Los ntawm Cocer Peptides 
1 month ago
Tag nrho cov kab lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam muab rau ntawm lub vev xaib no tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm thiab cov hom phiaj kev kawm.
Cov khoom muab rau hauv lub vev xaib no yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro. Kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro (Latin: * hauv iav *, lub ntsiab lus hauv iav) yog ua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov khoom no tsis yog tshuaj, tsis tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los tiv thaiv, kho, lossis kho txhua yam mob, kab mob, lossis mob. Nws raug txwv nruj raws li txoj cai los qhia cov khoom no rau hauv tib neeg lossis tsiaj lub cev hauv txhua daim ntawv.
Txheej txheem cej luam
Thymulin yog ib qho tshuaj hormones neuroendocrine pib hu ua 'serum thymic factor' (FTS). Nws yog tsim los ntawm thymic epithelial hlwb thiab exerts nws cov teebmeem lom nyob rau hauv lub cev nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv khi rau carrier proteins thiab zinc ions (Zn⊃2; ⁺). Raws li peptide hormone, Thymulin plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev. Lub thymus plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj secreted los ntawm thymus, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Thymulin txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog nce, thymus maj mam atrophies, thiab Thymulin secretion txo qis raws li, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev poob qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv cov neeg laus, kev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau txo qis, thiab ib feem ntawm qhov no yuav cuam tshuam txog kev txo qis Thymulin secretion.
Daim duab 1 Daim duab schematic ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm thymulin hauv kev tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob endocrine.
Lub luag haujlwm hauv Immune System
T lymphocyte sib txawv: Thymulin yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv T lymphocyte sib txawv. T lymphocytes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv cellular hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm cov hlwb uas kis los ntawm cov kab mob, qog hlwb, thiab lwm yam. Thymulin plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txawv ntawm T-lymphocytes los ntawm cov hlwb progenitor hauv thymus rau hauv T cell subsets paub tab nrog cov haujlwm sib txawv, xws li pab T hlwb (Th) thiab cytotoxic T cells (Tc). Thaum lub sij hawm sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem no, thymulin koom nrog hauv kev tswj cov kev qhia ntawm cov noob caj noob ces, txhawb T lymphocytes kom tau txais cov cim saum npoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm, yog li ua kom lawv paub meej thiab teb rau ntau yam kev tiv thaiv antigenic.
Kev tswj qhov sib piv ntawm T pab hlwb rau cov hlwb suppressor: Thymulin pab tswj qhov sib piv ntawm T pab hlwb thiab cov hlwb suppressor. T pab hlwb pab B lymphocytes hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txhim kho lub peev xwm phagocytic ntawm macrophages, thiab txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv ntawm T hlwb. Inhibitory T hlwb, ntawm qhov tod tes, inhibit kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv qhov pib ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune. Thymulin ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob txawv teb chaws zoo thaum zam kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntau dhau uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov sib piv ntawm ob hom cell. Cov qib thymulin txawv txav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov sib npaug, uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, xws li kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune.
Anti-inflammatory teebmeem: Thymulin nthuav tawm cov khoom tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv. Nws tuaj yeem txo qis kev tso tawm cov tshuaj kho mob, xws li cytokines (piv txwv li, qog necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), thiab lwm yam) thiab cov tshuaj chemokines, uas ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev nrhiav cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab nthuav tawm cov kab mob inflammatory thaum lub sij hawm inflammatory teb. Thymulin tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li interleukin-10 (IL-10), uas inhibits kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb inflammatory thiab tsim cov inflammatory mediators, yog li siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Thymulin tseem tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov xwm txheej hloov pauv thiab cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog txoj hauv kev los tswj kev nce qib ntawm cov lus teb inflammatory ntawm qib molecular. Hauv cov xeev inflammatory, xws li hauv cov qauv nas ntawm qhov mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tiav Freund's adjuvant (CFA), Thymulin kev kho mob txo qis hyperalgesia thiab paw edema, thaum tseem txo qis CFA-induced microglia activation, phosphorylation ntawm p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 the spintocorede), qhia tias nws alleviates inflammatory teb los ntawm inhibiting lub activation ntawm tus txha caj qaum microglia thiab zus tau tej cov central inflammatory mediators.
