Site na Cocer Peptides 
ụbọchị iri na ise gara aga
Edemede na ozi ngwaahịa niile enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka mgbasa ozi na ebumnuche mmụta.
Ngwaahịa ndị enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka nyocha in vitro. A na-eme nyocha in vitro (Latin: * na iko *, nke pụtara na ihe eji enyo) na mpụga ahụ mmadụ. Ngwaahịa ndị a abụghị ọgwụ, ndị US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) akwadoghị ya, ha agaghịkwa eji ya gbochie, gwọọ, ma ọ bụ gwọọ ọnọdụ ahụike ọ bụla, ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọrịa. Iwu amachibidoro nke ọma iwebata ngwaahịa ndị a n'ime ahụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ n'ụdị ọ bụla.
Hormone uto (GH) na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ọtụtụ usoro physiological, gụnyere uto, mmepe na usoro metabolic na ihe ndị dị ndụ. A na-ahazi ihe nzuzo ya nke ọma site na sistemu neuroendocrine dị mgbagwoju anya, yana Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptides (GHRPs) bụ klas nke ihe na-akpali secretion nke homonụ uto, na-adọta nlebara anya dị ukwuu n'aka ndị nyocha. Ipamorelin, dị ka onye òtù ezinụlọ GHRP, na-apụta maka nhazi ya pụrụ iche na ikike a na-akpọ iji kwalite mmepụta hormone nke uto.
Site na usoro nhazi kemịkalụ, Ipamorelin bụ pentapeptide sịntetik. Ihe owuwu a na-enye ya nnukwu mmekọrịta maka Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide Receptor (GHRP-R), na-enyere ya aka ime ka onye na-anabata ya rụọ ọrụ nke ọma ma malite usoro nrịbama nke intracellular, si otú ahụ na-akwalite secretion hormone uto.
Tụnyere Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH), Ipamorelin na-enye ọtụtụ uru pụrụ iche. GHRH na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ndị na-anabata GHRH n'elu mkpụrụ ndụ hormone na-eto eto na gland pituitary nke dị n'ihu iji kpalie njikọ na ntọhapụ nke hormone ibu. Ọ bụghị naanị na Ipamorelin na-arụ ọrụ ozugbo na gland pituitary kamakwa na-achịkwa mmepụta homonụ nke uto site na ime ihe na hypothalamus na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, na-enye ụzọ dị iche iche nke ime ihe. Ipamorelin na-egosipụta nhọrọ dị elu n'ịkwalite secretion nke hormone uto, na-egosipụta mmetụta na-akpali akpali karị na mmepụta hormone nke uto ma na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na ọkwa plasma nke hormones pituitary ndị ọzọ dị ka follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), na hormone na-akpali akpali (TSH).
N'ime nnwale anụmanụ, Ipamorelin gosipụtara arụmọrụ dị oke mma n'ịkwalite secretion hormone uto gafee ụdị anụmanụ dị iche iche, gụnyere oke, ezì, atụrụ, na nkịta. Na nyocha nke oke, na-esochi nchịkwa nke Ipamorelin, a na-ahụ mmụba ngwa ngwa na ọkwa hormone na-eto eto na plasma, na-egosipụta mmekọrịta dabere na dose. Nke a na-egosi na Ipamorelin nwere ike ịhazi ihe nzuzo nke hormone uto nke ọma, na-enye ihe akaebe nnwale siri ike maka ngwa ya nwere ike ime ka ọrụ uto anụmanụ dịkwuo mma na ịgwọ ọrịa ndị metụtara ya.
Ọgụgụ 1 Tebụl 1 Ọdịdị-mmekọrịta mmemme nke ụfọdụ pentapeptides ọhụrụ na mwepụta GH sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ pituitary oke na vitro - ntụnyere GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, na GHRH. E gosipụtara nsonaazụ ya dị ka ± SEM (n = 3-6 nnwale dị iche iche).
Usoro nke ime ihe nke Ipamorelin n'ịkwalite mmepụta nke hormone uto
Mmekọrịta ya na ihe nnabata peptide na-ewepụta homonụ uto
Isi nzọụkwụ mbụ na ọrụ Ipamorelin n'ịkwalite secretion nke hormone uto bụ njikọ ya kpọmkwem na onye na-anabata peptide na-ewepụta hormone na-eto eto (GHRP-R). GHRP-R bụ nke nnukwu ezinụlọ nnabata protein jikọtara ọnụ ma na-ekesa ya na pituitary anterior, hypothalamus, na anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ. Ọdịdị pentapeptide nke Ipamorelin na-enyere ya aka ịmekọrịta kpọmkwem na akpa ligand na-ejikọta nke GHRP-R, na-ebute mgbanwe mgbanwe na onye na-anabata ya. Mgbanwe mgbanwe a na-arụ ọrụ dị ka 'mgbanwe' iji malite ntụgharị nrịbama intracellular, na-enye ohere ka GHRP-R na-emekọrịta ihe ma mee ka protein G dị ala.
GHRP-R arụ ọrụ na-akwalite mgbanwe guanosine nucleotide na ngalaba G protein α jikọtara ya na GTP dochie ya, na-eme ka ngalaba G protein α kewapụ na protein βγ dimer. Ihe dị iche iche G protein α subunit na G protein βγ dimer nwere ike ime ka ụzọ ntụgharị mgbama dị iche iche dị n'okpuru ala, na-ebute usoro mmetụta ndụ intracellular, n'ikpeazụ na-eduga n'ịba ụba mmepụta nke hormone uto.
CJC-1295, dị ka analọg nke uto homonụ sịntetik, na-enyere aka n'ibelata ibu, nkwalite ahụ ike, mmeghari anụ ahụ, mmelite ụra, na ọgwụgwọ ọnya. Ipamorelin bụ pentapeptide sịntetik nke nọ na klas nke peptides na-ewepụta homonụ na-eto eto (ihe nzuzo). Ọ na-akpali mwepụta nke homonụ na-eto eto ma na-emetụta usoro ahụike dị iche iche, gụnyere ime ngwa ngwa imeju afọ, na-eme ka mgbaàmà mgbochi eriri afọ na-aga n'ihu, na-akpali mmepụta insulin, na igbochi mmetụta catabolic nke glucocorticoids na akwara na ọkpụkpụ. Ịmụ mmetụta synergistic nke ogige abụọ a nwere ike iduga ọganihu ọhụrụ na ahụike, ọgwụ egwuregwu, na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ndị metụtara ya.
Ọdịiche 2 Plasma GH na oge na ezì na-esochi nchịkwa iv nke dị iche iche nke ipamorelin.
Ịgbalite ụzọ ntụgharị mgbaàmà intracellular
Phospholipase C - protein kinase C ụzọ (PLC - PKC ụzọ): G protein α subunit na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ime ka phospholipase C (PLC) mee ka phospholipase C (PLC), nke hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) na akpụkpọ ahụ cell n'ime ndị ozi abụọ dị mkpa: inositol-1,4,4,5-glycerol). IP3 na-agbasa n'ime cytoplasm, na-ejikọta IP3 ndị na-anabata ya na endoplasmic reticulum, ma na-akwalite ntọhapụ nke calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) site na endoplasmic reticulum, na-eme ka mmụba ngwa ngwa na ntinye Ca 2+ intracellular . DAG na-anọgide na akpụkpọ ahụ cell ma na-arụ ọrụ protein kinase C (PKC). PKC nwere ike ịhazi okwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa metụtara ya site na phosphorylating usoro nke protein substrate substrate, dị ka ihe odide ederede, si otú ahụ na-akwalite njikọ na nzuzo nke hormone uto. Ca⊃2 intracellular dị elu nwere ike ime ihe ozugbo na vesicles nzuzo iji kwalite ntọhapụ nke homonụ na-eto eto.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase ụzọ (ụzọ MAPK): Na mgbakwunye na ụzọ PLC-PKC, Ipamorelin na-eme ka ụzọ protein kinase nke mitogen na-arụ ọrụ mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ GHRP-R iji kwalite mmepụta hormone nke uto. G protein βγ dimer na-arụ ọrụ guanine nucleotide Exchange factor (GEF), nke na-akwalite ntughari nke GDP jikọtara na protein Ras na GTP, si otú ahụ na-arụ ọrụ protein Ras. Protein Ras na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka protein Raf rụọ ọrụ, nke na-emepụta phosphorylates ma na-arụ ọrụ protein kinase kinase nke mitogen-activated (MEK). A na-emezi MEK phosphorylated ma mee ka kinase na-achịkwa mgbaàmà extracellular (ERK). Mgbe ịbanye n'ime cell cell, ERK phosphorylates usoro ihe odide ederede, dị ka Elk-1, na-achịkwa okwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa metụtara mmepụta hormone na-eto eto na nzuzo, si otú ahụ na-akwalite mmepụta na ntọhapụ nke hormone na-eto eto.
Usoro nke hypothalamic-pituitary axis
Hypothalamic-pituitary axis na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na nhazi nke mmepụta homonụ nke uto. Ọ bụghị naanị na Ipamorelin na-arụ ọrụ ozugbo na mkpụrụ ndụ hormone na-eto eto na gland pituitary nke dị n'ihu iji kwalite mmepụta nke hormone uto mana ọ na-emetụtakwa ntọhapụ nke hormone uto site na nhazi nke hypothalamus. GHRH na somatostatin (SST) nke hypothalamus zoro ezo nwere mmetụta nkwado na mgbochi na nzuzo nke homonụ uto, n'otu n'otu. Ipamorelin nwere ike na-achịkwa nzuzo nke hormone uto site n'ịgbanwe njikọ na ntọhapụ nke GHRH na SST na neurons hypothalamic. Ipamorelin nwere ike igbochi ọrụ nke SST neurons na hypothalamus, na-ebelata ntọhapụ SST, si otú ahụ na-ebelata mmetụta mgbochi nke SST na mmepụta hormone nke uto. Ipamorelin nwekwara ike ịkwalite mkpali nke neurons GHRH, kwalite ntọhapụ GHRH, ma na-akpalite mmepụta nke homonụ na-eto eto. Mmetụta nchịkwa abụọ a na hypothalamic-pituitary axis na-enyere Ipamorelin aka ịhazi ọkwa mmepụta nke hormone uto.
Ọrụ nke Ipamorelin n'ịkwalite mmepụta hormone nke uto
Na-akwalite uto na mmepe
N'oge uto na mmepe nke anụmanụ, hormone na-eto eto na-arụ ọrụ nchịkwa dị mkpa, na Ipamorelin na-emetụta uto na mmepe nke anụmanụ site n'ịkwalite secretion hormone. N'ime ụmụ anụmanụ na-eto eto, iji Ipamorelin na-abawanye ụba nke ukwuu. Na-ewere oke dị ka ihe atụ, mgbe ha nyechara Ipamorelin kwesịrị ekwesị, oke na-egosipụta mmụba dị ngwa ngwa, mmụba dị elu na ọdịiche nke efere ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ, na ụba ogologo ọkpụkpụ. Enwere ike ịsị na nke a bụ eziokwu na hormone na-eto eto na-akpali mmepụta nke insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) na anụ ahụ dị ka imeju. IGF-1 na-ekesa site na ọbara na anụ ahụ dị ka ọkpụkpụ, na-akwalite mmụba na ọdịiche nke chondrocytes, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ dịkwuo mma. Ipamorelin na-akwalite mmepụta nke hormone na-eto eto, na-amụba mmepụta IGF-1 na-apụtaghị ìhè, si otú a na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na ọganihu dịkwuo elu.
Ipamorelin na-akwalitekwa mmepe akwara. Hormone na-eto eto na-akwalite njikọ protein, na-egbochi ndakpọ protein, ma na-abawanye uru ahụ. N'ime nnwale anụmanụ, mgbe ha nwesịrị Ipamorelin, anụmanụ ndị ahụ gosipụtara eriri anụ ahụ buru ibu ma kwalite ike akwara.
Mmetụta nchịkwa na metabolism
Glucose metabolism regulation: Ipamorelin na-akwalite mmepụta nke homonụ na-eto eto, na-enwe mmetụta ụfọdụ na-achịkwa glucose metabolism. Hormone uto nwere ọrụ abụọ na metabolism metabolism. N'ọkwa physiological, homonụ na-eto eto na-akpali mmepụta insulin, na-akwalite nnabata glucose na itinye n'ọrụ, na-ebelata ọkwa glucose ọbara. N'ihe dị elu, homonụ na-eto eto na-egosipụta mmetụta mgbochi insulin, na-egbochi nnabata glucose anụ ahụ dị n'akụkụ, si otú a na-abawanye ọkwa glucose ọbara. Ipamorelin na-emetụta nguzozi glucose metabolism n'ụzọ na-edoghị anya site na ịhazi nzuzo nzuzo nke hormone uto. Na anụmanụ nkịtị, doses kwesịrị ekwesị nke Ipamorelin nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe glucose ọbara n'ogo siri ike, nke nwere ike ịsị na ọ na-akwalite mmepụta nke hormone na-eto eto, nke na-akpali mmepụta insulin ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, si otú ahụ na-achịkwa glucose ọbara. N'ụdị anụmanụ na-arịa ọrịa shuga, mmetụta nke Ipamorelin dị mgbagwoju anya; ọ nwere ike imeziwanye nguzogide insulin site n'ịhazi mmepụta homonụ nke uto, si otú a na-enwe mmetụta dị mma na njikwa glucose ọbara.
Usoro nhazi nke abụba: hormone na-eto eto na-akwalite ndakpọ abụba, na-abawanye oxidation fatty acid maka mmepụta ume, ma na-ebelata mkpokọta abụba. Ipamorelin na-akwalite mmepụta nke homonụ na-eto eto, si otú ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nchịkwa ya na metabolism abụba. N'ime nnwale anụmanụ, mgbe o nyechara Ipamorelin, abụba dị n'ime ahụ anụmanụ na-ebelata, ọkachasị n'akụkụ dị ka afọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na hormone na-eto eto na-eme ka lipase hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ abụba, na-akwalite hydrolysis nke triglycerides n'ime acid fatty na glycerol. Fatty acids wee banye mitochondria maka β-oxidation iji mepụta ume. Hormone uto na-egbochikwa ọdịiche nke mkpụrụ ndụ abụba, na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ha ma na-ebelata ọdịnaya abụba nke anụ ahụ. Ipamorelin, site n'ịkwalite secretion hormone nke uto, na-ekere òkè n'ịhazi abụba abụba na ịchịkwa ibu ahụ.
Mmetụta na nrụzi anụ ahụ na ịmaliteghachi
Hormone na-eto eto na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ịrụzi anụ ahụ na mmụgharị. Ipamorelin, site n'ịkwalite mmepụta nke hormone na-eto eto, na-enye ọnọdụ dị mma maka ịrụzi anụ ahụ na ịmaliteghachi. N'ime anụ ahụ mebiri emebi, hormone nke na-eto eto nwere ike ịkpalite mmụba cell na ọdịiche dị iche iche, na-akwalite njikọ nke akụkụ matrix extracellular dị ka collagen, ma mee ka ọgwụgwọ ọnya dịkwuo ngwa. N'ụdị mmerụ ahụ akpụkpọ ahụ, mgbe ejiri Ipamorelin mee ihe, mmụba fibroblast na saịtị ọnya na-eme ngwa ngwa, ntinye nke collagen na-abawanye, na oge ọgwụgwọ ọnya na-ebelata. Enwere ike ịsị nke a na hormone nke na-eto eto na-akwalite mmepụta nke fibroblast nke cytokines dị ka mgbanwe na-eto eto-β (TGF-β), nke na-eme ka fibroblast gbasaa na njikọ collagen. Hormone na-eto eto na-akwalitekwa mmụba na ịkwaga nke mkpụrụ ndụ endothelial vaskụla, na-eme ka e guzobe arịa ọbara ọhụrụ iji nye nri zuru oke na ikuku oxygen na anụ ahụ mebiri emebi, si otú ahụ na-eme ka mmezi anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu. Ọrụ Ipamorelin n'ịkwalite nrụzi anụ ahụ na mmụgharị na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ekwe nkwa maka ngwa nwere ike na ọgwụgwọ trauma, ịwa ahụ plastik, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.
