Bya Cocer Peptides 
omwezi gumu emabega
EBINTU BYONNNA N’AMAWULIRE GW’EBINTU EBIweereddwa KU MUTINDO GUNO BIKOZESEBWA KU KUSASANYA AMAWULIRE N’EBIKOLWA BY’OKUSOMESA.
Ebintu ebiweereddwa ku mukutu guno bigendereddwamu kunoonyereza mu kisenge (in vitro research) byokka. Okunoonyereza mu vitro (Olulattini: *mu ndabirwamu*, ekitegeeza mu bikozesebwa mu ndabirwamu) kukolebwa ebweru w’omubiri gw’omuntu. Ebintu bino si bya ddagala, tebikkiriziddwa kitongole kya Amerika ekivunaanyizibwa ku by’emmere n’eddagala (FDA), era tebirina kukozesebwa kuziyiza, kujjanjaba oba kuwonya mbeera yonna ya bujjanjabi, bulwadde oba bulwadde. Kikugirwa nnyo mu mateeka okuyingiza ebintu bino mu mubiri gw’omuntu oba ebisolo mu ngeri yonna.
Okulaba ebikwata ku Cerebrolysin
Cerebrolysin erina eby’obugagga ebikuuma obusimu n’okukuuma obusimu. Okuva lwe yazuulibwa, efunye okufaayo okunene mu by’obujjanjabi bw’endwadde z’obusimu. Mu 1949, munnasayansi Omuaustria Gerhart Harrer okuva mu Yunivasite y’e Innsbruck yategeeza nti Cerebrolysin, amazzi agava mu puloteyina agakolebwa okuyita mu kusengejja amazzi mu bitundu by’obwongo mu ngeri ya enzymatic hydrolysis, gasobola okusitula obutoffaali bw’obusimu. Ye nsengekera y’amazzi eyesigamiziddwa ku puloteyina erimu ebitundu 85% eby’obwereere amino asidi n’ebitundu 15% eby’ensengekera za amino asidi ez’obuzito bwa molekyu entono, nga muno mulimu neuropeptides ezirina obuzito bwa molekyu entono nga ekirungo ekiziyiza obusimu obuva mu bwongo (BDNF), ensonga y’obusimu obuva mu butoffaali bwa glial (GDNF), ensonga y’okukula kw’obusimu (NGF), n’ensonga y’obusimu obuyitibwa ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF).
Enkola y’Ekikolwa kya Cerebrolysin
Okukoppa Omulimu gw’Ebintu Ebiyamba Obusimu: Ebirungo ebikola ku bwongo mu Cerebrolysin bisobola okuyingira mu kiziyiza omusaayi n’obwongo ne bikoppa emirimu gy’ebintu eby’obutonde ebikola obusimu. Ensonga z’obusimu (neurotrophic factors) nkulu nnyo mu bulamu bw’obusimu, okukula, okwawukana, n’obuveera bw’obusimu obuyitibwa synaptic plasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) ekola kinene mu kukuuma enkola y’obusimu eya bulijjo n’okutumbula okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu. Ebitundu ebifaanagana mu Cerebrolysin bisobola okwesiba ku bikwata ebikwatagana ku ngulu w’obusimu, ne bikola amakubo g’obubonero wansi nga PI3K-Akt ne MAPK signaling pathways, bwe kityo ne bitumbula obulamu n’okukula kw’obusimu ate nga bikendeeza ku apoptosis y’obusimu.
Okulungamya enkola y’obusimu obutambuza obusimu: Kisobola okukola ebikosa okulungamya ku nkola y’obusimu obutambuza obusimu. Ebirungo ebitambuza obusimu bikola kinene mu kutambuza obubonero wakati w’obusimu, era obutakwatagana bwabyo bukwatagana n’obuzibu obw’enjawulo obw’obusimu. Cerebrolysin eyinza okukuuma bbalansi y’enkola y’obusimu obutambuza obusimu nga etereeza okufulumya n’enkyukakyuka y’obusimu obutambuza obusimu nga glutamate ne gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Mu kiseera ky’obuvune mu bwongo, okufulumya glutamate ekisusse kiyinza okuvaako obutwa obusikiriza, okwonoona obusimu obuyitibwa neurons. Cerebrolysin eyinza okukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’obusimu obuleetebwa obutwa obusikiriza nga etereeza ebitambuza glutamate n’okukendeeza ku kukuŋŋaanyizibwa kwa glutamate ebweru w’obutoffaali.
