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1kits (10Vials) .
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▎ Motc ƒe Dɔwɔɖoɖo
Dzɔtsoƒe: PubChem |
Nusiwo kplɔ wo nɔewo ɖo: MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR Molekyulãwo ƒe Mɔfiame: C101H152N28O22S2 Molekyulã ƒe Kpekpeme: 2174.6g/mol CAS ƒe xexlẽdzesi: 1627580-64-6 PubChem ƒe CID: 146675088 Nya siwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo: UNII-A5CV6JFB78 |
▎ Motc Numekuku
Nukae nye numekuku si wowɔ le Motc?
Mitochondrion nye teƒe vevi aɖe si ŋusẽ ƒe asitɔtrɔ le lãmenugbagbeviwo me le. Ɣeyiɣi didi aɖee nye sia si dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo wɔ numekuku deto si de to le mitochondria ƒe wɔwɔme kple dɔwɔwɔ ŋu. Le ɖoɖo sia me la, wokpɔe dze sii vivivi be menye ɖeko mitochondria wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ŋusẽ wɔwɔ me ko o, ke ate ŋu akpɔ gome le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bubuwo hã me to mɔnu aɖewo siwo womenya o dzi.
Esi numekuku mɔ̃ɖaŋununyawo le ŋgɔ yim ɖaa, vevietɔ domenyiŋusẽfianu kple proteomics mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ŋgɔyiyi ta la, wova ke ɖe molecule yeye siwo do ƒome kple mitochondria ŋu. Motc (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) nye peptide si woɖe tso mitochondria me si woŋlɔ ɖe mitochondria ƒe domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe 12S rRNA nuto me [1]..
To mitochondrial genome me dzodzro deto me la, dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo ke ɖe nuxexlẽ ƒe akpa sue aɖewo siwo le ʋuʋu ɖi (sORFs) ŋu, siwo ate ŋu aŋlɔ peptide aɖewo siwo wɔa dɔ tɔxɛwo. Le numekuku bubuwo kple kpeɖodzinana megbe la, wode dzesi Motc. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be Motc dzena le lãmenugbagbevi vovovowo me le amegbetɔwo kple lãwo me. Ewɔa dɔ ɖe ƒunukpeƒeŋusẽwo dzi koŋ to ʋukawo me, si wɔnɛ be sukli ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ dzina ɖe edzi, si wɔnɛ be insulin ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete nyona ɖe edzi eye wònaa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dadasɔ [2] ..
Esi numekukuwo le goglom ɖe edzi la, wokpɔe be tɔtrɔ siwo va le Motc ƒe ɖeɖefia me do ƒome kplikplikpli kple tsitsi kple dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi ƒe dzɔdzɔ kple woƒe dzɔdzɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna ne ame tsi (Zheng Y, 2013). Le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, wokpɔe be Motc ɖea vi na dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, dzitodzito me dɔlélewo, ƒumeŋuɖui, lolo akpa le dzinukpɔkpɔ megbe, kple Alzheimer dɔléle [3]..
Nukae nye Motc ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu?
Domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi kpɔkpɔ:
Motc ate ŋu awɔ eƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo to domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi kpɔkpɔ me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ate ŋu aɖɔ domenyiŋusẽfianuwo abe GLUT4, STAT3, kple IL-10 ene ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖo. Motc wɔa eƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi koŋ to AICAR-AMPK ƒe dzesimɔa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple folate-methionine ƒe tsatsam le lãmenugbagbeviwo me ƒe tɔtɔ me [4]..
Insulin ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe nyonyo:
Motc ate ŋu aɖe insulin ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòaxe mɔ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒomevi 2 nu. Alesi wòwɔa dɔe ate ŋu ado ƒome kple myostatin ƒe mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ me do ƒome gbegblẽ kple myostatin ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã me. Motc ateŋu ana insulin ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi to mɔxexe ɖe upstream transcription factor FOXO1 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu kple myostatin ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me [5]..
Lãmetsiwo ƒe vovototodedeameme dodo ɖe ŋgɔ:
Le lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me la, Motc wɔa nu kple STAT3 to SH2 ƒe kadodo ƒe nɔnɔme si wosusu le YIFY nutoa me dzi, si ɖea STAT3 ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔtɔna, si wɔnɛ be myotube ƒe wɔwɔme dzina ɖe edzi. Motc peptide si nye gbemelã ateŋu adzi amegbetɔ (LHCN-M2) kple sisiblisi (C2C12) lãmeka ƒe ŋgɔgbe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe myotube wɔwɔ ɖe edzi eye wòakpɔ lãmeka lãmenugbagbeviwo ta tso nuklia myogenin ƒe amadede si interleukin-6 (IL-6) hena vɛ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me [6]..
Mitochondria ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ:
Motc ate ŋu aɖɔ mitochondria ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be ne wotsɔ Motc da dɔ na no me lãmenugbagbeviwo ate ŋu ana protein ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nadzi ɖe edzi le mitochondrial biogenesis markers TFAM, COX4, kple NRF1 me, gake flow cytometry numekuku ɖee fia be mitochondria ƒe xexlẽme dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna ŋutɔ le Motc zazã vɔ megbe. Numekuku bubuwo ɖee fia be Motc ateŋu awɔ mitochondrial fusion le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me eye wòana protein ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nadzi ɖe edzi le GTPase eve, OPA1 kple MFN2, siwo le vevie ŋutɔ na no me lãwo ƒe mitochondria ƒe fusion. GTPase eve siawo ƒe mɔxexe alo MFN2 ƒoƒo to siRNA dzi aɖe ŋutete si le Motc ŋu be wòado GLUT4 ƒe ʋuʋu kple sukli ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ɖe ŋgɔ la ɖa [7]..
Motc nye atike si woate ŋu azã na dɔléle geɖe siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, ƒumeŋuɖui, dzitodzito me dɔléle, ʋukawo ƒe ʋuʋu, sarcopenia, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒomevi 2, kple lolo akpa.
Dzɔtsoƒe:PubMed [8] .
Nukae nye Motc ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo?
Dɔléle siwo tso tsitsi gbɔ ƒe nyonyo
Ƒomedodo si le ame kple tsitsi dome:
Motc nye peptide si wokpɔna tso mitochondria me, eye tɔtrɔ siwo va le eƒe ɖeɖefia me do ƒome kplikplikpli kple tsitsi kple dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi ƒe dzɔdzɔ kple woƒe dzɔdzɔ. Ne amewo le tsitsim la, Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be kamedede kpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe Motc ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi, eye Motc ate ŋu anye domenɔla na kamedede ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi si tsia tsitsi nu [3]..
Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ:
Motc ate ŋu ana ŋutilãa ƒe sukli kple ami ƒe asitɔtrɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, ado mitochondria ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ le lãmenugbagbeviwo me, eye wòaɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo si nɔa anyi didi si le ɖoɖo nu dzi akpɔtɔ. Le suklidɔlélawo gome la, Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Motc ateŋu aɖɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe homeostasis ɖo to sukli ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ kabakaba kple insulin ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu me, eye wòkpɔa ŋusẽ nyui ɖe mɔxexe ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒomevi evelia nu dzi [8]..
Dzitodzito me dɔlélewo:
Dzi ƒe wɔwɔme ƒe tɔtrɔ kple dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie nye kuxi siwo bɔ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me, eye zi geɖe la, wohea dzitodzito me dɔléle sesẽwo vɛ. Motc ate ŋu ana ʋukawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi eye wònye atikewɔwɔ ƒe taɖodzinu yeye na dzitodzito me kuxi siwo dona tso lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be Motc ateŋu adzra dzitodzito me mitochondria ƒe gbegblẽ ɖo le suklidɔléla siwo le sisiblisi siwo ŋu suklidɔ le me eye wòakpɔ dzitodzito ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dzitodzito me dɔwɔwɔ ta [9]..
Ƒumeŋuɖui: Motc ate ŋu ado ƒumeŋuɖuiwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi, vovototodedeameme, kple mineralization ɖe ŋgɔ, axe mɔ na ƒumeŋuɖuiwo ƒe dzɔdzɔ, eye wòaɖɔ ƒu ƒe asitɔtrɔ kple ƒu ƒe tɔtrɔ ɖo. Kamedede ate ŋu ana Motc ƒe ɖeɖefia nadzi ɖe edzi nyuie, gake mɔnu tɔxɛ si dzi kamedede tona ɖɔa Motc ɖo le ƒuwo me la me mekɔ haɖe o [10] ..
