Cocer Peptides fɛ 
a bɛ kalo 1 bɔ
BƐƐRƐ KUNNAFONIW NI FƐRƐW KUNNAFONIW BƐƐ MIN BƐ NI WEBSITE KAN NA, U BƐ KUNNAFONIW FƆLƆ DƆRƆN NI KALANSENW YE.
Fɛn minnu bɛ di nin siti in kan, olu dabɔra ɲininiw dɔrɔn kama in vitro. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli in vitro (latinkan na: *glasi kɔnɔ*, o kɔrɔ ye gilasi kɔnɔ) bɛ kɛ hadamaden farikolo kɔkan. Nin fura ninnu tɛ furaw ye, Ameriki ka dumuniko ni furako ɲɛmɔgɔso (FDA) ma sɔn u ma, wa u man kan ka kɛ ka furakɛli bana, bana walima bana si bali, k’a furakɛ, walima k’a furakɛ. A dagalen don kosɛbɛ sariya fɛ ka nin fɛn ninnu don hadamaden walima bagan farikolo la cogo o cogo.
Kuma bɛɛ lajɛlen
Timosini Alfa-1 (Tα1) ye pepitiri ye min ka farikolo tangacogo baara ka bon. A fɔlɔ bɔra timisi farikolo la, wa a bɛ kɛ ni asidi aminiki 28 ye, ni N-terminal asetilasi ye. Tα1 jɔyɔrɔ ka bon farikolo tangacogo sabatili la ani ka bana cogoyaw jaabi farikolo la. I n’a fɔ farikolo tangalan, a bɛ se ka kɛ kosɛbɛ bana suguya caman furakɛli ni u kunbɛnni na.
Jaa 1 Timosini alfa 1 bɛ ni ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo caman ye. IL: Interleukin (banakisɛfagalan min bɛ wele ko Interleukin); IFN: Interféron (Interferon) ye; TLR: Toll-like receptors (Jɛkulu minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ jatebɔlanw.
Farikoloɲɛnajɛ cogoyaw la, Tα1 bɛ a sen don farikolo tangacogo yiriwali ni a baarakɛcogo la, a bɛ nɔba bila farikolo tangalanw danfara, u kɔgɔli ani u baara la. Banakisɛw la, i n’a fɔ banakisɛw, tumuw bɔli, ani farikolo tangacogo dɛsɛ, Tα1 bɛ se ka farikolo dɛmɛ ka banaw kɛlɛ ni a bɛ farikolo tangacogo jaabiw labɛn.
Banakisɛfagalanw siratigɛ la, Tα1 bɛ kɛ ka sugunɛbilenni banakisɛ (HBV) ni sugunɛbilenni banakisɛ (HCV) banakisɛw furakɛ. A bɛ se ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛnabɔ, ka farikolo dɛmɛ ka banakisɛw bɔ, ka banabagatɔw ka cogoyaw ɲɛ.
Banakisɛfagalanw ka baarakɛcogo
(1) Jɛɲɔgɔnya ni Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ye .
Tα1 bɛ a ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛnabɔ sira nafama dɔ ye ka jɛɲɔgɔnya kɛ ni Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ye. TLRw ye misali dɔnnikɛlanw kulu ye minnu bɛ banakisɛw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ molekiyɔmu cogoyaw (PAMPs) ani tiɲɛniw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw (DAMPs) dɔn, o la, u bɛ farikolo tangalanw baara ani ka farikolo tangalanw ka jaabiw daminɛ.
Tα1 bɛ se ka siri TLR caman na, i n’a fɔ TLR3, TLR4 ani TLR9. Ni a sirilen don o fɛn minɛbagaw la, Tα1 bɛ duguma taamasiɲɛw siraw baara, i n’a fɔ interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) ani nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) taamasiɲɛw siraw. Ni an ye TLR3 ta ka kɛ misali ye, Tα1 sirilen kɔfɛ TLR3 la, a bɛ IRF3 fosforilasi sabati, o kɔfɛ, a bɛ wuli ka taa selilɛri nukili la, ka banakisɛfagalanw ni farikolo tangalanw jirali bila mɔgɔ la i n’a fɔ interferon suguya fɔlɔ (IFN-I). IFN-I ka baara ka bon banakisɛfagalanw ni farikolo tangacogo la, o bɛ farikolo ka se ka banakisɛw kɛlɛ.
TLR4 ta la, Tα1 sirili bɛ NF-κB taamasiɲɛw sira baara o cogo kelen na, ka funubana sitokiniw jirali kɔrɔta i n’a fɔ tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ani interleukin-6 (IL-6). O sitokiniw jɔyɔrɔ ka bon farikolo tangacogo daminɛ na, u bɛ farikolo tangalanw ta ka taa banakisɛ sɔrɔyɔrɔ la ani ka farikolo ka farikolo tangacogo sabati.
Ka fara o kan, TLR2 ni TLR7 fana bɛ tali kɛ Tα1 la. Tα1 bɛ se ka TLR2/NF-κB, TLR2/p38 mitogène-activé proteine kinase (p38MAPK), walima TLR7/myeloïde differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) taamasiɲɛw siraw baara, ka sitokini suguya caman dilanni sabati i n’a fɔ IL-1 ani IL-12, o bɛ dɔ fara farikolo tangacogo bangenenw ni ladamuni jaabiw kan.
(2) Labɛnni nɔ minnu bɛ farikolo tangalanw kan
T-cell (banakisɛfagalanw).
Tα1 bɛ nɔ bila T-cellw yiriwali, u danfara ani u ka baara la. Timisɛri kɔnɔ, Tα1 bɛ timositɛriw falenni ni u kɔgɔli teliya. Kɔlɔsiliw y’a jira ko T-cell-mediated antibody production balili kɔfɛ sosow la ni 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) ye, Tα1 min dilannen don ni kemikɛli ye, o bɛ se ka o farikolojɔli seko in segin a cogo kɔrɔ la, wa a bɛ baara jira hali ni a hakɛ dɔgɔyara 30 μg/kg.
Flow cytometry sɛgɛsɛgɛli y’a jira ko Tα1 hakɛ in bɛ timositɛriw falenni ni u kɔgɔli teliya; nka, a tɛ nɔ bila Smoothened (Smo) jirali la, o min ye Hedgehog (Hh) taamasiɲɛw sira ɲɛnabɔbaga juguba ye CD4−CD8− timositɛriw kɔnɔ. O b’a jira ko Tα1 bɛ se ka T-cell kɔgɔli sabati taamasiɲɛ sira kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw fɛ minnu bɛ tɛmɛ walima minnu tɛ Smo-regulated siraw la.
T-cell kɔgɔlenw siratigɛ la, Tα1 bɛ se ka T-cell kulu fitininw balansi labɛn. Tumu mikoro lamini na, Tα1 bɛ se ka CD8+ T selilɛriw ni T selilɛriw (Tregs) hakɛ caman sɛmɛntiya ni dendɛrɛsi selilɛri (DC) danfara ni kemikiniw jiracogo ɲɛnabɔli ye, o la, a bɛ farikolo ka tumu kɛlɛli farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ.
Jaa 2 Timosini α1 (Tα1) bɛ ɲɛgɛnɛsira tiɲɛni bali DSS la ka fara anti–CTLA-4–induite colitis kan.
B selilɛriw
Hali ni sɛgɛsɛgɛli tilennenw kɛra Tα1 nɔfɛkow kan B selilɛriw kan, olu man ca, ɲinini minnu bɛ sen na, olu b’a jira ko a bɛ se ka nɔ bila B selilɛriw ka baara la cogo la min tɛ ɲɛ, a kɛtɔ ka T selilɛriw labɛn. Ikomi T-cellw jɔyɔrɔ ka bon dɛmɛnan na B-cell baarakɛli la, farikolo tangalanw ka kulu caman cili la, ani u ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ kɔgɔli la, Tα1 ka T-cell baara ɲɛnabɔli bɛ se ka nɔ bila B selilɛriw ka banakisɛfagalanw dilanni na cogo la min tɛ ɲɛ, o bɛ farikolo ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ.
