Na Cocer Peptides 
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INGINGO ZOSE N'AMAKURU Y’IBICURUZWA BITANZWE KURI URU RUBUGA BISANZWE KUBONA AMAKURU N'INTEGO Z'UBUREZI.
Ibicuruzwa byatanzwe kururu rubuga bigenewe gusa mubushakashatsi bwa vitro. Mu bushakashatsi bwa vitro (Ikilatini: * mu kirahure *, bisobanura mu bikoresho by'ibirahure) bikorwa hanze y'umubiri w'umuntu. Ibicuruzwa ntabwo ari imiti, ntabwo byemejwe n’ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge (FDA), kandi ntigomba gukoreshwa mu gukumira, kuvura, cyangwa gukiza indwara iyo ari yo yose y’ubuvuzi, indwara, cyangwa indwara. Birabujijwe rwose n'amategeko kwinjiza ibyo bicuruzwa mumubiri wabantu cyangwa inyamaswa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.
Gukura Hormone (GH) igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byinshi bya physiologique, harimo gukura, iterambere, no guhinduranya metabolike mubinyabuzima. Ururenda rwarwo rugengwa neza na sisitemu igoye ya neuroendocrine, kandi Gukura Hormone-Kurekura Peptide (GHRPs) ni icyiciro cyibintu bitera imisemburo ikura, bikurura abashakashatsi. Ipamorelin, nk'umwe mu bagize umuryango wa GHRP, yihagararaho kubera imiterere yihariye kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guteza imbere imisemburo ikura.
Urebye imiterere yimiti, Ipamorelin ni pentapeptide ikora. Iyi miterere irayihambira cyane kuri Growth Hormone-Isohora Peptide Receptor (GHRP-R), ikabasha gukora neza reseptor no gutangiza urukurikirane rwinzira zerekana ibimenyetso, bityo bigatuma imisemburo ikura ikura.
Ugereranije no Gukura Hormone-Kurekura Hormone (GHRH), Ipamorelin itanga ibyiza byinshi bidasanzwe. GHRH ikora cyane cyane kuri reseptor ya GHRH hejuru yimisemburo ikura ya hormone ikura mumyanya ndangagitsina ya pitoito imbere kugirango ikangure kandi irekure imisemburo ikura. Ipamorelin ntabwo ikora gusa kuri glande ya pitoito ahubwo inayobora mu buryo butaziguye imisemburo ikura ikura kuri hypothalamus no mu tundi turere, itanga inzira zitandukanye zitandukanye. Ipamorelin igaragaza guhitamo kwinshi mu guteza imbere imisemburo ikura ya hormone, ikagaragaza ingaruka zigaragara cyane ku mikurire y’imisemburo ikura mu gihe igira ingaruka nkeya ku gipimo cya plasma cy’indi misemburo ya pitoito nka hormone itera imisemburo (FSH), imisemburo ya luteinizing (LH), prolactine (PRL), na hormone itera tiroyide (TSH).
Mu bushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa, Ipamorelin yerekanye imbaraga nziza mu guteza imbere imisemburo ikura mu buryo butandukanye bw’inyamaswa, urugero nk'imbeba, ingurube, intama, n'imbwa. Mu bushakashatsi bwimbeba, nyuma yubuyobozi bwa Ipamorelin, hagaragaye ubwiyongere bwihuse bwimisemburo ya hormone ikura ya plasma, byerekana isano iterwa na dose. Ibi byerekana ko Ipamorelin ishobora kugenzura neza imisemburo ikura, ikanatanga ibimenyetso byubushakashatsi byerekana ko ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuzamura imikorere y’inyamaswa no kuvura indwara zifitanye isano.
Igishushanyo 1 Imbonerahamwe 1 Imiterere - isano yibikorwa bya pentapeptide zimwe na zimwe kuri GH kurekura ingirabuzimafatizo za pituito muri vitro - kugereranya na GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, na GHRH. Ibisubizo byerekanwe nkuburyo ± SEM (n = 3-6 ubushakashatsi butandukanye).
