dɔlékuiwutikewo hena vɛ gome la, SS-31 ate ŋu anye atikewɔmɔnu nyui aɖe to dɔdzẽ kple oxidative stress dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me, si ana lãkusi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi eye wòana atike yeyewo dɔnɔ siwo xɔ abi vevie le lãkusi me.

Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔlélewo: 

Le tagbɔdɔléle si do ƒome kple dɔlékuiwutikewo kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi me la, SS-31 ɖe ŋutete si le esi be wòana susu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi la fia, si fia be ŋutete le esi be wòatsi le ahɔhɔ̃medɔlélewo abe Alzheimer ƒe dɔléle kple dɔlékuiwutikewo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie le dɔlékuiwutikewo megbe ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie dada me ^[4,6]..

Ʋukawo ƒe ʋuʋu: 

Le eƒe atikewɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe ApoE domenyiŋusẽfianu-knockout atherosclerotic rats dzi ta la, ŋutete le SS-31 ŋu be woazãe le ʋuka me dɔlélewo dada me to oxidative stress dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ kple dɔlélea ƒe ŋgɔyiyi blewu me.

Nyanuwuwuw

Kpuie ko la, SS-31 nye mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant peptide si ɖɔa membrane surface electrostatic nɔnɔmewo ɖo, xea mɔ na dɔdzẽ, ɖea oxidative stress dzi kpɔtɔna, eye wònaa mitochondria ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyona ɖe edzi. Ekpɔa ŋutinuwo abe dzi, lãkusi, kple ahɔhɔ̃ ene ta, eɖea abi si woxɔna le ʋuka me ʋu ƒe sisi ake kple nusiwo gblẽ le dɔlékuiwutikewo ŋu dzi kpɔtɔna, ehea lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ɖe megbe, eye wòkpɔa atikewɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi aɖewo le dzitodzito, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo, kple ŋutilã ƒe dɔléle bubuwo, kpakple ʋukawo ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe mɔxexe ɖe enu kple wo dada me.

Le Agbalẽŋlɔla La Ŋu

Nusiwo míeyɔ ɖe etame la katã nye esiwo ŋu Cocer Peptides wɔ numekuku le, trɔ asi le wo ŋu eye woƒo wo nu ƒu.

Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe Agbalẽŋlɔla

Broome, Sophie C do ƒome kple Australia Katoliko Yunivɛsiti kple Auckland Yunivɛsiti. Eƒe numekukua ku ɖe nu vovovowo ŋu, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye Kamedefefeŋutinunya, Lãmesẽŋutinunya, Nuɖuɖu & Nuɖuɖuŋutinunya, Nu gbagbewo ƒe Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya & Molecular Biology, kple Neurosciences & Neurology. Eku nu me le ŋusẽ si kamedede kpɔna ɖe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple lãmesẽ dzi ŋu, eye wòdzroa ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple tɔtrɔ ɖe kamedede ŋu me. Broome ku ƒomedodo si le nunyiame kple lãmesẽ dome hã me, kple alesi wozãa nugbagbeŋutinunya kple molecule biology le kamedede ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me. Dɔ si wòwɔ le ahɔhɔ̃ŋutinunya kple ahɔhɔ̃ŋutinunya me gadzi míaƒe gɔmesese ɖe edzi le lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dɔléle siwo do ƒome kplii ŋu, si na míekpɔ nukpɔsusu kple nuwɔna ŋuti gɔmesese veviwo le kamedefefeŋutinunya kple lãmesẽ ŋuti numekukuwo ŋu. Woŋlɔ Broome, Sophie C ŋkɔ ɖe nyayɔyɔ ƒe nyatakaka me [5].

▎ Nyayɔyɔ Siwo Sɔ

[1] Mitchell W, Ng E. A., Tamucci J. D., kple ame bubuwo. Mitochondria-targeted peptide SS-31 blaa lipid bilayers eye wòtrɔa asi le anyigbadzi elektrikŋusẽ ŋu abe eƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ene[J]. Nu gbagbewo ƒe Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya ƒe Agbalẽ, 2020,295 (21): 7452-7469.DOI: 10.1074 / jbc.RA119.012094.

[2] Mitchell W, Ng E. A., Tamucci J. D., kple ame bubuwo. Molecular Mechanism of Action of Mitochondrial Therapeutic SS-31 (Elamipretide): Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kadodo kple ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe anyigba dzi elektrikŋusẽ dzi[J]. Biorxiv, 2019. DOI: 10.1101/735001.

[3] Liu Y, Yang W, Sun X, kple ame bubuwo. SS31 Ðea Dzi ƒe Nuveviwɔame Si Sepsis Hena Dzi Ðe Edzi To Oxidative Nuteɖeamedzi Kple Dzoxɔxɔ Nu Xexe Me[J]. Dzoxɔxɔ, 2019, 42 (6): 2170-2180.DOI: 10.1007 / s10753-019-01081-3.

[4] Zhong L, Ren X, Ai Y, kple ame bubuwo. SS-31 Naa Sidzedze ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ nyona ɖe edzi le Tagbɔdɔléle si Do Ƒome Kple Sepsis Me To Drp1-NLRP3 Inflammasome Dɔwɔwɔ Nu Xexe Me[J]. Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Atikewɔwɔ, 2023, 25 (2): 230-241. DOI:10.1007/s12017-022-08730-1.

[5] Broome SC, Woodhead JST, Merry T L. Mitochondria-Taɖodzinu Antioxidants kple Ƒumelãwo ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ[J]. Antioxidants, 2018,7 (8},NYA-XEXLẼME = {107).DOI: 10.3390 / antiox7080107.

[6] Rutkai I, Seman A, Chandra P, kple ame bubuwo. Viɖe siwo SS-31 wɔna ɖe mice tsitsiwo ƒe ahɔhɔ̃meka suewo dzi[J]. Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya, 2023,38.DOI: 10.1152 / ŋutilãŋutinunya.2023.38.S1.5734232.

NYATAKAKAWO KPLE NUSIWO WOTSƆ ƑE NYATAKAKA SIWO KAtã WOÐO LE NYATAKAKADZRAÐOƑE SIA ME LA KPLE NYATAKAKAWO kaka KPLEE NUFIAFIA ƑE TAÐOÐOWO KO.  

Wotrɔ asi le atike siwo wona le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu na numekuku le vitro ɖeɖeko. Wowɔa nɔɖeamedzi nyuiwo afia le dzitodzitowo takpɔkpɔ, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo takpɔkpɔ, kple akpa bubuwo me. Eƒe vevienyenye keke ta wu gbesiagbe lãmesẽ me léle ɖe asi ko, elabena enaa mɔnukpɔkpɔ yeyewo hã be woatsɔ atsi tsitsi kple mɔxexe ɖe dɔléle nu.