Makrofagaw (Macrophages).
Tα1 fana bɛ nɔ nafamaw bila ɲɛnabɔli la makɔrɔfaga baara la. Baara kɛli ni MTT sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye, a jirala ko Tα1 bɛ sitotokisi nɔ jira RAW 264.7 makɔrɔfagaw la, ni a balilan hakɛ tilancɛ hakɛ (IC50) ye 368,105 μg/ml ye. Ni Tα1 hakɛ bɛ caya, sitotokisi nɔ minnu bɛ RAW 264.7 selilɛriw kan, olu bɛ bonya, o bɛ na ni selilɛriw hakɛ dɔgɔyali ye.
Tα1 fana bɛ banakisɛfagalanw jira, minnu jateminɛna ni ɔkisidi azotiki (NO) sɔrɔli sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye RAW 264.7 selilɛriw kɔnɔ. Jateminɛw y’a jira ko hakɛ 7,813–31,25 μg/ml kɔnɔ, NO sɔrɔli Dɔgɔyara Tα1 furakɛli kulu la cogo la min bɛ tali kɛ a tata hakɛ la ni i y’a suma ni kɔrɔsili kulu ye, o b’a jira ko Tα1 bɛ se k’a ka banakisɛfagalanw kɛ ni NO bɔli balili ye makɔrɔfagaw la, o la, a bɛ farikolo tangalanw ka jaabiw labɛn.
Nature killer cellules (NK selilɛriw) .
Tα1 bɛ NK selilɛriw caya ni u baara sabati, ka u ka sitotokisi baara bonya. NK selilɛriw ye farikolo tangalan bangenenw yɔrɔ nafamaba ye, u bɛ se ka banakisɛfagalanw ni tumuw faga kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la. Tα1 bɛ dɔ fara u ka seko kan ka farikolokisɛw dɔn ani k’u faga, a kɛtɔ ka NK selilɛriw sanfɛla la, minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni u ye, olu jiracogo kɔrɔtalen don, o la, a jɔyɔrɔ ka bon banakisɛfagalanw tali ni tumuw kɛlɛli la.
(3) Sitokiniw ka rezow labɛnni
Tα1 b’a ka farikolo tangacogo baara kɛ ni sitokiniw ka rezo labɛnni ye. Sitokiniw ye farikolojɔlifɛn misɛnninw kulu ye minnu bɛ bɔ farikolo tangalanw ni farikolo tangalan dɔw fɛ minnu tɛ farikolo tangalanw ye, olu bɛ kunnafoniw ci farikolokisɛw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ ani ka farikolo tangalanw ka baara ɲɛnabɔ ka fara farikolo tangalanw ka jaabiw fanga n’u suguya kan.
Tα1 bɛ se ka sitokini suguya caman sɔrɔli sabati, i n’a fɔ interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-3 (IL-3), ani interferon-γ (IFN-γ). IL-2 ye T-cell falenfɛn nafama ye min bɛ T-cell caya ni a baara sabati, a bɛ NK selilɛriw ni T lymphocytes cytotoxiques (CTL) baara caya, o la, a bɛ farikolo farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ. IL-3 bɛ joli-sira-funu-banakisɛ suguya caman ni ɲɔgɔn falen-falen sabati, o bɛ dɛmɛ don ka farikolo tangalanw sigicogo n’u baara sabati. IFN-γ bɛ baara caman kɛ, i n’a fɔ banakisɛfagalanw, tumuw kɛlɛli ani farikolo tangalanw, ka makɔrɔfagaw ka dumunifɛnw ni sitotokisi seko bonya, ka Th1 selilɛriw danfara sabati, ani ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛnabɔ ka taa farikolo tangacogo sira fɛ.