Uburyo bwibikorwa bya Ipamorelin mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura
Imikoranire na hormone ikura irekura peptide reseptor
Intambwe yambere yambere muruhare rwa Ipamorelin mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura ni uburyo bwihariye bwo guhuza imisemburo ikura peptide (GHRP-R). GHRP-R ni iy'imyororokere ya G ya proteine ihujwe na superfamily kandi ikwirakwizwa cyane muri pitoito y'imbere, hypothalamus, hamwe nizindi ngingo zose. Imiterere ya pentapeptide ya Ipamorelin ituma ishobora guhuza neza nu mufuka uhuza ligand-uhuza umufuka wa GHRP-R, bigatuma habaho impinduka zifatika mubyakirwa. Ihinduka rihuza rikora nka 'hindura ' kugirango utangire kwanduza ibimenyetso byimitsi, byemerera GHRP-R gukorana no gukora poroteyine zo hasi G.
GHRP-R ikora iteza imbere guanosine nucleotide yo guhana muri proteine G α subunit ihujwe na yo, hamwe na GDP yasimbuwe na GTP, bigatuma G protein α subunit itandukana na poroteyine G βγ dimer. Poroteyine G yatandukanijwe α subunit na G protein βγ dimer irashobora kurushaho gukora inzira zinyuranye zohereza ibimenyetso byerekana inzira zoherejwe, bigatera urukurikirane rw'ingaruka zishingiye ku binyabuzima, amaherezo bigatuma imisemburo ikura yiyongera.
CJC-1295, nk'imisemburo ikura ya hormone ikura, ifasha mukugabanya ibiro, kongera imitsi, kuvugurura uruhu, kunoza ibitotsi, no gukira ibikomere. Ipamorelin ni pentapeptide ikomatanya iri mu cyiciro cya hormone ikura peptide (secretagogues). Itera irekura imisemburo ikura kandi ikagira ingaruka ku mikorere itandukanye ya physiologique, harimo kwihutisha gusiba gastrica, kunoza ibimenyetso byo guhagarika amara nyuma yo kubagwa, gutera insuline gusohora, no kurwanya ingaruka za catabolike ya glucocorticoide kumitsi ya magufa no kumagufwa. Kwiga ingaruka ziterwa nibi bice byombi bishobora gutera intambwe nshya mubuzima, ubuvuzi bwa siporo, no kuvura indwara.
Igicapo 2 Plasma GH urwego nigihe cyingurube zikurikira iv ubuyobozi bwa dosiye zitandukanye za ipamorelin.
Gukora inzira yimyanya ndangagitsina
Fosifolipase C - protein kinase C inzira (PLC - PKC inzira): G poroteyine G ikora α subunit irashobora gukora fosifolipase C (PLC), hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosifate (PIP2) kuri membrane ya selile mubutumwa bubiri bwa kabiri: inositol-1,4,5-trisgosphate. IP3 ikwirakwira muri cytoplazme, ihuza reseptor ya IP3 kuri reticulum ya endoplasme, kandi iteza imbere irekurwa rya calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) muri reticulum ya endoplasmeque, bigatuma ubwiyongere bwihuse bwimyanya myibarukiro ya Ca 2+ . DAG iguma kuri selile ya selile no gukora protein kinase C (PKC). PKC irashobora kugena imiterere ya genes zifitanye isano na fosifora ikurikirana ya poroteyine zo mu nsi zo hasi, nk'ibintu byandikirwa, bityo bigatera guhuza no gusohora imisemburo ikura. Kwiyongera kwinshi kwa Ca⊃2; ⁺ kwibanda birashobora kandi gukora muburyo butaziguye kumitsi yibanga kugirango itume imisemburo ikura.
Mitogen-ikora protein kinase inzira (MAPK inzira): Usibye inzira ya PLC-PKC, Ipamorelin ikora protein kinase ikora protein kinase nyuma yo gukora GHRP-R kugirango itume imisemburo ikura. Poroteyine G βγ dimer ikora guanine nucleotide yo guhanahana ibintu (GEF), iteza imbere ihinduka rya GDP rihujwe na poroteyine ya Ras kuri GTP, bityo bigatuma poroteyine ya Ras. Poroteyine ikora ya Ras irusheho gukora poroteyine ya Raf, fosifori kandi ikora poroteyine ikora ya poroteyine kinase kinase (MEK). MEK noneho fosifora kandi igakora ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bigengwa na kinase (ERK). Nyuma yo kwinjira muri selile, ERK fosifora ikurikirana ibintu byinshi byandikirwa, nka Elk-1, igenga imiterere ya genes zijyanye no gukura imisemburo ya hormone ikura no gusohora, bityo bigatera imbere no gusohora imisemburo ikura.
Amabwiriza ya hypothalamic-pitoitar axis
Hypothalamic-pituito axis igira uruhare runini mugutunganya imisemburo ikura. Ipamorelin ntabwo ikora gusa ku ngirabuzimafatizo ya hormone ikura muri glande y'imbere ya pitoito kugira ngo itume imisemburo ikura ikura ariko kandi igira uruhare rutaziguye imisemburo ikura binyuze mu kugenzura hypothalamus. GHRH na somatostatine (SST) byasohowe na hypothalamus bigira ingaruka zo kwamamaza no kubuza imisemburo ikura. Ipamorelin irashobora kugenga mu buryo butaziguye imisemburo ikura ikura mu guhindura synthesis no kurekura GHRH na SST muri neuron ya hypothalamic. Ipamorelin irashobora guhagarika ibikorwa bya neurone ya SST muri hypothalamus, bikagabanya irekurwa rya SST, bityo bikagabanya ingaruka mbi za SST kumisemburo ikura. Ipamorelin irashobora kandi kongera umunezero wa neurone ya GHRH, igatera irekurwa rya GHRH, kandi ikanatera imbaraga imisemburo ikura. Izi ngaruka zibiri zigenga hypothalamic-pituito axis ituma Ipamorelin igenga imisemburo ikura.
Uruhare rwa Ipamorelin mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura
Guteza imbere iterambere n'iterambere
Mugihe cyo gukura kwinyamanswa no gukura, imisemburo ikura igira uruhare runini mugutegeka, kandi Ipamorelin igira ingaruka nziza kumikurire yinyamanswa no gukura mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura. Mu nyamaswa zikiri nto, gukoresha Ipamorelin byongera cyane umuvuduko wo gukura. Dufashe nk'imbeba nk'urugero, nyuma yo gutanga urugero rukwiye rwa Ipamorelin, imbeba zigaragaza umuvuduko ukabije w’ibiro, kongera ubwiyongere no gutandukanya amasahani yo gukura kw'amagufwa, kandi byongera uburebure bw'amagufwa maremare. Ibi birashobora guterwa nuko imisemburo ikura itera umusaruro wa insuline imeze nkikura-1 (IGF-1) mumyanya nkumwijima. IGF-1 ikwirakwira mu maraso ikagera ku ngingo nk'amagufwa, igatera ikwirakwizwa no gutandukanya chondrocytes, bityo bikorohereza gukura kw'amagufwa. Ipamorelin iteza imbere imisemburo ikura, ikongera mu buryo butaziguye umusaruro wa IGF-1, bityo byihuta gukura kw'amagufwa no gukura.
Ipamorelin nayo iteza imbere imitsi. Gukura imisemburo itera intungamubiri za poroteyine, ikabuza kugabanuka kwa poroteyine, kandi ikongera imitsi. Mu bushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa, nyuma yo gutanga Ipamorelin, inyamaswa zerekanaga fibre nini cyane kandi zongerera imbaraga imitsi.
Ingaruka zigenga kuri metabolism
Glucose metabolism igenga: Ipamorelin ituma imisemburo ikura ikura, ikagira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe kuri glucose metabolism. Gukura imisemburo ifite uruhare runini muri glucose metabolism. Ku rwego rwa physiologique, imisemburo ikura itera ururenda rwa insuline, itera glucose gufata no kuyikoresha, kandi igabanya urugero rwa glucose. Iyo yibanze cyane, imisemburo ikura igaragaza ingaruka zo kurwanya insuline, ikabuza gufata glucose ya periferique no kuyikoresha, bityo glucose yamaraso ikiyongera. Ipamorelin igira uruhare rutaziguye glucose metabolism iringaniza imisemburo ikura. Mu nyamaswa zisanzwe, ibipimo bikwiye bya Ipamorelin birashobora kugumana glucose yamaraso kurwego rushimishije, ibyo bikaba bishobora guterwa no guteza imbere imisemburo ikura ya hormone ikura, ari nako itera gusohora insuline ku rugero runaka, bityo bikagenga glucose yamaraso. Mubyitegererezo byinyamanswa ya diyabete, ingaruka za Ipamorelin ziragoye; irashobora kunoza insuline irwanya imisemburo ikura, bityo ikagira ingaruka nziza mugucunga glucose.
Kugenzura ibinure byamavuta: Gukura imisemburo itera kugabanuka kwamavuta, byongera okiside ya aside irike kugirango itange ingufu, kandi bigabanye kwegeranya amavuta. Ipamorelin ituma imisemburo ikura ikura, bityo ikagira ingaruka ku mikorere ya metabolism. Mu bushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa, nyuma yo gutanga Ipamorelin, ibinure biri mu mibiri y’inyamaswa byagabanutse cyane cyane nko mu nda. Ni ukubera ko imisemburo ikura ikora lipase (HSL) yangiza imisemburo ya selile, itera hydrolysis ya triglyceride muri aside irike na glycerol. Amavuta acide noneho yinjira mitochondriya kugirango β-okiside kugirango itange ingufu. Imisemburo ikura nayo ibuza gutandukanya ingirabuzimafatizo, kugabanya umubare wazo no kugabanya ibinure byumubiri. Ipamorelin, mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura ya hormone, igira uruhare mukugenzura metabolisme yibinure no kugenzura ibiro byumubiri.
Ingaruka zo gusana imyenda no kuvugurura
Imisemburo yo gukura igira uruhare runini mugusana ingirabuzima fatizo. Ipamorelin, mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura, itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gusana ingirabuzima fatizo. Mu ngingo zangiritse, imisemburo ikura irashobora gutuma ikwirakwizwa ry'uturemangingo no gutandukana, bigatera guhuza ibice bigize matrice idasanzwe nka kolagen, kandi byihuta gukira ibikomere. Muburyo bwo gukomeretsa uruhu, nyuma yo gukoresha Ipamorelin, ikwirakwizwa rya fibroblast ahakomeretse ryihuta, ububiko bwa kolagen bwiyongera, kandi igihe cyo gukira ibikomere kigufi. Ibi birashobora guterwa na hormone yo gukura itera fibroblast gusohora cytokine nko guhindura ibintu bikura-β (TGF-β), bikomeza gutera fibroblast ikwirakwizwa na synthesis ya kolagen. Imisemburo ikura kandi itera kwiyongera no kwimuka kwingirabuzimafatizo ya endoteliyale, byorohereza imitsi mishya y'amaraso kugirango itange imirire ihagije na ogisijeni ku ngingo zangiritse, bityo byihutishe gusana ingirangingo. Uruhare rwa Ipamorelin mugutezimbere gusana no kuvugurura ibice bituma iba umukandida utanga ikizere cyo gusaba ibisabwa mu kuvura ihahamuka, kubaga plastique, no mu zindi nzego.
Gukoresha Ipamorelin mugutezimbere imisemburo ikura
Ibishoboka mubisabwa mubuvuzi
Umuti wo kubura imisemburo ikura: Gukura kwa hormone gukura ni indwara iterwa no gusohora imisemburo idahagije yo gukura, irangwa no kuba mugufi no gutinda gukura no gukura. Ugereranije nubuvuzi gakondo bwo gusimbuza imisemburo, Ipamorelin itera imisemburo ikura ya endogenous hormone, ikirinda ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zijyanye no gukoresha igihe kirekire imisemburo ikura. Ubushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi bwerekanye ko mu barwayi bamwe na bamwe bafite ikibazo cyo kubura imisemburo ikura, gukoresha Ipamorelin byongera neza imisemburo ikura, byihuta gukura, kandi bikazamura imibereho.
Ubuvuzi burwanya gusaza: Uko abantu basaza, imisemburo yo gukura ikura buhoro buhoro, ibyo bikaba bifitanye isano rya bugufi n’imihindagurikire y’imiterere myinshi. Ipamorelin, iteza imbere imisemburo ikura ya hormone, ifite uruhare runini mubijyanye no kurwanya gusaza. Mu kongera imisemburo ikura, Ipamorelin irashobora kunoza umubiri wumusaza, kongera imitsi, kugabanya ibinure, kongera ubwinshi bwamagufwa, no kunoza uruhu rworoshye. Igeragezwa rya Clinical ryerekanye ko abantu bageze mu zabukuru bakoresha Ipamorelin mu kigero gikwiye bafite uburambe mu mikorere yumubiri, imbaraga, ndetse nubwenge.
Guteza imbere gukira ibikomere: Ipamorelin iteza imbere gusana ingirabuzima fatizo no kuvugurura imisemburo ikura imisemburo ikura. Mubikorwa byubuvuzi, kubarwayi bafite ibikomere bimwe na bimwe, nko gutwikwa cyangwa kuvunika, gukoresha Ipamorelin birashobora kwihutisha gukira ibikomere no kugabanya ibibazo biterwa. Mu barwayi batwitse, Ipamorelin irashobora guteza epithelialisation yubuso bw igikomere no kugabanya inkovu; mu barwayi bavunitse, irashobora guteza imbere amagufwa ya callus no kwihuta gukira. Ibi bitanga uburyo bushya bwo kuvura uburyo bwo kuvura ihungabana, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kuzamura ibisubizo byubuvuzi.
Gusaba Ubuvuzi bwa Siporo
Bitewe nubushobozi bwayo bwo gutera imisemburo ikura ya hormone, irashobora kongera imitsi, kongera imikorere ya siporo, no kwihuta gukira nyuma yimyitozo. Mu bakinnyi bakora imyitozo ikomeye, Ipamorelin irashobora kubafasha kugarura imbaraga z'umubiri vuba, kugabanya umunaniro wimitsi, no kugabanya ibyago byo gukomeretsa. Mu bakinnyi bihangana, Ipamorelin irashobora kongera kwihanganira imyitozo iteza imbere ibinure; mubakinnyi bakomeye, birashobora kongera imbaraga nimbaraga.
Umwanzuro
Muri make, nka pentapeptide itera imisemburo ikura, Ipamorelin yerekana uruhare runini mukuzamuka no kwiteza imbere, kugenzura metabolike, gusana ingirangingo, nibindi bice bitandukanye bikoreshwa.
Inkomoko
[1] Papak M. Ipamorelin - struktura i funkcija, 2016 [C]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:78470780
[2] Adeghate E, Ponery AS, Emirates U A. ORIGINALARTICLE Uburyo bwa ipamorelin yatewe na insuline yatewe na pancreas yimbeba zisanzwe na diyabete, 2004 [C]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:74621068
[3] Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, n'abandi. Ipamorelin, imisemburo ya mbere yo gukura ikura imisemburo secretagogue. [J] Ikinyamakuru cyo mu Burayi cya Endocrinology, 1998,139 5: 552-561.
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