Ngwa nke Ipamorelin na-akwalite mmepụta homonụ nke uto
Ngwa enwere ike na ngalaba ahụike
Ọgwụgwọ ụkọ homonụ na-eto eto: ụkọ homonụ na-eto eto bụ ọnọdụ nke ụkọ homonụ na-eto eto na-akpata ezughị oke, nke ejiri ogologo mkpụmkpụ na igbu oge na uto na mmepe. Tụnyere usoro ọgwụgwọ nnọchi homonụ uto ọdịnala, Ipamorelin na-akpali secretion nke uto homonụ, na-ezere ụfọdụ mmetụta ndị metụtara iji ogologo oge nke homonụ uto exogenous. Nnyocha ụlọ ọgwụ egosila na ụfọdụ ndị ọrịa nwere ụkọ hormone na-eto eto, iji Ipamorelin na-eme ka ọkwa hormone na-eto eto na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ọganihu dị elu dịkwuo elu, na-eme ka ndụ dịkwuo mma.
Ọgwụ mgbochi ịka nká: Ka ndị mmadụ na-akawanye nká, mmepụta nke homonụ na-eto eto na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata, bụ nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọtụtụ mgbanwe physiological metụtara afọ. Ipamorelin, nke na-akwalite mmepụta nke hormone na-eto eto, nwere ọrụ ụfọdụ n'ọhịa nke mgbochi ịka nká. Site n'ịba ụba nke hormone na-eto eto, Ipamorelin nwere ike imeziwanye ihe mejupụtara ahụ na ndị agadi, mee ka ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu, belata nchịkọta abụba, mee ka ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ dịkwuo elu, ma melite mgbatị akpụkpọ ahụ. Nnwale ụlọ ọgwụ egosila na ndị agadi na-eji Ipamorelin na usoro kwesịrị ekwesị na-enweta ọganihu na ọrụ anụ ahụ, ume, na ọnọdụ uche.
Na-akwalite ọgwụgwọ ọnya: Ipamorelin na-akwalite nrụzi anụ ahụ na ịmaliteghachi site na-akpali mmepụta nke hormone uto. Na omume ahụike, maka ndị ọrịa nwere ụfọdụ mmerụ ahụ, dị ka ọkụ ma ọ bụ mgbaji, iji Ipamorelin mee ihe nwere ike ime ka ọnya na-agwọ ọrịa dịkwuo ngwa ma belata ihe omume nke mgbagwoju anya. N'ebe ndị ọrịa na-agba ọkụ, Ipamorelin nwere ike ịkwalite epithelialization nke elu ọnya ahụ ma belata ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ; na ndị ọrịa gbajiri agbaji, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ ma mee ka ọgwụgwọ mgbaji dị ngwa ngwa. Nke a na-enye nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ mgbakwunye ọhụrụ maka njikwa trauma, nke nwere ike ịkwalite nsonaazụ ọgwụgwọ.
Ngwa na Ọgwụ Egwuregwu
N'ihi ike ya na-akpali mmepụta nke hormone na-eto eto, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ụba nke anụ ahụ, kwalite ịrụ ọrụ egwuregwu, ma mee ka mgbake mgbatị ahụ gasịrị. N'ime ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-etinye aka na ọzụzụ dị elu, Ipamorelin nwere ike inyere ha aka ịmaliteghachi ike anụ ahụ ngwa ngwa, belata ike ọgwụgwụ anụ ahụ, ma belata ihe ize ndụ nke mmerụ ahụ. Na ndị na-eme egwuregwu ntachi obi, Ipamorelin nwere ike ịkwalite ntachi obi site na ịkwalite metabolism abụba; na ndị na-eme egwuregwu ike, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ike na ike anụ ahụ.
Mmechi
Na nchịkọta, dị ka pentapeptide nke na-akwalite mmepụta nke hormone nke na-eto eto, Ipamorelin na-egosipụta ọrụ dị ịrịba ama na uto na mmepe, usoro metabolic, nrụzi anụ ahụ, na mpaghara ngwa ngwa ndị ọzọ.
Isi mmalite
[1] Papak M. Ipamorelin - struktura i funkcija, 2016[C]. https://api.semanticcholar.org/CorpusID:78470780
[2] Adeghate E. https://api.semanticcholar.org/CorpusID:74621068
[3] Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, et al. Ipamorelin, onye na-ahụ maka mmepụta homonụ nke mbụ na-ahọrọ.[J]. Akwụkwọ akụkọ European nke Endocrinology, 1998,139 5:552-561.
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