Ka fara o kan, Tα1 bɛ se ka balansi labɛn sitokiniw ni banakisɛfagalanw cɛ. Funu jaabiw waati, Tα1 bɛ se ka funu dɛmɛni sitokiniw bɔli kojugu bali i n’a fɔ TNF-α ani IL-1, ka sɔrɔ ka funu kɛlɛli sitokiniw bɔli sabati i n’a fɔ interleukin-10 (IL-10), o la, a bɛ dɔ bɔ tiɲɛni na min bɛ sɔrɔ funu jaabiw fɛ farikolo la ani ka farikolo tangacogo balansi mara.
Farikolo tangacogo fanga bonya nɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ a la
(1) Banakisɛfagalanw tali
Sugunɛbilenni B ani Sugunɛbilenni C
Tα1 jɔyɔrɔ ka bon sugunɛbilenni B ni sugunɛbilenni C furakɛli la.Ni sugunɛbilenni banakisɛ basigilen (HBV) bɛ mɔgɔ minɛ, Tα1 bɛ se ka farikolo farikolo tangacogo ɲɛnabɔ ani ka a seko bonya ka HBV saniya. Tα1 bɛ farikolo tangalanw baara i n’a fɔ T selilɛriw ani NK selilɛriw, o b’a to u bɛ se ka sugunɛbilenniw dɔn ka ɲɛ ani ka u bɔ yen minnu banakisɛ bɛ HBV la. Tα1 bɛ se ka sitokiniw ka rezo labɛn, ka banakisɛfagalanw dilanni sabati i n’a fɔ IFN-γ ani ka HBV camanbɔli bali.
Sugunɛbilenni banakisɛ (HCV) banakisɛ furakɛli la, Tα1 fana bɛ nɔ ɲumanw jira. A bɛ se ka farikolo farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ, ka dɛmɛ don HCV bɔli la, ani ka jɛɲɔgɔnya nɔ jira ni a ni banakisɛfagalan wɛrɛw faralen don ɲɔgɔn kan, o la furakɛli ɲɛtaa hakɛ bɛ ɲɛ.
Banakisɛ wɛrɛw
Ka fara HBV ni HCV kan, Tα1 bɛ se ka jɔyɔrɔba ta banakisɛfagalan wɛrɛw la fana. Tα1 bɛ se ka dɛmɛ don ka COVID-19 banabagatɔ jugumanw ka ɲɛnamaya ɲɛfɔcogo ɲɛ. Ni a ye tiɲɛniw dilan minnu bɛ sɔrɔ lanposotiw farikolo tangacogo caya kojugu fɛ ani ka T-cell baarakɛbaliya kojugu bali, Tα1 bɛ se ka banabagatɔ ka bana taamasiɲɛw nɔgɔya ani ka ɲɛnamaya hakɛ ɲɛ.
(2) Banakisɛfagalanw ɲɛnabɔli ani funu kɛlɛli
Banakisɛfagalanw ka balansi labɛnni
Tα1 jɔyɔrɔ ka bon farikolo tangacogo sabatili la farikolo la. Ni farikolo tangalan dɛsɛra, Tα1 bɛ se ka farikolo tangalanw caya ani ka u danfara sabati, ka farikolo tangacogo segin. Misali la, farikolo tangalan bana dɔw la minnu bɛ bange bange kɔnɔ walima farikolo tangacogo minnu bɛ sɔrɔ chimiothérapie walima radiation furakɛli fɛ, Tα1 bɛ se ka farikolo dɛmɛ ka farikolo tangacogo sabati kokura, a kɛtɔ ka farikolo tangalanw yiriwali ni u baaracogo ɲɛnabɔ.
Banakisɛfagalanw na, Tα1 bɛ se ka farikolo tangalanw ka jaabi tɛmɛnenw bali ani ka farikolo tangalanw tiɲɛni dɔgɔya ni a bɛ farikolo tangalanw ni sitokiniw ka rezo baara labɛn.
Banakisɛfagalan nɔ minnu bɛ a la
Tα1 bɛ ni banakisɛfagalanw ye. Funu jaabiw waati, Tα1 bɛ se ka funu ni sitokiniw jiracogo ɲɛnabɔ ani ka funu wale tɛmɛnenw bali. I n’a fɔ a fɔra cogo min na ka tɛmɛ, Tα1 bɛ se ka NO sɔrɔli bali makɔrɔfagaw la, ka dɔ bɔ banakisɛfagalanw jirali la i n’a fɔ TNF-α ani IL-1, ani ka waati kelen na ka banakisɛfagalanw bɔli sabati i n’a fɔ IL-10.
Jaa 3 Ɔkisizɛni azotiki bɔli furakɛli kɔfɛ ni LPS ye ani Tα-1 hakɛ danfaralenw RAW 264.7 selilɛriw kɔnɔ.
Funu dimi modɛli la, Tα1 bɛ alɔdini ni dimi caman nɔgɔya minnu bɛ sɔrɔ Freund ka dɛmɛnan dafalen fɛ (CFA), ani ka dɔ bɔ funu cɛmancɛlafɛnw wulicogo la i n’a fɔ IFN-γ, TNF-α, ani farikolojidɛsɛbanakisɛ min bɛ bɔ hakili la (BDNF) min bɛ sɔrɔ CFA fɛ. Ka fara o kan, Tα1 bɛ se ka Wnt3a/β-catenin taamasiɲɛ sira labɛn kɔkolo la, o min bɛ baara kɛ dimi funu waati la, ani Tα1 bɛ se k’a baarakɛcogo kɔsegin, o bɛ funu dimi nɔgɔya.
Kɛnɛyaso baarakɛcogo
(1) Sugunɛbilenni banakisɛ furakɛli
Sugunɛbilenni banakisɛfagalanw furakɛli la, Tα1 kɛra ka caya. Sugunɛbilenni basigilen bɛ banabagatɔ minnu na, kɛnɛyaso ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli caman y’a jira ko Tα1 ni nukilisi (asidi) analoziw walima interferon furakɛli faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ HBV ADN seroconversion, HBeAg seroconversion, ani ALT normalisation hakɛ caman sɔrɔ ni i ye a suma ni furakɛli kelen ye. Kɛnɛyaso sɛgɛsɛgɛli dɔw la, Tα1 ni entecavir faralen ɲɔgɔn kan sugunɛbilenni basigilen B banabagatɔw furakɛli la, o kɛra sababu ye ka HBV ADN sɛgɛsɛgɛli hakɛ caya kosɛbɛ dɔgɔkun 48 furakɛli kɔfɛ ni i ye a suma ni kulu ye min furakɛra ni ɛntekaviri dɔrɔn ye, wa HBeAg joli jiginni hakɛ fana ɲɛnabɔra.
Sugunɛbilenni C furakɛli la, Tα1 ni banakisɛfagalanw (DAA) faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ se ka banakisɛfagalanw nafa bonya, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la sugunɛbilenni C banabagatɔ dɔw la, minnu tɛ se ka furakɛli kɛ, o bɛ se ka furakɛli ɲɛtaa hakɛ ɲɛ.
(2) Banakisɛfagalanw ka banaw furakɛli
Banakisɛfagalan fɔlɔ dɔw la, i n’a fɔ timisi jiginni bangenen, Tα1 bɛ se ka kɛ furakɛli wɛrɛw dɔ ye. Hali ni Tα1 tɛ se ka nin bana ninnu furakɛ pewu, a bɛ se ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛnabɔ, ka banabagatɔw ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ, ka banakisɛw sɔrɔli caya ni u juguya dɔgɔya, ka banabagatɔw ka ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo ɲɛ.