Ebikosa situleesi y’obusimu obuziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde: Endwadde z’obusimu zitera okuwerekerwako enkola y’okunyigirizibwa okw’okwokya (enhanced oxidative stress reactions), nga ebika bya oxygen ebisukkiridde (ROS) byonoona obuwuka bw’obutoffaali bw’obusimu, puloteyina, ne DNA. Cerebrolysin erina obusobozi bwa antioxidant stress, okukendeeza ku miwendo gya ROS mu butoffaali n’okukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’okwokya. Mu nkola ya in vitro hypoxia-induced neuronal cytotoxicity model, Cerebrolysin esobola okukendeeza ku miwendo gya superoxide, okukuuma emirimu gy’okukyusakyusa emmere mu butoffaali, n’okukendeeza ku apoptosis. Enkola yaayo entongole eyinza okuba nga yeekuusa ku kukola kw’enkola z’enziyiza eziziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde mu butoffaali, nga superoxide dismutase (SOD) ne glutathione peroxidase (GPx), eziyinza okusaanyawo ROS n’okukuuma obusimu obutafuna kwonooneka kwa oxidative.
Okuziyiza okuddamu kw’okuzimba: Okuddamu kw’okuzimba nakwo kukola kinene mu kukula kw’endwadde z’obusimu. Cerebrolysin eyinza okukendeeza ku kuddamu kw’okuzimba nga eziyiza okufulumya ensonga ezizimba n’okulungamya amakubo g’obubonero bw’okuzimba. Mu nkola y’obuvune mu bwongo ischemia-reperfusion, Cerebrolysin esobola okukendeeza ku kwolesebwa kwa cytokines eziyamba okuzimba nga tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ne interleukin-1β (IL-1β), ate nga eyongera ku miwendo gya cytokines eziziyiza okuzimba nga interleukin-10 (IL-10), bwe kityo n’ekendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’okuzimba ku busimu n’ okutumbula okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu.
Okutumbula obuveera bw’obusimu: Obuveera bw’obusimu kitegeeza obusobozi bw’obusimu okweddaabiriza n’okuddamu okutegeka oluvannyuma lw’okulumwa. Cerebrolysin eyongera ku buveera bw’obusimu nga etumbula okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu obuyitibwa axonal regeneration, okutondebwa kw’omugongo gwa dendritic, n’okuzimba obuggya mu synaptic. Kino kiyinza okukituukiriza nga kikola amakubo g’obubonero agakwatagana, gamba ng’ekkubo ly’obubonero erya RhoA/ROCK, okulungamya enkyukakyuka mu magumba g’obutoffaali, bwe kityo ne kitumbula okukula n’okugaziwa kw’obusimu obuyitibwa axonal. Cerebrolysin era esobola okwongera ku kwolesebwa kwa puloteyina ezikwatagana n’obusimu obuyitibwa synapse, nga synapsin, okutumbula okutondebwa kw’obusimu n’okuddamu okukola, okuwa omusingi gw’enzimba y’okuzzaawo enkola y’obusimu.
Ebiva mu Cerebrolysin
Ebikosa obulwadde bwa acute ischemic stroke: Mu kujjanjaba acute ischemic stroke, Cerebrolysin alaze ebirungi ebimu. Wadde ng’okugezesebwa mu malwaliro okwasooka, okusinga okwawandiisa abalwadde abalina okusannyalala okutono, kwalaga ebikosa wansi oba waggulu era ne kulemererwa okulaga obulungi enjawulo ennene wakati w’ebibinja by’obujjanjabi, okwekenneenya mu bibinja ebitonotono ku balwadde abalina okusannyalala okw’amaanyi ennyo kwalaga ebikosa ebirungi ebinene ku kwongera okuwona. Obulung’amu bwa Cerebrolysin bweyongera n’obuzibu bw’okusannyalala. Okunoonyereza okumu okufugibwa kulaga nti Cerebrolysin esobola okugattibwa mu ngeri ey’obukuumi n’obujjanjabi bwa thrombolytic, era mu balwadde abalina okusannyalala okw’ekigero oba okw’amaanyi, eraga obulungi si mu kukuuma obusimu bwokka wabula ne mu busobozi bw’okudda engulu kw’obusimu. Bw’ogeraageranya n’okuddaabiriza obusimu kwokka, okugatta Cerebrolysin n’okuddaabiriza obusimu kivaamu ebikosa ebisingawo ku kudda engulu mu nkola.
Ebikosa omusaayi mu bitundu by’omubiri ebiyitibwa subarachnoid hemorrhage: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) mbeera ya busimu ey’amaanyi ng’abafa bangi n’okulemererwa okuwona. Ng’eddagala erikozesebwa mu kujjanjaba okusannyalala, omuli ne SAH, ebikolwa bya Cerebrolysin ku balwadde ba SAH bifunye okufaayo. Okwekenenya okutegekeddwa n’okwekenneenya enkola ya Cerebrolysin mu balwadde ba SAH kwalaga nti data eraga nti Cerebrolysin erina akakwate akalungi ku kufa mu balwadde ba SAH.
Ebikosa obulwadde bw’obwongo obuyitibwa neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE): HIE buzibu bw’obwongo obuva ku kuziyira mu kiseera ky’okuzaala, era enkola zaayo ez’obulwadde (pathophysiological mechanisms) tezinnaba kutegeerekeka mu bujjuvu. Obujjanjabi obw’omutindo obuliwo kati bwe bujjanjabi obw’okukendeeza ku bbugumu, naye obulungi bwabwo butono. Cerebrolysin, nga obujjanjabi obukuuma obusimu, bulaga obusobozi mu kuddukanya HIE. Cerebrolysin erina eddirisa ly’obujjanjabi erituuka ku myezi mukaaga oluvannyuma lw’obuvune obw’omusaayi. Okugaba 0.1 ml/kg y’obuzito bw’omubiri obwa Cerebrolysin emirundi ebiri buli wiiki kiyinza okulongoosa obuzibu mu nkola y’emirimu gy’omubiri n’olulimi mu baana abawere, okukola ekirungi ku bivaamu okutwalira awamu.
Omulimu oguyinza okukolebwa mu buvune bw’obwongo obuva ku buvune: Obuvune bw’obwongo obuva ku buvune (TBI) buvune obutera okubaawo mu busimu obuleeta okwonooneka kw’obusimu n’okufa, ekivaako obusimu obutakola bulungi. Okusinziira ku Cerebrolysin’s neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties, era ekwata omugaso oguyinza okukozesebwa mu kujjanjaba TBI. Okunoonyereza ku bisolo kulaga nti okukozesa Cerebrolysin kuyinza okukendeeza ku neuronal apoptosis oluvannyuma lwa TBI n’okutumbula okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu. Enkola yaayo ey’okukola eyinza okuba nga yeekuusa ku nkola eziwera, omuli okukoppa emirimu gy’ensonga ezikola obusimu, okulungamya enkola z’obusimu obutambuza obusimu, situleesi y’obuziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde, n’okuziyiza okuddamu kw’okuzimba. Okuyita mu nkola zino, kikendeeza ku kwonooneka okw’okubiri oluvannyuma lwa TBI era kitumbula okuddaabiriza n’okuddamu okukola obusimu.
Ebiyinza okukosa obulwadde bw’okusannyalala: Obulwadde bw’okusannyalala bulwadde bwa busimu obukola ku kukendeera kw’obusimu obumanyiddwa ng’okukendeera mu kutegeera okugenda mu maaso, ng’entandikwa yaayo erimu okuvunda kw’obusimu n’okufa, obutakwatagana n’obusimu obutambuza obusimu, okuddamu kw’okuzimba, n’okunyigirizibwa okw’okwokya. Enkola za Cerebrolysin eziwera ez’okukola zigifuula ekirungo ekiyinza okujjanjaba obulwadde bw’okusannyalala. Kiyinza okutumbula obulamu bw’obusimu n’okukula nga kikoppa emirimu gy’ebintu ebiyamba obusimu, bwe kityo ne kikuuma obusimu obwonooneddwa. Nga etereeza enkola y’obusimu obutambuza obusimu, etereeza obutakwatagana mu busimu obutambuza obusimu, gamba ng’okwongera ku kufulumya acetylcholine, bwe kityo ne kyongera ku nkola y’okutegeera. Ebikolwa byayo ebiziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde n’okuzimba era biyamba okukendeeza ku kuzimba obusimu n’okwonooneka kw’obusimu mu bwongo bw’abalwadde b’okusannyalala, bwe kityo ne kikendeeza ku kukula kw’obulwadde.
Mu bufunzi
Ng’eddagala eririna okukuuma obusimu n’okukuuma obusimu, Cerebrolysin eraga obusobozi bw’obujjanjabi mu kujjanjaba obuzibu bw’obusimu.
Ebiwandiiko ebikozesebwa
[1] Kojder K, Jarosz K, Bosiacki M, n’abalala. Cerebrolysin mu balwadde abalina omusaayi ogufuluma mu bitundu by’omubiri (Subarachnoid Hemorrhage): Okuddamu okwetegereza okutegekeddwa n’okusengejja (Meta-Analysis][J]. Journal of Eddagala ly’obujjanjabi, 2023,12. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:264397999. Enkola y’okutumbula eby’obulamu mu ggwanga
[2] Mureșanu D. F., Livinț P. L., Chira D., n’abalala. Omulimu n’enkosa ya Cerebrolysin mu kulabirira Ischemic Stroke[J]. Journal of Eddagala ly'obujjanjabi, 2022,11 (5).DOI: 10.3390 / jcm11051273.
[3] Fiani B, Chacon D, Jarrah R, n’abalala. Enkola z’okukuuma obusimu eza cerebrolysin okujjanjaba abaana abawere abalina obulwadde bw’obwongo obuyitibwa neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy[J]. Acta Neurologica Belgica, 2021,121 (6): 1401-1406.DOI: 10.1007 / s13760-021-01795-y.
[4] Al-Mosawi A J. Enkozesa y’obujjanjabi eya Cerebrolysin mu bujjanjabi bw’obusimu bw’abaana[J]. Science World Journal of Sayansi w’Eddagala, 2020. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:235912686
[5] Brainin M. Cerebrolysin: eddagala eririna ebigendererwa bingi okusobola okuwona oluvannyuma lw’okusannyalala[J]. Omukugu mu kwekenneenya obujjanjabi bw'obusimu, 2018, 18 (8): 681-687.DOI: 10.1080 / 14737175.2018.1500459.
[6] Ziganshina LE, Abakumova T. Cerebrolysin ku bulwadde bwa stroke obw’amangu [J]. Cochrane Database y’okwekenneenya okutegekeddwa, 2015 (6):CD7026.DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD007026.pub3.
[7] Hartwig K, Fackler V, Jaksch-Bogensperger H, n’abalala. Cerebrolysin ekuuma obutoffaali bwa PC12 okuva ku CoCl2-induced hypoxia nga ekozesa GSK3β signaling[J]. Ekitabo ky’ensi yonna eky’eby’obusimu mu nkulaakulana, 2014,38:52-58.DOI:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.07.005.
Ekintu ekiriwo okukozesebwa mu kunoonyereza kwokka:
