Na Cocer Peptides 
1 mahina aku nei
ʻO nā ʻatikala a me nā ʻike huahana i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia pūnaewele pūnaewele wale nō no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike a me nā kumu hoʻonaʻauao.
ʻO nā huahana i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia pūnaewele i manaʻo wale ʻia no ka noiʻi in vitro. Hana ʻia ka noiʻi in vitro (Latin: *i ke aniani*, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka ipu aniani) ma waho o ke kino kanaka. ʻAʻole kēia mau huahana he lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia e ka US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana, mālama, a hoʻōla paha i kekahi maʻi olakino, maʻi, a i ʻole maʻi. Ua pāpā loa ʻia e ke kānāwai ke hoʻokomo i kēia mau huahana i loko o ke kino kanaka a holoholona paha ma kekahi ʻano.
Nānā nui
ʻO Thymulin kahi hormone neuroendocrine i kapa mua ʻia ʻo 'serum thymic factor' (FTS). Hoʻopuka mua ʻia ia e nā pūnaewele epithelial thymic a hoʻohana i kona mau hopena olaola i loko o ke kino ma kahi ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā protein lawe a me nā ion zinc (Zn⊃2;⁺). Ma ke ʻano he hormone peptide, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ʻo Thymulin i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoponopono immune o ke kino. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka thymus i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka oʻo ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale, a ma ke ʻano he mea koʻikoʻi i huna ʻia e ka thymus, ʻo ke kūpaʻa o ka hana a Thymulin he mea koʻikoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana kūlohelohe maʻamau i ke kino. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki, e atrophies mālie ka thymus, a e emi ana ka huna ʻana o Thymulin, e pili ana me ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻōnaehana pale. I ka poʻe ʻelemakule, hoʻemi pinepine ʻia ka hana immune, a pili paha kekahi hapa o kēia me ka emi ʻana o ka huna ʻana o Thymulin.
Kiʻi 1 He kiʻikuhi schematic o ke kuleana o thymulin i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hana endocrine neuro-immune..
Hana i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa lymphocyte T: ʻO Thymulin kahi hormone nui i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o T lymphocyte. He kuleana koʻikoʻi nā lymphocytes T i ka pale ʻana i ke kelepona i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale, me ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā cell i loaʻa i ka maʻi pathogens, nā cell tumor, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko Thymulin i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā lymphocytes T mai nā pūnaewele progenitor i loko o ka thymus i nā pūnaewele T oʻo me nā hana ʻokoʻa, e like me nā pūnana T kōkua (Th) a me nā pūnaeau T cytotoxic (Tc). I loko o kēia kaʻina hana ʻokoʻa, komo ʻo thymulin i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana o ke ʻano o nā ʻano genes, e hāpai ana i nā lymphocytes T e loaʻa i nā hōʻailona kikoʻī a me nā hiʻohiʻona hana, e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike pono a pane i nā ʻano hoʻoulu antigenic.
Hoʻoponopono i ka lakio o nā pūnaewele kōkua T i nā pūnaewele hoʻopau: Kōkua ʻo Thymulin i ka mālama ʻana i ka ratio maʻamau ma waena o nā pūnaewele T helper a me nā cell suppressor. Hiki i nā mea kōkua T ke kōkua i nā lymphocytes B i ka hana ʻana i nā antibodies, hoʻonui i ka mana phagocytic o macrophages, a hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻonui a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cell T. ʻO nā pūnaewele T inhibitory, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e kāohi i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka pane ʻana o ka immune, e pale ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā maʻi autoimmune. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo Thymulin e hiki i ka ʻōnaehana pale ke pale pono i nā pathogens ʻē aʻe me ka pale ʻana i nā pane kūlohelohe nui e hiki ke hōʻino i nā ʻiʻo ponoʻī o ke kino ma o ka hoʻoponopono pono ʻana i ka ratio o kēia mau ʻano kelepona ʻelua. Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia nā pae thymulin ʻē aʻe i kēia kaulike, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka pale ʻole, e like me ka piʻi ʻana o nā maʻi autoimmune.
Nā hopena anti-inflammatory: Hōʻike ʻo Thymulin i nā waiwai anti-inflammatory koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā mea hoʻomakeʻe, e like me nā cytokines (eg, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me nā chemokines, e pāʻani ana i nā kuleana i ke kiʻi ʻana i nā cell immune a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona inflammatory i ka wā o nā pane ʻeha. Hiki i ka Thymulin ke hoʻoponopono i nā mea anti-inflammatory, e like me interleukin-10 (IL-10), ka mea e pale ai i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā cell inflammatory a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻoponopono inflammatory, a laila e hana ana i nā hopena anti-inflammatory. Hiki nō hoʻi iā Thymulin ke hoʻoponopono i nā kumu transcription a me nā ala hōʻailona pili e hoʻomalu i ka holomua o nā pane ʻeha ma ka pae mole. I loko o nā mokuʻāina inflammatory, e like me ke ʻano o ka ʻiole o ka mumū i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka Freund's adjuvant (CFA), ʻo ka mālama ʻana iā Thymulin i hōʻemi nui i ka hyperalgesia a me ka edema paw, ʻoiai e hoʻemi ana i ka CFA-induced microglia activation, phosphorylation o p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), a me ka hana ʻana o ka pro-inflammatory cytokine i loko o kēlā cytokine cord. nā pane inflammatory ma ke kāohiʻana i ka hoʻouluʻana o ka microglia spinal cord a me ka hanaʻana o nā mea hoʻolaha kikowaena.
Hoʻoponopono i ka hana phagocyte: Ma kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hoʻokolohua, e like me ka BCG-induced mouse granuloma model, Thymulin 5CH lapaʻau hoʻomaikaʻi i ka granuloma inflammatory kaʻina. Ma keʻano kūikawā, ua hoʻoponopono ia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā phagocytes kūloko a me ka systemic, hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka peritoneal B1 stem cell i loko o nā phagocytes, a hoʻemi i ka helu o nā phagocytes maʻi i loko o ka lesion, e hōʻike ana ua hoʻemi ʻia ka maʻi. Hoʻonui pū ka mālama ʻana iā Thymulin i ka helu o nā phagocytes i loaʻa mai i ka B1, CD4⁺, a me CD8⁺ T lymphocytes i loko o nā lymph nodes kūloko, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole ʻo Thymulin e hoʻopili wale i ka ʻokoʻa phagocyte akā pili pū kekahi i ka neʻe ʻana o nā cell T i nā lymph nodes kūloko, ma laila e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke pale i ka pale pale kūloko.
Nā noi
Lapaʻau ʻana i nā maʻi ʻeha: Hāʻawi ʻia i nā waiwai anti-inflammatory o Thymulin, paʻa ia i ka waiwai hoʻohana pono i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻeha like ʻole. Ma nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka hānō mau loa, ua lawelawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka inhalation o kahi plasmid e hōʻike ana iā Thymulin. Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa piha ʻana o ka maʻi, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻiole i hoʻokahi lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka hoʻokele tracheal. He iwakālua mau lā ma hope mai, ua hoʻoponopono ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona pathological koʻikoʻi o ka hānō i loko o ka māmā, e like me ka mumū mau, ka pulmonary fibrosis, a me ka hoʻoponopono mechanical abnormal. Ua hōʻoia ʻia nā loiloi hou aʻe a me nā cellular i loaʻa kēia hana therapeutic ma o kāna mau hopena anti-inflammatory a anti-fibrotic. I loko o kahi ʻiole o ka ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma i mālama ʻia me DNA nanoparticles e lawe ana i ka Thymulin plasmid, ua hiki i kahi lapaʻau hoʻokahi ke pale aku i ka mumū o ka pulmonary, collagen deposition, a me ka hypertrophy muscle maʻemaʻe, ʻoiai e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka mechanics pulmonary, a laila wehe i nā ala hou no ka mālama ʻana i ka hānō mau. Ma nā maʻi ʻeha ʻē aʻe e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis a me ka maʻi ʻāʻī ʻāʻī, ʻoiai i kēia manawa i ka pae noiʻi, e pili ana i ke ʻano anti-inflammatory a Thymulin, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pae Thymulin a i ʻole ka hoʻohālike ʻana i kona hopena e hiki ke hoʻēmi i nā hōʻailona ʻeha a mālama i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi.
Nā maʻi pili kino: No nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka immune dysregulation, e like me nā maʻi autoimmune, hiki i ka Thymulin ke pāʻani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi. Ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o T lymphocyte a me ka lakio o nā cell helper T i nā cell suppressor, hiki iā Thymulin ke hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻole a hoʻemi i ka pōʻino i nā ʻiʻo a me nā ʻāpana i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā hōʻeha autoimmune. I kekahi mau hoʻokolohua holoholona, ua hōʻike ʻo Thymulin i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻi autoimmune.
Adjuvant therapy no nā maʻi ʻeha: I nā maʻi ʻeha, hiki iā Thymulin ke hoʻoikaika i ke kino e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā pathogens ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana ʻōnaehana pale. I loko o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, hiki iā Thymulin ke hoʻoikaika i ka pane ʻana o ke kino ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana T lymphocyte, a laila e hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i nā sela i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO kāna mau hopena anti-inflammatory e kōkua pū i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pōʻino o ka ʻiʻo i hoʻoulu ʻia i ka mumū a pale i ka pōʻino lua i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pane ʻeha nui.
Ka hopena
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, hoʻokani ʻo Thymulin i kahi ʻano like ʻole i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale a loaʻa iā ia nā noi nui i nā maʻi ʻeha, nā maʻi pili pili i ka immune, a me nā maʻi infectious.
Nā kumu
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[4] Da SA, Martini SV, Abreu SC, et al. ʻO ka DNA nanoparticle-mediated thymulin gene therapy ka mea e pale ai i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ke ea i ka hānō maʻi maʻi hoʻokolohua [J]. Nūpepa o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana, 2014,180:125-133.DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.02.010.
[5] Haddad JJE, ENES, Garabedian B S. Thymulin: He Molekula Anti-Inflammatory Emerging [J]. ʻO ke Kemika Lapaʻau o kēia manawa - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents, 2005,4:333-338. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:55757311
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[7] Safieh B, Kendall MD, Norman JC, et al. He radioimmunoassay hou no ka thymic peptide thymulin, a me kāna noi no ke ana ʻana i ka thymulin i nā laʻana koko[J]. Nūpepa o ka Immunological Methods, 1990,127(2):255-262.DOI:10.1016/0022-1759(90)90076-8.
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