Dɔléle bubuwo
Aklã me lãkusi ƒe dɔléle:
Aklãdɔ nye aklãdɔléle sesẽ aɖe si ƒe ŋgɔdonya menyo o, eye womenya nusi gbɔ wòtso kple alesi wòdzɔna haɖe o. Mitochondrial open reading frame of 12S rRNA-c (Motc) nye peptide si mitochondrial genome ŋlɔ, si kpɔa ŋusẽ nyui ɖe sukli kple lipid ƒe asitɔtrɔ, lãmenugbagbeviwo kple mitochondrial homeostasis, kple ɖoɖowɔɖi ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ dzi, eye ate ŋu anye kamedede ƒe kpɔɖeŋu si ate ŋu adzɔ. Totoɖeme sia ƒe taɖodzinue nye be woaku agbalẽ siwo li ku ɖe akpa si Motc ate ŋu awɔ le aklã me ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe ŋgɔyiyi me ŋu tsitotsito eye woade dzesi atikewɔwɔ ƒe taɖodzinu tɔxɛwo na atikewɔwɔmɔnu siwo woazã le etsɔme [11]..
Duchenne ƒe lãmekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie:
Motc nye mitochondria-si wokpɔ tso bioactive peptide si me lãmeka-taɖodzinu ƒe nɔnɔmewo le dzɔdzɔme nu, si ateŋu adzi glycolytic flux kple ŋusẽ wɔwɔ ƒe ŋutete ɖe edzi le dystrophic lãmekawo me le vitro kple in vivo, si ana phosphonodiamidite morpholino oligomers (PMO) ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ kple dɔwɔwɔ nadzi ɖe edzi le mdx mice me. Motc kple PMO dodo enuenu ɣeyiɣi didi ate ŋu ana dystrophin ƒe atikewɔwɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nadze le lãmeka siwo le gota gome, ana mdx mice ƒe lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dɔléle nanyo ɖe edzi, eye aɖi aɖeke si dze ƒã mele eme o [12]..
Lolo akpa kple lãmekawo ƒe tsɔtsrɔ̃:
Lolo akpa kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒomevi evelia nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple sarcopenia kple lãmekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie zi geɖe. Motc, abe lãmetsi si le ɖoɖo nu ene, kpɔa gome le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe homeostasis me. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩ me do ƒome gbegblẽ kple myostatin ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã me. Motc ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe C2C12 myotubes siwo to vovo ƒe atrophy si palmitic acid hena vɛ nu eye wòaɖe myostatin ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le mice lolo akpa siwo nuɖuɖu hena vɛ ƒe ʋumenugbagbeviɣi dzi akpɔtɔ. To mɔxexe ɖe myostatin nu me la, Motc ateŋu anye atike si ateŋu anye atike na ƒumeŋuɖui ƒe lãmeka ƒe vuvu si insulin ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete kple lãmeka ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe nɔnɔme bubu siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye sarcopenia [5] ..
Afɔku si le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dɔlélewo me le amesiwo tsi agbe le no me dɔdzẽ me ŋu:
Nyɔnu siwo xɔ no me dɔdzẽ ƒe dɔdamɔnu la le dzitodzito me dɔlélewo, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, kple lolo akpa ƒe afɔku me wu, eye kamedede ate ŋu aɖe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu siawo dzi akpɔtɔ. Motc ƒe dɔwɔwɔ srɔ̃a kamedede eye wòkpɔa ŋusẽ nyui ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple kamedede ƒe ŋutete dzi. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be kwasiɖa 16 ƒe aerobic kple resistance exercise ƒe nudede eme ate ŋu ana Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nadzi ɖe edzi le amesiwo menye Hispaniatɔwo o siwo tsi agbe le no me dɔdzẽ me, gake mekpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖeke ɖe Hispaniatɔ siwo tsi agbe le no me dɔdzẽ me dzi o. Motc ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si kamedede hena vɛ le amesiwo tsi agbe le no me dɔdzẽ me siwo menye Hispaniatɔwo o ate ŋu atso insulin ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu gbɔ, si wɔnɛ be dɔléle siwo kpe ɖe eŋu ƒe afɔkua dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ [13]..
Le nyataƒoƒo me la, abe amino acid polypeptide 16 si mitochondrial genome ŋlɔna ene la, Motc wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ŋutilã ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ, nuteɖeamedzi takpɔkpɔ, kple dɔlélewo nu tsitsi kple edada me. Ate ŋu ana sukli kple ami ƒe asitɔtrɔ ƒe homeostasis nanyo ɖe edzi ŋutɔ, ana insulin ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, eye wòaxe mɔ ɖe myostatin ƒe ɖeɖefia nu, si aɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒomevi 2, lolo akpa, kple lãmekawo ƒe tsɔtsrɔ̃ si do ƒome kplii dzi akpɔtɔ nyuie. Le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, to mitochondrial biogenesis kple fusion dzi kpɔkpɔ me la, Motc doa ŋusẽ lãmenugbagbevi ƒe antioxidant ŋutete eye wòxea mɔ na dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo, si ɖea atikewɔwɔ ƒe ŋutete fiana na dɔléle siwo nɔa anyi didi abe dzitodzito me dɔlélewo, ƒumeŋuɖui, kple aklã me fibrosis ene. Vevietɔ wu la, esi Motc nye domenɔla vevi aɖe le mitochondria kple nucleus ƒe kadodo me ta la, ate ŋu awɔ kamedede ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu eye wòahe tsitsi ƒe ɖoɖoa ɖe megbe. Eƒe agbɔsɔsɔ do ƒome gbegblẽ kple dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi, eye kpeɖeŋutɔ tso gota ate ŋu atrɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe kuxiwo eye wòaxe mɔ ɖe dɔlékuiwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi nu. Woyɔe be 'mitochondrial hormone'.
Le Agbalẽŋlɔla La Ŋu
Nusiwo míeyɔ ɖe etame la katã nye esiwo ŋu Cocer Peptides wɔ numekuku le, trɔ asi le wo ŋu eye woƒo wo nu ƒu.
Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe Agbalẽŋlɔla
Dieli-Conwright CM nye agbalẽnyala si kpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe dɔdzẽŋutinunya kple kamedede ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe akpa vovovowo me. Fifia enye atikewɔwɔ ŋuti nufialagã kpeɖeŋutɔ le Harvard Atikewɔwɔ Suku kple Dana-Farber Kansa Dɔwɔƒe eye wòle nufialagã ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ ƒe ɖoƒe le Nuɖuɖu Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe le Harvard T. H. Chan Dukɔa ƒe Lãmesẽnyawo Gbɔkpɔƒe. Ðɔkta Dieli-Conwright ƒe numekukua ku ɖe ŋusẽ si kamedede kpɔna ɖe kansadɔnɔwo dzi la me dzodzro ŋu, vevietɔ alesi kamedede ate ŋu ana kansadɔnɔwo ƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, ƒu ƒe lãmesẽ, kple agbenɔnɔ nanyo ɖe edzii. Eƒe sukudede ku ɖe nu vovovowo abe nugbagbeŋutinunya, ʋuʋudediŋutinunya, dukɔa ƒe lãmesẽnyawo, kple nugbagbewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunya ŋu. Ewu eƒe nusɔsrɔ̃ nu le dɔwɔƒewo abe California Dukɔa ƒe Yunivɛsiti, Northridge, kple Southern California Yunivɛsiti ene eye wòwu eƒe ɖɔktanyenye megbe numekuku nu le City of Hope Dukɔa ƒe Atikewɔƒe. Wota Ðɔkta Dieli-Conwright ƒe numekuku me dzidzedzekpɔkpɔwo ɖe agbalẽ vovovowo me le agbalẽ vovovowo me, eye eƒe dɔa lɔ nusɔsrɔ̃ vovovowo abe dukɔa ƒe lãmesẽ, nunyiame, dzitodzito, kple dzidɔ ene ɖe eme, si na dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me kpeɖodzi veviwo le kansadɔnɔwo ƒe gbugbɔgaɖɔɖo kple woƒe lãmesẽnyawo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ ŋu. Woŋlɔ Dieli-Conwright CM ŋkɔ ɖe nyayɔyɔ ƒe nyatakaka me [13].
