Cocer Peptides ye 
ŋlɔe ɣleti 1 enye sia
NYATAKAKAWO KPLE NUSIWO WOTSƆ ƑE NYATAKAKA SIWO KAtã WOÐO LE NYATAKAKADZRAÐOƑE SIA ME LA KPLE NYATAKAKAWO kaka KPLEE NUFIAFIA ƑE TAÐOÐOWO KO.
Wotrɔ asi le atike siwo wona le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu na numekuku le vitro ɖeɖeko. Wowɔa numekuku le vitro (Latingbe me: *le ahuhɔ̃e me*, si gɔmee nye le ahuhɔ̃e me) le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã godo. Atike siawo menye atikewo o, United States ƒe Nuɖuɖu Kple Atike Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (FDA) meda asi ɖe wo dzi o, eye mele be woazã wo atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe atikewɔwɔ, dɔléle, alo dɔléle aɖeke nu, adae, alo adae o. Se de se vevie be woatsɔ atike siawo ade amegbetɔ alo lãwo ƒe ŋutilã me le mɔ ɖesiaɖe nu.
Kpɔɖeŋu bliboa
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi nye nugbagbewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ vevi aɖe le nugbagbewo me eye wòdo ƒome kplikplikpli kple ŋutilã kple dɔléle ƒe nudzɔdzɔ gbogbo aɖewo. Ne tsitsi le dzidzim ɖe edzi la, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi va ƒoa ƒu vivivi, si wɔnɛ be lãmekawo kple ŋutinuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna eye wòhea dɔléle vovovo siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi vɛ. Peptides, abe molecule vevi siwo wɔa dɔ le nugbagbewo me ƒe hatsotso ene, xɔ susu geɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ŋuti numekuku me le ƒe ʋɛ siwo va yi me. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be peptidewo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ƒe ɖoɖoa dzi kpɔkpɔ me. Ƒomedodo si le peptidewo kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi dome me dzodzro le vevie ŋutɔ le tsitsi ƒe mɔnuwo me kɔ nyuie kple tsitsi ƒe nudede dɔa me toto vɛ me.
Figure 1. Mɔnu siwo dzi ŋutigbalẽ ƒe tsitsi ƒe ɖoɖowo tona. (a) Free radicals kple oxidative stress nufiafia. Mitochondria wɔa ROS to oxidative metabolism me. ROS si gbɔ eme ate ŋu agblẽ nu le mitochondrial kple DNA ƒe wɔwɔme ŋu, si ana collagen ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ eye MMP ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nadzi ɖe edzi le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãkusiwo me. ( b ) Dzoxɔxɔ ŋuti nufiafia. Fibroblasts kple keratinocytes siwo le tsitsim la ɖea nu ɣaɣla siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi ƒe nɔnɔme gbogbo aɖewo, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IFN-γ kple MMPs. Cytokines siawo siwo doa ŋgɔ na dɔdzẽ la nana ŋutigbalẽ me lãmenugbagbeviwo tsina to ROS wɔwɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ kple ATM/ p53/p21-dzesimɔa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. ( c ) Foto ƒe tsitsi ŋuti nufiafia. Ultraviolet keklẽ nana ROS dona eye MMPs dona, si gblẽa ŋutigbalẽa ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe akpa siwo le abe collagen ene me. ( d ) Glycosyl ƒe atikewɔwɔ ŋuti nufiafia si me enzyme mele o. Non-enzymatic glycosylation nye nuwɔna si le sukli siwo ɖea wo dzi kpɔtɔna faa kple protein, DNA kple lipids ƒe amino ƒuƒoƒo siwo le ablɔɖe me dome tsɔ wɔa AGEs kple ROS. AGEwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo, kpakple ROS, ate ŋu ana tɔtrɔwo nava lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe homeostasis kple protein ƒe wɔwɔme me.
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Tsitsi
(1) Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Tsitsi ƒe Nukpɔsusu Kple Nɔnɔmewo
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi fia tsitsi ƒe tsitsi ƒe nɔnɔme si womate ŋu atrɔ o si me lãmenugbagbeviwo gena ɖe eme ne woto mama xexlẽme aɖe me alo wodo go nuteɖeamedzinu tɔxɛ aɖewo vɔ. Eɖea nɔnɔme tɔxɛ vovovowo fiana, abe tɔtrɔ siwo vaa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe nɔnɔme me ene, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe lolome ƒe dzidziɖedzi, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbadzaƒe, kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ʋuʋu; lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsatsam ƒe mɔxexe, si me lãmenugbagbeviwo megadzina ɖe edzi o; kple β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) si do ƒome kple tsitsi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dzidziɖedzi, si nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ƒe dzesi siwo wozãna wu dometɔ ɖeka fifia. Adzame ƒe nɔnɔme si trɔ, afisi lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖea cytokines, chemokines, kple proteases vovovowo ɖe go, si wɔa senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).
(2) Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Tsitsi Me Emetsonuwo
Lãmetsiŋusẽ kple ŋutinuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gbegblẽ
Lãmenugbagbeviwoe nye lãmenugbagbeviwo kple ŋutinuwo ƒe xɔtunu veviwo, eye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi hea lãmenugbagbeviwo kple ŋutinuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me gblẽna. Le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me la, fibroblast siwo tsina la ɖea collagen kple elastic fibers ƒe wɔwɔme dzi kpɔtɔna, si wɔnɛ be ŋutigbalẽa megate ŋu nɔa te o, ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ nɔa eŋu, eye eƒe dzadzraɖo ŋutete meganɔa anyi o. Le dzitodzito me la, lãmenugbagbevi siwo le tsitsim ate ŋu ana ʋukawo ƒe gliwo nasẽ eye woƒe ʋuʋu dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ, si ana dzitodzito me dɔléle ƒe afɔkua nadzi ɖe edzi. Le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me la, dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi nana ŋutilãa ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ametakpɔnu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gbɔdzɔna, si wɔnɛ be dɔlékuiwo ƒe amedzidzedze te ŋu xɔa ame ɖekaɖekawo bɔbɔe eye wòɖea woƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖe atikewɔmɔnuwo ŋu dzi kpɔtɔna.
Hadede kple dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi
Wobua lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi be enye nu vevi aɖe si ʋãa dɔléle geɖe siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi. Le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie abe Alzheimer ƒe dɔléle kple Parkinson ƒe dɔléle ene me la, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tsitsi do ƒome kplikplikpli kple dɔléle ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo abe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe ku kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔdzẽ ene. Le suklidɔ me la, dɔgboa ƒe β lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ate ŋu ana insulin ƒe dodo mesɔ gbɔ o, si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ʋumesukli ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie dzi. Ƒomedodo sesẽ aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple dɔdzẽ ƒe dzɔdzɔ kple dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋgɔyiyi hã dome. Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi kaba ate ŋu awɔ dɔ abe dɔdzẽ nutsitsi ƒe mɔnu ene, si axe mɔ na lãmenugbagbevi siwo gblẽ ƒe dzidziɖedzi seɖoƒemanɔmee. Gake le dɔdzẽ ƒe nuto suea me la, SASP ƒe akpa siwo lãmenugbagbevi siwo le tsitsim ɖena ɖe go ate ŋu ado dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi, woƒe amedzidzedze, kple woƒe kaka ɖe teƒe bubuwo ɖe ŋgɔ.
Peptides ƒe dɔlékuiwo
(1) Peptidewo gɔmeɖeɖe kple woƒe wɔwɔme
Peptides nye kɔsɔkɔsɔ kpui siwo me amino acid siwo do ƒome to peptide ƒe kadodowo dzi wɔ. Woate ŋu anɔ te ɖe amino acid siwo susɔ ɖe wo me ƒe xexlẽme nu ama wo ɖe hatsotso siwo nye dipeptides, tripeptides, tetrapeptides, kple polypeptides, kpakple bubuwo me. Polypeptidewo nye peptide kɔsɔkɔsɔ siwo didi wu, siwo yia edzi, eye womeɖea alɔdze aɖeke o. Zi geɖe la, wodaa peptide kɔsɔkɔsɔ siwo me amino acid siwo mede 50 o le la ɖe hatsotsowo me be wonye peptidewo be woatsɔ ade vovototo wo kple proteinwo dome. Peptide kɔsɔkɔsɔwo katã, negbe peptide siwo le tsatsam koe mele eme o, ƒe N-nuwuƒe (amino-nuwuƒe) kple C-nuwuƒe (carboxy-nuwuƒe) ƒe nugbagbevi susɔe aɖe le wo si.
(2) Peptides ƒe hatsotsowo me toto
Ƒomedodo ɖe hatsotsowo me le Dzɔtsoƒe nu
Endogenous peptides: nugbagbevi la ŋutɔe wɔa wo eye wowɔa ŋutilãmedɔ vovovowo le ŋutilãa me. Neuropeptides, siwo kpɔa gome le dzesiwo ƒe kaka kple wo dzi kpɔkpɔ me le lãmekawo me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye endorphins kple enkephalins, siwo ƒe vevesesenutsitike kple seselelãme ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le; lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe peptidewo, abe insulin ene, siwo le vevie ŋutɔ na sukli ƒe dadasɔ le ʋu me.
Exogenous peptides: wokpɔa wo tso nuɖuɖu alo gotagome dzɔtsoƒe bubuwo me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me. Peptide siwo wodzrana to atikewo ƒe wɔwɔme alo nugbagbeŋutinunya me hã dzena le peptide siwo tso gota me eye wozãa wo zi geɖe le atikewo wɔwɔ kple dɔdamɔnu me.
Woma wo ɖe hatsotsowo me le Dɔwɔwɔ nu
Antioxidant Peptides: Ete ŋu ɖea free radicals le ŋutilã me eye wòɖea nusiwo oxidative stress hena vɛ na lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi kpɔtɔna. Le kpɔɖeŋu me.
Peptide siwo trɔa dɔlélenutsiŋutete: Esiawo ɖɔa ŋutilãa ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo, si doa ŋusẽ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ alo tea edzi. Peptide aɖewo siwo woɖe tso ƒumelãwo me ate ŋu ana dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nawɔ dɔ, ana ŋutilãa ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe ametakpɔkpɔ ŋutete nadzi ɖe edzi, eye wòakpe ɖe ame ŋu wòatsi tre ɖe dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlékuiwo kple dɔdzẽ ƒe tsitsi ŋu.
Peptide siwo kpɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi dzi: Esiawo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ abe dzidziɖedzi, vovototodedeameme, kple apoptosis ene dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, epidermal growth factor (EGF) doa epidermal cells ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be abi ƒe hayahaya kabakaba.
Akpa si peptidewo wɔna le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi me
(1) Mitochondria ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ
Mitochondria wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ŋusẽ wɔwɔ kple dzesiwo ƒe tɔtrɔ me, eye woƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie do ƒome kplikplikpli kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi. Mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) abe humanin kple MOTS-c wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ɖoɖowɔwɔ me le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi me. Le tsitsi si ɖeɖiteameŋu si gbugbɔna, doxorubicin, alo hydrogen peroxide zazã le amegbetɔ ƒe fibroblast gbãtɔwo me hena vɛ megbe la, mitochondria ƒe xexlẽme dzina ɖe edzi, mitochondria ƒe gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzina ɖe edzi, eye humanin kple MOTS-c ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ hã dzina ɖe edzi. Humanin kple MOTS-c nana dzia mitochondrial gbɔgbɔ ɖe edzi le mɔ si sɔ nu le doxorubicin-si na lãmenugbagbevi siwo tsi la me eye wòɖɔa SASP ƒe akpa aɖewo ɖo to JAK mɔ dzi, si ɖee fia be MDPs wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le mitochondrial ŋusẽ ƒe asitɔtrɔ kple SASP wɔwɔ me le lãmenugbagbevi siwo tsi me.
Nɔnɔmetata 2 Mitochondrial ƒe lolome kple ŋusẽ trɔna le tsitsi si doxorubicin hena vɛ me. (A) Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ƒe kɔpi xexlẽme le lãmenugbagbevi siwo metsi o (siwo le ɖoɖoezizi me) kple esiwo le tsitsim me. (B) Tom20 (amagbe; mitochondria) kple Hoechst 33258 (blɔ; nucleus) ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe amadede ƒe nɔnɔmetata siwo le tsitre ɖi na lãmenugbagbevi siwo metsi o (siwo le ɖoɖoezizi me) kple esiwo tsi. Nudzidzenu ƒe ʋuƒo, 20 μm. Wozã ImageJ tsɔ dzidze Tom20 ƒe amadede ƒe lolome le lãmenugbagbevi ɖesiaɖe me. (C) Lãmenugbagbeviwo me ATP ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le lãmenugbagbevi siwo metsi o (siwo le ɖoɖoezizi me) kple esiwo metsi o me. (D) Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe oxygen zazã ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ (OCR) le lãmenugbagbevi siwo metsi o kple esiwo metsi o me. Wobu akɔnta le basal respiration, spare respiratory capacity, kple ATP wɔwɔ ŋu le atike si wodona ɖe wo nɔewo yome dzi le amesi wɔe ƒe mɔfiamewo nu. (E) Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo godo ƒe acidification rate (ECAR) le lãmenugbagbevi siwo metsi o (siwo tsi anyi kpoo) kple esiwo tsi.
(2) Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe dzesimɔ siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi dzi
p53-p21 ƒe mɔ dzi
P53 protein nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ƒe ɖoɖowɔla vevi aɖe. Ne lãmenugbagbeviwo do go nuteɖeamedzinuwo abe DNA ƒe gbegblẽ ene la, p53 wɔa dɔ, si wɔnɛ be p21 ƒe ɖeɖefia, si wɔnɛ be lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsatsam léna le G1 ƒe akpaa me, si wɔnɛ be lãmenugbagbeviwo tsina. Peptide aɖewo ate ŋu atrɔ asi le p53-p21 mɔa ŋu, si ana woakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ƒe ŋgɔyiyi dzi. Peptide sue aɖewo ate ŋu awɔ dɔ kple p53 protein la, axe mɔ ɖe eƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu eye to esia me ahe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ɖe megbe. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be peptide tɔxɛwo ate ŋu axe mɔ na kadodo si le p53 kple MDM2 (protein si kpɔa p53 dzi le mɔ gbegblẽ nu), si ana p53 protein la nali ke eye wòana wòanɔ agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ me be wòaƒo asa na dɔwɔwɔ fũ si ana lãmenugbagbeviwo natsi.
Rb-E2F ƒe mɔnu
Rb protein nye protein vevi bubu si kpɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsatsam dzi si blana ɖe E2F ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ ƒe akpaa ŋu be wòaxe mɔ ɖe domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo do ƒome kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsatsam ƒe ɖeɖefia nu. Ne wowɔ phosphorylation na Rb protein la eye womewɔa dɔ o la, E2F dona, si doa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gege ɖe S ƒe akpaa me hena DNA ƒe dzidziɖedzi. Le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi me la, tɔtrɔ siwo vaa Rb-E2F mɔa dzi hea lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsatsam ƒe nutsitsi vɛ. Peptide aɖewo ate ŋu aɖɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ɖo to asitɔtrɔ le Rb protein ƒe phosphorylation nɔnɔme ŋu alo akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe E2F ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi. Peptide aɖewo ate ŋu axe mɔ na Rb protein ƒe phosphorylation, si ana Rb-E2F ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa nali ke eye wòato esia me ahe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ɖe megbe.
(III) SASP ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ
SASP nye cytokines, chemokines, kple proteases vovovowo, kpakple bubuwo. Menye ɖeko eƒe dodo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le tsitsim ŋutɔ ƒe nuto suewo dzi ko o, ke ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe lãkusi kple lãmenugbagbevi siwo ƒo xlãe hã dzi, si doa dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ. Peptide aɖewo ate ŋu aɖɔ SASP ƒe wɔwɔme ɖo eye woaɖe eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu dzi akpɔtɔ. Wokpɔe hã be peptide aɖewo siwo wokpɔ tso numiemiewo me la ɖɔa SASP ɖo to mɔxexe ɖe dzesimɔ tɔxɛwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu kple nusiwo do ƒome kple SASP ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me.
Peptides Zazã le Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Tsitsi Hehehe Me
(1) Dɔwɔwɔ le ŋutigbalẽtikewo me
Esi amewo le dzi tsim ɖe ŋutigbalẽ ƒe tsitsi ŋu geɖe wu ta la, wozã peptidewo le ŋutigbalẽtakpɔdɔwɔƒewo le afisiafi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ŋutigbalẽlétike aɖewo siwo me peptidewo le gblɔna be yewotsia ŋutigbalẽ ƒe ʋuʋu nu eye wònaa ŋutigbalẽa sẽna ɖe edzi. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be peptide aɖewo ate ŋu ado collagen ƒe wɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ eye wòana ŋutigbalẽa nate ŋu asẽ ɖe edzi. Peptides ate ŋu ana ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hã nanyo ɖe edzi, ana ŋutigbalẽ ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, aɖe ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbegblẽ si gotagomenuwo abe UV keklẽ ene hena vɛ dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòana ŋutigbalẽ ƒe tsitsi nagbɔdzɔ.
Nɔnɔmetata 3 Tsitsi le ŋutigbalẽ si metsi o va ɖo esi tsi wu me.
(2) Wozazã le Atikewo ƒe Dɔwɔnawo Me
Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Dɔlélewo Dada
Peptide-tikewo wɔwɔ do ŋugbe gã aɖe le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tsitsi gbɔ kpɔkpɔ le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie me. Woto peptide siwo ɖɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo me dzesimɔwo ɖo, doa ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe agbetsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ, eye wònaa nuwo ɖɔɖɔɖo nɔa bɔbɔe vɛ hena Alzheimer ƒe dɔléle kple Parkinson ƒe dɔlélea dada. Peptide aɖewo ate ŋu axe mɔ na protein siwo mesɔ o ƒe ƒuƒoƒo le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo me, aɖe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔdzẽ dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòahe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tsitsi kple ku ɖe megbe. Peptide si ŋkɔe nye AC-5216 ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe β-amyloid proteinwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo nu eye wòana susu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi le Alzheimer ƒe dɔléle ƒe kpɔɖeŋu mice me.
Dzitodzito me Dɔlélewo Dada
Le dzitodzito me dɔlélewo dada me la, peptide-tikewo ate ŋu atɔ te dɔléle ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo abe ʋuka me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple dzitodzito me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ene. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, peptide aɖewo siwo wɔa dɔ ate ŋu aɖɔ ʋukawo ƒe gbeɖiɖi kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo, ana ʋukawo me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi nanyo ɖe edzi, eye woaɖe dzitodzito me dɔlélewo ƒe afɔkua dzi akpɔtɔ. Peptide aɖewo ate ŋu ado dzitodzito me lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo kple wo gbugbɔgadzɔ hã ɖe ŋgɔ, si ana woate ŋu azã wo le nɔnɔmewo abe dzitodzito ƒe ʋuʋu ene dada me.
Nyanuwuwuw
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi, abe nugbagbewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ sesẽ aɖe ene, kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ŋutilãa ƒe lãmesẽ kple tsitsi ƒe ɖoɖo dzi. Peptides, abe molecule siwo wɔa dɔ le nugbagbewo me ƒe hatsotso vevi aɖe ene, wɔa akpa vovovowo le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi dzi kpɔkpɔ me. To mitochondria ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ, nudede dzesimɔ siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi me, kple SASP ƒe tɔtrɔ me la, peptidewo ɖea ŋutete si le wo si be woahe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi ɖe megbe fiana.
Dzɔtsoƒewo
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[4] Wong P F. Nuŋlɔla: Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Tsitsi: Nusiwo gbɔ wòtso, Emetsonuwo kple Atikewɔwɔ ƒe Mɔnukpɔkpɔwo[J]. Liƒowo le Lãmenugbagbeviwo kple Tsitsi ƒe Nugbagbeŋutinunya, 2022,10:884910.DOI:10.3389/fcell.2022.884910.
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