Thymosin Alpha-1 10mg ƒe lãmekawo

▎ Thymosin Alpha-1 ƒe Dɔwɔɖoɖo

Dzɔtsoƒe: PubChem

Nusiwo woɖo ɖe wo nɔewo yome: SDAAVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAEN Molekyulãwo ƒe Mɔfiame: C 129H 215N 33O55 Molekyulãwo ƒe Kpekpeme: 3108.3 g/mol CAS ƒe xexlẽdzesi: 62304-98-7 PubChem ƒe CID: 16130571 Nya siwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo: Thymalfasin;Zadaxin

▎ Thymosin Alpha-1 Ŋuti Numekuku

Nukae nye Thymosin Alpha-1?

Thymosin Alpha-1 nye polypeptide si me amino acid 28 le. Enɔa thymus me le dzɔdzɔme nu eye wòwɔa akpa vevi aɖe le T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple woƒe vovototodedeameme me.

Nukae nye numekuku si wowɔ tso Thymosin Alpha-1 ŋu?

Thymosin Alpha-1 nye bioactive polypeptide si woɖe ɖe vovo eye wokɔe tso thymosin ƒe akpa 5 lia me, si me amino acid 28 le. Thymus nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ŋutinu vevi aɖe, si wɔa nu vovovo siwo ɖɔa dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo, eye thymosin nye wo dometɔ ɖeka. Esi amewo srɔ̃ nu tso thymus ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu tsitotsito ta la, vivivi la, wova kpɔe be viɖe ate ŋu anɔ akpa siwo le eme la ŋu na dɔléle vovovowo dada.

Nukae nye Thymosin Alpha-1 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu?

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe tɔtrɔ: 

Thymosin Alpha-1 nye nugbagbewo ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ƒe tɔtrɔ si ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbevi vovovo siwo le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me nawɔ dɔ. Eɖɔa dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo koŋ to T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe vovototodedeameme kple tsitsi dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me (Sjogren MH, 2004; Mao L, 2023). Etɔxɛe la, Thymosin Alpha-1 ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe thymocytes dzi to woƒe vovototodedeameme ƒe ʋuʋu alo wo tɔtrɔ woazu T lãmenugbagbevi siwo le dɔ wɔm me.

Mɔnu si tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu: 

Le COVID-19 aklãdɔ dada me la, Thymosin Alpha-1 naa ame ƒe hayahaya tso aklãdɔ me kabakaba to eƒe dɔlékuiwutike ƒe mɔnu dzi. Ateŋu aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo dzi akpɔtɔ, ado COVID-19 aklãdɔléle ƒe dzesiwo abe dzoxɔxɔ kple ɖeɖiteameŋu ene dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, ana tsi si dona le eme ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ nanɔ bɔbɔe, eye wòana ame ƒe hayahaya tso COVID-19 aklãdɔ me kabakaba (Wang Z, 2023).

Aleke Thymalfasin nana dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo kuna le kansa dada me?

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ: 

Thymalfasin nye thymopeptide si wowɔ eye wòdoa ŋusẽ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ŋutɔ. Ate ŋu ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe amewuwu ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi nadzi ɖe edzi, si ana dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nawu le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le dɔdzẽ ƒe nuto suea me la, Thymalfasin ate ŋu ado T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe vovototodedeameme kple woƒe tsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ eye wòana T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi. Abe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ene la, T lãmenugbagbeviwo ate ŋu ade dzesi dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ahadze wo dzi, si wɔnɛ be dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nawu to nusiwo gblẽa nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu kple mɔnu bubuwo dodo ɖe go me.

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ: 

Abe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ŋusẽdoame ene la, Thymalfasin ate ŋu aɖɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo eye wòana dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nawu. Ate ŋu ana Th1 dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi. Th1 lãmenugbagbeviwo koŋ ɖea cytokines abe IFN-γ ene, si ate ŋu awɔ dɔ ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi tẽ eye wòana woƒe apoptosis. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, Thymalfasin ate ŋu aɖɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbevi bubuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hã ɖo, abe NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ ene. NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ateŋu awu dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo tẽ eye woana dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo hã nawu to cytokines kple mɔnu bubuwo dodo ɖe go me ^{[1] .}.

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu le dɔdzẽ nutsitsi ƒe atikewɔwɔ me: 

Le dɔdzẽ dada ƒe ɖoɖoa me la, zi geɖe la, dɔnɔwo ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna, si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dɔdzẽ dada ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi. Thymalfasin ate ŋu ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe nutete si dona le dɔlékuiwutikewo zazã me nanyo ɖe edzi, ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ŋutete be wòadze dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi, eye wòato esia me ana dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nawu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le atikewɔmɔnu alo keklẽŋusẽdɔdada me la, agblẽ nu le dɔnɔa ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ŋu vaseɖe afi aɖe. Thymalfasin ate ŋu ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nahaya ahadzi ɖe edzi, ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, eye wòana ŋusẽ si wòkpɔna ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi wu.

Nu gbagbewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ vovovowo le thymosin alpha 1 me.

Dzɔtsoƒe:PubMed ^{[6] .}

Nukae nye Thymalfasin zazã?

Dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlélewo: 

Le eƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ta la, wozãa Thymosin Alpha-1 zi geɖe tsɔ daa dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlékuiwo. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le COVID-19 dɔvɔ̃a me la, eɖe dɔdamɔnu nyui aɖe fia le COVID-19 aklãdɔ dada me. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be Thymosin Alpha-1 ateŋu axe mɔ na COVID-19 dɔlékui siwo bɔ ƒe ŋgɔyiyi va zu aklãdɔ sesẽ to ametakpɔnu vovovo siwo doa ŋusẽ dɔlélenutsiŋutete kple esiwo tsia dɔdzẽ nu ^[2] . Etɔxɛe la, le dɔnɔ siwo wotsɔ Thymosin Alpha-1 da dɔ na gome la, kɔdzi nɔnɔ dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, aklãdɔléle ƒe dzesiwo (abe dzoxɔxɔ kple ɖeɖiteameŋu ene) ƒe gbɔdzɔe ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme sɔ gbɔ ŋutɔ wu esi wokpɔ le ƒuƒoƒo si me wokpɔa wo gbɔ le, eye afisi dɔdzẽ ƒe dodo le si woɖe fia to CT dzi hã ɖiɖi ŋutɔ wu ƒuƒoƒo si me wokpɔa wo gbɔ le ^[2] . Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, Cox ƒe kpɔɖeŋu ƒe numekuku si wowɔ le tɔtrɔ geɖe me ɖee fia be dɔnɔ siwo zã Thymosin Alpha-1 kple dɔnɔ siwo metsi o la ƒe COVID-19 ƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo ƒe tɔtrɔ manyomanyo kabakaba ŋutɔ ^[2] . Tα1 (Thymosin Alpha-1 ƒe akpa vevitɔ) dzi CD4+ T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe xexlẽme ɖe edzi le dɔnɔ siwo ƒe oxygen si mebɔ o ƒe gbɔgbɔ ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu le gɔmedzedzea me kabakaba wu atikewɔwɔ si wozãna ɖaa, eye ate ŋu awɔ akpa aɖe le dɔnɔ siwo woxɔ ɖe kɔdzi siwo ƒe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ kple ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ si COVID-19 hena vɛ la dada me ^[3]..

Aklãdɔléle dada: 

Thymosin Alpha-1 hã kpɔa ŋusẽ aɖe ɖe aklãdɔléle dada me. Woate ŋu azãe abe aklãdɔléle B ƒe atike ɖeka ko ene alo woatsɔe akpe ɖe interferon α-2b ŋu atsɔ ada aklãdɔléle C. Etɔxɛe la, numekuku aɖe ɖee fia be le aklãdɔléle B dada me la, woda Thymosin Alpha-1 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kpɔ le dɔdamɔnu dodokpɔ ene siwo me dɔnɔ 195 le me. Le numekukuawo dometɔ ɖeka me la, dɔnɔ 9 le 17 siwo wotsɔ Thymosin Alpha-1 da dɔe me la ƒe aklãdɔlékui B dɔlékui (HBV) ƒe DNA ɖeɖeɖa le ɣleti ade me, ne wotsɔe sɔ kple dɔnɔ 10 le 16 ɖesiaɖe me siwo wotsɔ interferon α-2b da dɔe kple dɔnɔ 4 le 15 me le ŋutinya me dɔlékuiwo dzi kpɔkpɔ ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa me.

Kpekpeɖeŋunadɔdada: Wozãa thymosin Alpha-1 hã geɖe le kansa dada me. Le dɔnɔ siwo ŋu resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) kple aklã me kansa le gome la, le kpeɖeŋutɔ ƒe atikewɔwɔ me la, Thymosin Alpha-1 ateŋu ana agbetsitsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme bliboa (OS) nanyo ɖe edzi ŋutɔ (Mao L, 2023). Le dɔnɔ siwo ŋu NSCLC si womate ŋu aɖe o si de ŋgɔ le nutoa me le gome la, Thymosin Alpha-1 ate ŋu aɖe ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ kple aklãdɔ si keklẽŋusẽ kple atikewɔmɔnu hena vɛ dzi akpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, eye nɔnɔme aɖe li be OS nanyo ɖe edzi ^[4]..

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete si tsia dɔdzẽ nu dodo ɖe ŋgɔ: 

Kpeɖodzi siwo wokpɔ do ŋgɔ na dɔdamɔnu ɖee fia be Thymosin Alpha-1 ate ŋu atrɔ M2 ƒe vovototodedeameme si macrophages ƒe efferocytosis hena vɛ to TLR7/SHIP1 axis ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me, ado kansa ƒe atikewɔmɔnu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, eye wòana dɔlélenutsiŋutete si tsi tre ɖe dɔdzẽ ŋu nadzi ɖe edzi to 'dɔdzẽ fafɛ' tɔtrɔ wòazu 'dɔdzẽ dzodzoe' (Mao L, 2023). Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, Thymosin Alpha-1 hã kpɔa ame ta le dɔdzẽ si dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe mɔxexeɖedɔlékuiwo (ICIs) hena vɛ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me eye ate ŋu ana ICIs ƒe dɔdamɔnu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nadzi ɖe edzi ^[4] . Tα1 abe kpeɖeŋutɔ atikewɔwɔ le aklã me dɔdzẽ ɖeɖeɖa vɔ megbe ate ŋu ana dɔnɔ siwo ŋu aklã me dɔdzẽ sue aɖe le ƒe nyagblɔɖi nanyo ɖe edzi. Le ƒuƒoƒo aɖe ƒe numekuku aɖe si wowɔ le megbemegbe me la, woma dɔnɔ siwo ŋu aklã me dɔdzẽ sue aɖe le siwo woɖe aklã le la ɖe hatsotso eve me, ƒuƒoƒo A (ɖe aklãɖeɖe + Tα1) kple ƒuƒoƒo B (ɖe aklã ɖeɖeko). Le ɣleti 47.0 ƒe kplɔkplɔ ɖo le mama dedie nu megbe la, ƒe 1, 3, kple 5 ƒe agbetsitsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme bliboa kple agbetsitsi si me gbugbɔgadzɔ manɔmee le dɔnɔ siwo le ƒuƒoƒo A me sɔ gbɔ wu esiwo le ƒuƒoƒo B. Multivariate analysis ɖee fia be Tα1 nye nyagblɔɖi si le eɖokui si na agbetsitsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme bliboa kple agbetsitsi si me gbugbɔgadzɔ le ^{[5] .}.

Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gbugbɔgaɖoanyi kple atikewɔmɔnu ƒe ŋusẽdodo: 

Woateŋu azã thymosin Alpha-1 atsɔ ada dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe nɔnɔmewo kple dɔléle vɔ̃ɖiwo eye wòanye atikewɔmɔnu ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo ƒe ŋusẽdoame ^{[4, 6]} . Ateŋu aɖɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ɖo eye wòana T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, eye ateŋu akpɔ viɖe le dɔdamɔnu me na dɔléle siwo ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gblẽ alo mewɔa dɔ nyuie o abe dɔlékui sesẽwo kple esiwo nɔa anyi didi, kansa, kple atikewɔmɔnu ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ^[4] . Numekukuwo ɖo kpe edzi be le dɔlékuiwutike sesẽwo me la, wokpɔe be Thymosin Alpha-1 nana dɔlélenutsiŋutete gawɔa dɔ eye wòkpena ɖe dɔnɔwo ƒe ku dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ^{[4] .}.

Mɔxexe ɖe COVID-19 dɔlékuiwo kple kuxi siwo dona tso dɔnɔ siwo le ayiku me tsi me: 

Wobua dɔnɔ siwo ŋu ayikudɔléle si le nuwuwu (ESRD) le siwo xɔa ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ (HD) be woate ŋu axɔ SARS-CoV2 dɔlékui bɔbɔe le nusiwo nye tsitsi, dɔléle bubu siwo kpe ɖe eŋu ƒe agba, atike muamewo zazã, kple alesi wòhiã be woayi ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔdaƒewo enuenu ta. Numekuku gbãtɔwo ɖee fia be Thymosin Alpha-1, abe kpeɖeŋutɔ na dzamezã ƒe atike ene, ate ŋu ana ame tsitsiwo (siwo dome HD dɔnɔwo hã le) ƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo nawɔ nu ɖe ​​asrãtike ŋu eye wòaɖe dzamezã ƒe dɔlékuiwo dzi akpɔtɔ. Le COVID-19 dɔvɔ̃a ƒe gɔmedzedze la, numekulawo bu eŋu be Thymosin Alpha-1 dodo na HD dɔnɔwo ate ŋu aɖe COVID-19 dɔlékuiwo ƒe dzɔdzɔ kple woƒe sesẽ dzi akpɔtɔ. Le July 1, 2022 dzi la, wotsɔ ESRD/HD dɔnɔ 254 siwo tso ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔdaƒe atɔ̃ siwo le Kansas City, Missouri, de numekukua me, eye woma dɔnɔ 194 ɖe hatsotso A (si wodo Thymosin Alpha-1 1.6mg le ŋutigbalẽ te zi eve le kwasiɖa me hena kwasiɖa 8) kple ƒuƒoƒo B (ƒuƒoƒo si me wokpɔa wo gbɔ le, evɔ womexɔ Thymosin o la me le vome Alfa-1) ^{[7] .}.

Le nyataƒoƒo me la, abe polypeptide si si dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ tɔxɛwo le ene la, Thymosin Alpha-1 ɖee fia be woate ŋu azãe le go geɖe me le atikewɔwɔ me. Le dɔlékuiwo dada me la, ekpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe dɔlélewo abe aklãdɔléle B kple COVID-19 dzi. Menye ɖeko wòate ŋu ana dzesiawo dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ kabakaba eye wòaɖe abi dzi akpɔtɔ ko o, ke ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dɔlélea ƒe ŋgɔyiyi nu eye wòana dɔnɔwo ƒe hayahaya nanyo ɖe edzi. Le dɔdzẽ dada gome la, ate ŋu ana dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo naku to mɔ vovovowo dzi, ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe amewuwu ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi nadzi ɖe edzi, eye wòana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe nɔnɔme nanyo ɖe edzi, si aɖe dɔwɔwɔ nyui afia le kansa vovovowo abe lãkusi me kansa kple aklã me dɔdzẽ ene dada me.

Le Agbalẽŋlɔla La Ŋu

Nusiwo míeyɔ ɖe etame la katã nye esiwo ŋu Cocer Peptides wɔ numekuku le, trɔ asi le wo ŋu eye woƒo wo nu ƒu.

Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe Agbalẽŋlɔla

Wang Z nye numekula si si agbalẽnyanya vovovowo le eye wòkpɔ nuteƒekpɔkpɔ geɖe le nuwɔwɔ aduadu me le dɔwɔƒe geɖewo me. Woƒe numekuku siwo me wotsɔ ɖe le la ku ɖe dɔ vovovowo abe Mɔ̃ɖaŋuŋutinunya, Nukpɔkpɔ, Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya, Aɖudɔ, Nu me Amekoko & Atikewɔwɔ, kple Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya ene ŋu. Wang Z do ƒome kple habɔbɔ kple yunivɛsiti xɔŋkɔwo, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye China Yunivɛsiti ƒe Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya Suku (CAS), Yunnan Yunivɛsiti, Peking Yunivɛsiti, Hunan Agbledede Yunivɛsiti, Shanghai Jiao Tong Yunivɛsiti, kple bubu geɖewo. Woƒe dɔa ɖee fia be woƒe susu nɔa nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ kple nuwɔwɔ aduadu ŋu vevie, vevietɔ le nuto siwo ku ɖe kekeli dɔwɔƒewo ƒe optoelectronic engineering, atikewɔwɔ me zazã, kple nuwo ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya deŋgɔwo ŋu. To hadomeɖoɖowɔwɔ kple dɔwɔƒewo abe Jiangsu Nutome Numekuku Dɔwɔƒe si Kpɔa Light Industrial Optoelectronic Engineering & Technology kple Yamesrafowo ƒe Asrafowo ƒe Atikewɔwɔ Yunivɛsiti ene me la, Wang Z kpe asi ɖe nukpɔsusu ƒe ŋgɔyiyiwo kple dɔwɔwɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ siaa ŋu le woƒe nunya ƒe akpawo me. Woŋlɔ Wang Z ŋkɔ ɖe nyayɔyɔ ƒe numekugbalẽ me [2].

▎ Nyayɔyɔ Siwo Sɔ

[1] Sjogren M H. Thymalfasin: dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ŋusẽdoame na aklãdɔ dada.[J]. Journal of Dɔgbo kple aklãŋutinunya, 2004,19 Suppl 6: S69-S72. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2004.03635.x

[2] Wang Z, Wang C, Fei X, kple ame bubuwo. Thymalfasin ƒe atikewɔwɔ naa COVID-19 aklãdɔléle ƒe ɖɔɖɔɖo kabakaba to dɔlékuiwutikewo zazã ƒe mɔnuwo dzi[J]. Aklãdɔ, 2023, 15 (1).DOI: 10.1186 / s41479-023-00116-6.

[3] Shehadeh F, Benitez G, Mylona E. K., kple ame bubuwo. Thymalfasin (Thymosin-α-1) ƒe dodokpɔ dodokpɔ aɖe be woatsɔ ada dɔ na dɔnɔ siwo woxɔ ɖe kɔdzi kple Hypoxemia kple Lymphocytopenia le Coronavirus Disease 2019 Dɔlékui ta[J]. Dɔléle siwo xɔa ame ƒe agbalẽ, 2023,227 (2): 226-235.DOI: 10.1093 / infdis / jiac362.

[4] Mao L. Thymosin alpha 1-Gbugbɔ bu eƒe zazã si keke ta wu le dɔlélenutsiŋutete-kansadɔ ƒe ɣeyiɣia me ŋu kpɔ[J]. Dukɔwo Dome Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe Atikeŋutinunya, 2023,117.DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109952.

[5] Eya C, Peng W, Li C, kple ame bubuwo. Thymalfasin, si nye kpeɖeŋutɔtike si ŋugbe wodo le aklã me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔdzẽ suewo me le aklãɖeɖe vɔ megbe[J]. Atikewɔwɔ, 2017, 96 (16).DOI: 10.1097 / MD.0000000000006606.

[6] Dominari A, Hathaway Iii D, Pandav K, kple ame bubuwo. Thymosin alpha 1: Agbalẽawo me toto bliboe.[J]. Xexeame ƒe Dɔlékuiŋutinunya ƒe Agbalẽ, 2020,9 (5): 67-78.DOI: 10.5501 / wjv.v9.i5.67.

[7] Tuthill C. W., Awad A., Parrigon M., kple ame bubuwo. Thymalfasin (Ta1) ƒe dodokpɔ dodokpɔ aɖe be woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe covid-19 dɔlékui kple dɔlélewo nu le ayiku me ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔlélawo ŋu: Nyatakaka gbãtɔ[J]. Dukɔwo Dome Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe Atikeŋutinunya, 2023,117.DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109950.

NYATAKAKAWO KPLE NUSIWO WOTSƆ ƑE NYATAKAKA SIWO KAtã WOÐO LE NYATAKAKADZRAÐOƑE SIA ME LA KPLE NYATAKAKAWO kaka KPLEE NUFIAFIA ƑE TAÐOÐOWO KO.  

Wotrɔ asi le atike siwo wona le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu na numekuku le vitro ɖeɖeko. Wowɔa numekuku le vitro (Latingbe me: *le ahuhɔ̃e me*, si gɔmee nye le ahuhɔ̃e me) le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã godo. Atike siawo menye atikewo o, United States ƒe Nuɖuɖu Kple Atike Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (FDA) meda asi ɖe wo dzi o, eye mele be woazã wo atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe atikewɔwɔ, dɔléle, alo dɔléle aɖeke nu, adae, alo adae o. Se de se vevie be woatsɔ atike siawo ade amegbetɔ alo lãwo ƒe ŋutilã me le mɔ ɖesiaɖe nu.