Farikolo tangacogo dɛsɛbana sɔrɔlenw na, i n’a fɔ sidabana, Tα1 ni banakisɛfagalanw (ART) faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ se ka farikolo tangacogo kura sabati, ka CD4+ T selilɛriw hakɛ caya, ka farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ, ani ka dɔ bɔ banakisɛw sɔrɔli la minnu bɛ sɔrɔ sababu la.
(3) Baarakɛcogo wɛrɛw
Furakɛli dɛmɛnan min bɛ kɛ banakisɛw la
Banakisɛ jugumanw furakɛli la i n’a fɔ sepsis, Tα1 bɛ se ka kɛ furakɛli dɛmɛnan ye. A ka ca a la, banakisɛfagalanw farikolo tangacogo tɛ sepsis banabagatɔw la. Tα1 bɛ farikolo tangalanw ka baara ni sitokiniw ka rezow ɲɛnabɔ, o bɛ dɛmɛ ka farikolo tangalanw ka balansi segin, ka funu jaabiw dɔgɔya, ani ka banabagatɔw ka ɲɛnamaya hakɛ ɲɛ.
Banakisɛ basigilenw furakɛli la i n’a fɔ sumaya, Tα1 ni sumaya furaw faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ se ka farikolo farikolo tangacogo ɲɛ ka ɲɛsin Mikobakteriyɔmu sumaya ma ani ka furakɛli kɛcogo ɲɛ.
Bana minnu bɛ sɔrɔ funu fɛ
Bana minnu bɛ sɔrɔ funu fɛ i n’a fɔ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ ni banakɔtaa funu furakɛli la, Tα1 ka funu kɛlɛli ni farikolo tangacogo bɛ se ka kɛ nafa bɛ se ka kɛ a la. Hali ni furakɛli kɛcogo dan ye sisan, ɲinini jɔnjɔn dɔw ni kɛnɛyaso sɛgɛsɛgɛli misɛnninw y’a jira ko Tα1 bɛ se ka dɔ bɔ funu jaabiw la ani ka banabagatɔw ka cogoyaw ɲɛ ni a bɛ farikolo tangalanw ni sitokiniw labɛn.
Kuncɛli
Timosini α1 (Tα1), i n’a fɔ pepitiri min bɛ farikolo tangacogo sabati, o ye nɔba ni nɔ juguba jira farikolo tangacogo ɲɛnabɔli siratigɛ la. Ka bɔ a ka baarakɛcogo la, Tα1 bɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya kɛ ni Toll-like receptors ye walasa ka jiginɛ taamasiɲɛw sira caman baara, o la, a bɛ farikolo tangalanw ni sitokini rezow baara ɲɛnabɔ, ani ka farikolo farikolo tangacogo kɔlɔsili tigitigi sɔrɔ.
Farikolo tangacogo siratigɛ la, Tα1 jɔyɔrɔ ka bon banakisɛfagalanw tali la, tumuw kɛlɛli baara la, farikolo tangacogo balansi labɛnni na, ani banakisɛfagalanw tali la. Banakisɛfagalanw siratigɛ la, Tα1 bɛ baarakɛcogo caman jira, a kɛra banakisɛfagalanw ye minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman na i n’a fɔ sugunɛbilenni B ni C, walima banakisɛfagalan minnu bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan i n’a fɔ COVID-19. Tα1 jɔyɔrɔ farikolo tangalanw na ani bana minnu bɛ sɔrɔ funu fɛ, o b’a jira ko a bɛ se ka dɛmɛ don ka farikolo tangacogo sabati ani ka funu tiɲɛni dɔgɔya. Kuma bɛɛ la, Tα1 jɔyɔrɔ ka bon farikolo tangalan na.
Sosow (Sɔrɔyɔrɔw).
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Fɛn min bɛ sɔrɔ ɲininiw dɔrɔn kama:
