5-Amino-1MQ 10mg

▎ Hoʻolālā 5-Amino-1MQ

▎ 5-Amino-1MQ Imi

He aha ke kumu noiʻi o 5-Amino-1MQ?

Me ka piʻi mau ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o nā maʻi metabolic e like me ka momona a me ka maʻi diabetes, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā pahuhopu a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻoponopono pono i ka metabolism ikehu a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā maʻi metabolic ua lilo i mea noiʻi koʻikoʻi. ʻO Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), kahi enzyme metabolic koʻikoʻi, he hana koʻikoʻi i ka homeostasis ikehu. ʻO kona overexpression e alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka hōʻiliʻili momona a me ka pale ʻana i ka insulin, e hana ana i ka hoʻoponopono NNMT i mea e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia no nā maʻi pili.

E kū'ē i kēia kua, ua puka mai ka 5-Amino-1MQ ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokae NNMT kikoʻī. Ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana NNMT, hoʻemi ia i ka methylation nicotinamide maʻamau, hoʻihoʻi i nā pae intracellular NAD + a hoʻoponopono i nā ala hōʻailona pili, e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka metabolism lipid a hoʻonui i ka ʻike insulin. Ua puka mai ʻo 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium ma ke ʻano he kumu noiʻi koʻikoʻi no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoʻolālā therapeutic novel e kūʻē i nā maʻi metabolic, e hoʻoulu i nā noiʻi kumu ma kāna mau hana.

He aha nā hopena e hana ai ka 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium i ka metabolism adipocyte?

Nā hopena ma Adipogenesis

Kāohi o Adipogenesis: ʻO Adipogenesis e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai nā preadipocytes i nā adipocytes makua a hōʻiliʻili i nā lipid i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o adipocyte. Ke hōʻike nei ka noiʻi i nā scaffolds methylquinolinium e lawe ana i nā mea hoʻololi amine mua e hōʻike i ka permeability kiʻekiʻe no ka lawe transmembrane passive a me ka ikaika, ʻoiai kā lākou mau analogues e hōʻike ana i ka hana inhibitory koho nui e kū'ē i ka nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) ^[1] . NNMT inhibitors suppress adipogenesis i adipocytes, alakai i ke kuhiakau e 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium, ina loaʻa like NNMT inhibitory hana, nui paha e emi adipogenesis ma ka inhibiting NNMT. No ka laʻana, i nā hoʻokolohua adipocyte moʻomeheu, hoʻemi nā mea hoʻopiʻi NNMT i ka pae intracellular 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA), hoʻonui i ka intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) a me S-(5'-adenosyl) -L-methionine (SAM), a keʻakeʻa i ka adipogenesis i loko o nā momona momona ^[1].

Ke hoʻololi nei i ka hōʻike gene pili i ka adipogenesis: Hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻo Adipogenesis e ke ʻano o nā mea transcription a me nā genes, e like me ka peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) a me CCAAT / enhancer-binding protein (C / EBP). ʻO nā derivatives Methylquinoline hiki ke hoʻololi i ka lipogenesis ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana o kēia mau genes koʻikoʻi.

Kiʻi 1 Koho a me ka membrane-permeable liʻiliʻi mea hoʻopaneʻe mole o nicotinamide N-methyltransferase hoʻohuli i ka momona kiʻekiʻe i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka momona i ka ʻiole.

Puna: ScienceDirect ^[1]

Nā hopena i ka Lipid Metabolism

Hoʻoponopono i nā protein e pili ana i ka synthesis lipid a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana: Hoʻopili ka lipid metabolism i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka synthesis lipid, ka mālama ʻana, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa. Ma nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), hoʻololi ʻo Donglingcao i ka hana o ka peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -α (PPAR-α), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), a me acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Hiki i ka 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium ke hoʻololi i ka metabolism lipid i loko o nā adipocytes ma o ka hana like, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana o kēia mau protein kī i loko o ka lipid synthesis a me ka degradation. No ka laʻana, inā hiki i ka 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium ke hoʻoponopono i ka hōʻike PPAR-α, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka momona momona a hoʻemi i ka hōʻiliʻili lipid i loko o nā adipocytes. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, inā pili ia i ka hōʻike o SREBP-1c, FAS, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kaʻina hana synthesis acid fatty.

Ke hoʻololi nei i nā pae metabolite intracellular e hoʻohuli i ka metabolism lipid: He kuleana koʻikoʻi nā pae metabolite intracellular i loko o ka lipid metabolism. E like me ka mea i haʻi mua ʻia, hiki i nā mea hoʻopiʻi NNMT ke hoʻololi i nā pae intracellular o nā metabolites e like me 1-MNA, NAD⁺, a me SAM, e hoʻopili ai i ka adipocyte metabolism ^[1] . Inā hoʻopuka ka 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium i nā hopena like i kēia mau pae metabolite, e hoʻoponopono pololei ia i ka metabolism lipid. Ma ke ʻano he coenzyme intracellular koʻikoʻi e pili ana i nā ala metabolic he nui, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā pae NAD⁺ i nā kaʻina pili lipid metabolism e like me ka fatty acid oxidation a me ka tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Nā hopena ma luna o ka Metabolism Energy

Nā hopena ma ka hana Mitochondrial: Ua pili pono ka metabolism ikehu i adipocytes i ka hana mitochondrial. Hōʻike nā haʻawina ma lalo o ka in vitro simulated static stretching conditions, piʻi ka hana mitochondrial i adipocytes, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka lipogenesis a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka metabolism cellular ^[2] . Hiki i nā pūhui Methylquinolinium ke hoʻololi i ka hana mitochondrial ma o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā ala metabolic pili i ka mitochondrial a i ʻole ka hōʻike protein. Inā ʻae ʻo 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium i kekahi mau protein mitochondrial nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina metabolic, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hana mitochondrial a hoʻemi i ka hoʻolilo ikehu ma adipocytes. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka metabolism ikehu. No ka laʻana, ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hana o nā kaulahao hanu mitochondrial, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i ka hana ATP, a laila e hoʻololi ai i ke kūlana ikehu a me ke kuhikuhi metabolic o adipocytes.

Hoʻoponopono i ke koena o ka ikehu adipocyte: ʻAʻole mālama wale nā ​​Adipocytes i ka ikehu akā komo pū kekahi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ikehu. ʻO nā hopena o ka 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium ma ka adipocyte metabolism hiki ke hōʻike hope loa i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ikehu. Inā hōʻole ia i ka lipogenesis a hoʻoikaika i ka lipolysis, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a hoʻonui i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ikehu i nā adipocytes. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, inā e hoʻoikaika ʻo ia i ka lipogenesis a keʻakeʻa i ka lipolysis, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka ikehu i loko o adipocytes, hoʻopau i ke koena o ka ikehu-he mea koʻikoʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka momona a me nā maʻi metabolic pili.

Nā hopena ma ka hana Adipocyte Endocrine

Hoʻopili i ka huna ʻana adipokine: Ma ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana endocrine, huna nā adipocytes i nā adipokines he nui e like me leptin a me adiponectin, e pāʻani ana i nā kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka metabolism systemic ^[3] . Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea lāʻau ke hoʻoikaika i ka huna ʻana adipocyte o kēia mau adipokines. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe hōʻike pololei e pili ana i ka hopena o 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium ma ka huna ʻana adipokine, ʻo kona hopena holoʻokoʻa i ka adipocyte metabolism e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻoponopono pololei ʻole o ka huna adipokine. Inā hoʻololi ka 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium i ke kūlana o ka ikehu adipocyte a i ʻole ka metabolism lipid, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i ka huna leptin. Ma ke ʻano he molekala hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i nā hale kūʻai momona, hoʻololi ka leptin huna i ka makemake a me ka metabolism ikehu.

Hoʻopili i ka Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion: ʻO ke kūlana inflammatory o kaʻiʻo adipose pili loa i ka adipocyte metabolism. Hiki i nā adipocytes ke hūnā i nā cytokine inflammatory like ʻole, e like me interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), a me ka tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (Michalczyk K). I nā mokuʻāina momona, hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻiʻo adipose i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka huna ʻana o kēia mau mea inflammatory, a laila e hoʻopilikia i ka metabolism systemic a me ka ʻike insulin. ʻO 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium, inā hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka metabolism adipocyte, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka huna ʻana o ka cytokine, a laila e hoʻololi ai i ka microenvironment inflammatory o ka ʻiʻo adipose a pili i nā pilikia metabolic pili i ka momona. Hiki i kona hiki ke pale i ka huna ʻana o ka cytokine hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka pale ʻana o ka insulin a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana metabolic.

No ka mea kakau

ʻO nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei ua noiʻi ʻia, hoʻoponopono ʻia a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e Cocer Peptides.

Mea kākau moʻolelo ʻepekema

He kanaka ʻepekema lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Harshini Neelakantan a me ke alakaʻi noiʻi me ka ʻike nui i ka hoʻomohala lāʻau preclinical no nā maʻi metabolic, neurological, a me musculoskeletal. Ke lawelawe nei ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he Luna Hoʻokele o ka Research & Development ma Ridgeline Therapeutics, e kālele ana i ka unuhi ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau liʻiliʻi mai ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hit-to-lead i ka noi lāʻau. Aia kona ʻike i ka lāʻau lapaʻau vivo, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka maʻi, a me ka metabolism lāʻau, a ua hana mua ʻo ia ma ke Kulanui o Texas Medical Branch. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Harshini Neelakantan ma ka ʻōlelo kuhikuhi [1].

▎ Nā ʻōlelo pili

[1] Neelakantan H, Vance V, Wetzel MD, et al. ʻO nā mea hoʻopaneʻe mole liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi koho a me ka membrane-permeable o nicotinamide N-methyltransferase e hoʻohuli i ka momona momona i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka momona i nā ʻiole. Biochemical Pharmacology 2018; 147: 141-152.DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.11.007.

[2] Mor-Yossef ML, Kislev N, Lustig M, Pomeraniec L, Benayahu D. Nā hopena hoʻoulu biomechanical i ka metabolism o adipocyte. Ka Nūpepa o Cellular Physiology 2020; 235(11): 8702-8713.DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29714.

[3] ʻO Michalczyk K, Niklas N, Rychlicka M, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. ʻO ka hopena o nā mea ola ola kino i hūnā ʻia e ka Adipose Tissue ma ka Endometrial Cancer. ʻIkepili 2021; 11(3).DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030494.

ʻO nā ʻatikala a me nā ʻike huahana i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia pūnaewele pūnaewele wale nō no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike a me nā kumu hoʻonaʻauao.  

ʻO nā huahana i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia pūnaewele i manaʻo wale ʻia no ka noiʻi in vitro. Hana ʻia ka noiʻi in vitro (Latin: *i ke aniani*, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka ipu aniani) ma waho o ke kino kanaka. ʻAʻole kēia mau huahana he lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia e ka US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana, mālama, a hoʻōla paha i kekahi maʻi olakino, maʻi, a i ʻole maʻi. Ua pāpā loa ʻia e ke kānāwai ke hoʻokomo i kēia mau huahana i loko o ke kino kanaka a holoholona paha ma kekahi ʻano.