Kev tswj hwm kev ua phagocyte: Hauv qee qhov kev sim ua qauv, xws li BCG-induced nas granuloma model, Thymulin 5CH kho tau txhim kho cov txheej txheem granuloma inflammatory. Tshwj xeeb, nws tswj hwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phagocytes hauv zos thiab cov kab ke hauv lub cev, txhawb kev sib txawv ntawm peritoneal B1 qia hlwb rau hauv phagocytes, thiab txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob phagocytes hauv qhov txhab, qhia tias tus kab mob no tau txo qis. Thymulin kev kho mob kuj ua rau cov B1-derived phagocytes, CD4⁺, thiab CD8⁺ T lymphocytes hauv cov qog ntshav hauv zos, qhia tias Thymulin tsis tsuas cuam tshuam phagocyte sib txawv tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm T hlwb mus rau cov qog ntshav hauv zos, yog li txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv zos.
Daim ntawv thov
Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory: Muab Thymulin cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws tuav cov ntawv thov muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob ntsws asthma, cov tshuaj kho noob tau muab los ntawm kev nqus ntawm plasmid qhia Thymulin. Tom qab tus kab mob tau ruaj khov lawm, cov nas tau txais ib koob tshuaj kho mob los ntawm kev tswj hwm tracheal. Nees nkaum hnub tom qab, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob ntsws asthma hauv lub ntsws, xws li mob ntsws, pulmonary fibrosis, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, tau ua haujlwm zoo. Ntxiv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cellular tsom xam tau lees paub tias qhov kev kho mob no tau ua tiav los ntawm nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv fibrotic. Hauv cov qauv nas ntawm ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma kho nrog DNA nanoparticles nqa lub Thymulin plasmid, kev kho ib zaug tuaj yeem tiv thaiv pulmonary o, collagen deposition, thiab du nqaij hypertrophy, thaum txhim kho pulmonary mechanics, yog li qhib txoj kev tshiab rau kev kho mob hawb pob. Hauv lwm cov kab mob xws li mob rheumatoid mob caj dab thiab mob plab hnyuv, txawm hais tias tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb theem, raws li Thymulin's anti-inflammatory mechanism, nws tau cia siab tias regulating Thymulin ntau ntau los yog ua raws li nws cov teebmeem yuav txo tau cov tsos mob inflammatory thiab tswj cov kab mob.
Cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob: Rau cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li kab mob autoimmune, Thymulin kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm T lymphocyte sib txawv thiab qhov sib piv ntawm T pab cov hlwb rau cov hlwb suppressor, Thymulin tuaj yeem kho qhov txawv txav ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txo qis kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kab mob los ntawm kev tawm tsam autoimmune. Hauv qee qhov kev sim tsiaj, Thymulin tau qhia qee qhov kev txhim kho hauv qee yam kab mob autoimmune.
Adjuvant txoj kev kho rau cov kab mob sib kis: Hauv cov kab mob sib kis, Thymulin tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev tswj hwm lub cev tsis muaj zog. Hauv kev kis kab mob, Thymulin tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev tswj hwm T lymphocyte muaj nuj nqi, yog li tshem tawm cov kab mob kis tau zoo dua. Nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj tseem pab txo qis qhov mob ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas tsuaj thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov lus teb ntau dhau.
Xaus
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, Thymulin plays lub luag haujlwm ntau yam hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab muaj kev siv tseem ceeb hauv cov kab mob inflammatory, kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab kab mob sib kis.
Qhov chaw
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Cov khoom muaj rau kev tshawb fawb siv nkaus xwb:
