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1kits （10Ibikoresho）
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OxytocineStructure Imiterere ya
Inkomoko: PubChem |
Urukurikirane: CYIQNCPLG Inzira ya molekulari: C 43H 66N 12O 12S.2 Uburemere bwa molekuline: 1007.2 g / mol Umubare CAS: 50-56-6 CID CID: 439302 Synonyme: Endopituitrina |
Research Ubushakashatsi bwa Oxytocine
Ni ubuhe bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Oxytocine?
Indorerezi Yambere Yimyororokere ijyanye na Fenomena:
Kera cyane, abantu babonaga ko nyababyeyi y'abagore yandura buri gihe mugihe cyo kubyara, kandi uku kwikuramo kwari ingenzi cyane kubyara. Ariko, muri kiriya gihe, ntibyari byumvikana ikintu cyahuzaga uku kugabanuka. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubuvuzi, abantu batangiye buhoro buhoro gushakisha uburyo bwa physiologique bujyanye no kubyara no kubyara, bashiraho urufatiro rwo kuvumbura oxytocine nyuma.
Ubushakashatsi bwinyamaswa nubuvumbuzi bwambere:
Mu 1906, umuhanga mu by'imiterere y’umwongereza witwa Henry Hallett Dale, igihe yiga ku myororokere y’imyororokere y’inyamaswa, yasanze ibivuye mu mitsi bishobora gutera kugabanuka kwimitsi ya nyababyeyi. Ubu buvumbuzi bwatangije ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku isano iri hagati ya glande ya pitoito na physiologiya yimyororokere. Nyuma yaho, binyuze mubushakashatsi bwinshi, abahanga bakomeje kwemeza ko muri glande ya pitoito hari ikintu runaka cyagize ingaruka zo kugabanuka kwa nyababyeyi no gusohora amata muri glande y’inyamabere.
Kwigunga no Kwita Izina:
Mu 1953, Vincent du Vigneaud yatandukanije neza oxytocine na lobe y’inyuma y’inyuma y’inka maze agena imiterere y’imiti, ari yo polypeptide igizwe na aside 9 amine. Yahawe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel muri Chimie mu 1955 kubera uruhare runini yagize mu bijyanye n’ibinyabuzima, cyane cyane ibyo yagezeho mu bushakashatsi bw’imisemburo ya peptide. Kuva icyo gihe, oxytocine yamenyekanye nk'imiti isobanutse neza, kandi inkomoko yayo nayo yamenyekanye neza nk'inyuma ya pitoito.
Ubushakashatsi kurwego rwa Gene:
Hamwe nogutezimbere tekinike ya biologiya, abahanga barushijeho kwiga uburyo bukomoka kuri oxytocine mubwimbitse. Byagaragaye ko oxytocine ikomatanyirizwa na neuron muri nucleus ya paraventricular nucleus na supraoptic nucleus ya hypothalamus. Izi neuron zishushanya oxytocine ibanziriza inzira binyuze mu kwandukura gene no guhindura, hanyuma nyuma yuruhererekane rwo gutunganya no guhindura, amaherezo ya bioactive oxytocine. Nyuma ya synthesis, oxytocine itwarwa na axon ya neuron kuri neurohypophysis (posterior pituitar lobe) kugirango ibike. Iyo umubiri ubikeneye, bizarekurwa mumaraso kugirango bigire ingaruka zumubiri.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukora bwa Oxytocine?
1. Uburyo bwibikorwa byo kubyara no kubyara kwa nyababyeyi
Amabwiriza yakirwa:
Imiti ya oxytocine (OTR) ni iy'ubwoko bwa rhodopsin (Icyiciro cya 1) mu buryo budasanzwe bwa G proteine zifatanije na reseptor [1] . Mugihe cyo gutwita no kubyara, impinduka mumagambo ya reseptor, desensitisation, hamwe na oxytocine yibanze bizagenga imikorere yayo. Kurugero, mugihe cyo kubyara, kwiyongera kwa oxytocine ya endogenous bizongera imvugo ya reseptor ya oxytocine, bityo byongere imbaraga za myometrium kuri oxytocine.
Amabwiriza ya Kalisiyumu Ion:
Nyuma yo gukora reseptor, urukurikirane rwibimenyetso bizaterwa no gukurura nyababyeyi, cyane cyane mu kongera intungamubiri za calcium ion (Ca⊃2; ⁺) kwibanda [1] . Ibi birimo inositol-tris-fosifate-yunganiwe na calcium yububiko bwa calcium, ikoreshwa na Ca⊃2; ⁺ ibyinjira, hamwe na voltage ikoreshwa na Ca⊃2; ⁺ kwinjira. Izi mpinduka muri calcium ion zizatera kugabanuka kwingirabuzimafatizo, bityo byorohereze kubyara.
2. Uburyo bwibikorwa ku myitwarire mbonezamubano
Amabwiriza agenga imitekerereze:
Oxytocine ikorwa cyane na hypothalamus kandi igira uruhare runini mu myitwarire y’imibereho y’inyamabere, harimo imyitwarire y’ababyeyi, ishingwa ry’imibanire myiza, ndetse no gucunga uburambe mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo [2] . Irasubiza ibibazo kandi ikagira uruhare mukugenzura sisitemu yo hagati na autonomic nervous sisitemu, harimo n'ingaruka kumikorere yumubiri nimiyoboro yumutima. Kugeza ubu, abantu bemeza ko oxytocine ishobora kugira ingaruka ku myitwarire y’imibereho igenga imiyoboro y’imitsi mu bwonko. Kurugero, mugihe cyo gushiraho imibanire myiza, oxytocine irashobora guteza imbere ibikorwa bya neurone mubice byihariye byubwonko, bikongerera ikizere no kumva ko wegereye abandi.
3. Uburyo bwibikorwa muri Analgesia
Amabwiriza yuburyo bwimikorere:
Oxytocine irashobora kugabanya impagarara nububabare nta zindi ngaruka mbi [3] . Ubushakashatsi bugezweho bwerekana ko oxytocine ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi yo kugabanya uburyo bwo kuyobora ububabare muri sisitemu y'imitsi. Kurugero, irashobora kubuza kwanduza ibimenyetso byububabare cyangwa kugenga ibikorwa byuturere mubwonko bujyanye no kumva ububabare nibisubizo byamarangamutima.
4. Uburyo bwibikorwa muri Migraine
Kwakira no kwerekana imikorere:
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe na migraine, byagaragaye ko reseptor ya oxytocine (OTR) igaragara cyane muri sisitemu ya trigeminovasculaire yimbeba [4] . Cyane cyane muri trigeminal ganglion, OTR igaragara cyane cyane muri Aδ sensory neurons na fibre, hamwe numubare muto wa OTR muri C fibre sensory neurons ifatanya na peptide ya calcitonine (CGRP). OTR igaragarira kandi muri caudal nucleus ya trigeminal nervice. Nyamara, oxytocine nta ngaruka igira ku irekurwa rya potasiyumu ion iterwa no kurekura CGRP muri trigeminal ganglia yonyine cyangwa trigeminal ganglion afferent fibre muri dura mater.
Igikorwa c'amaraso:
Imiyoboro ya periferique cranial arteriire isubiza oxytocine muri vitro, kandi iki gisubizo kirashobora guhagarikwa na OTR antagonist L368899. Byongeye kandi, immunoreactivite ya oxytocine yabonetse mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya glial selile ya trigeminal ganglion, ariko oxytocine mRNA ntiyagaragaye muri ganglion ya trigeminal. Kubwibyo rero, kuzenguruka oxytocine birashoboka cyane ko bigira ingaruka kumyanya yububabare ikora kuri OTR muri trigeminal ganglion, ishobora gufasha gusobanura uruhare rwa hormone muri migraine kandi igatanga intego nshya yo kuvura [4].
Inkomoko: Byatangajwe [3]
Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa na Oxytocine?
1. Gusaba mubyara
Guteza imbere kubyara:
Kubyara, oxytocine irashobora gukoreshwa mugukomeza kugabanuka kwa nyababyeyi no guteza imbere kubyara. Kubantu bamwe bafite atoni ya nyababyeyi, oxytocine ya exogenous irashobora gufasha kugera kubyara neza. Kurugero, mubice bimwe bifite ibihe byihariye, nkumubyeyi ufite preeclampsia, diabete ya gesta mellitus, guturika imburagihe imburagihe, gukenera kubyutsa imirimo mugihe nyababyeyi idakora, kandi byanze bikunze cyangwa gukuramo inda byanze bikunze mugihembwe cya kabiri, oxytocine yemerewe gukoreshwa mbere yubuyobozi bwa Amerika (FDA) [5].
2. Kuvura ububabare budashira
Ku bantu bakuze bafite ububabare budakira bwa neuropathique, pelvic, na musculoskeletal, imiyoborere yimbere ya oxytocine irashobora kugira ingaruka runaka mukuzamura ububabare n'imikorere. Mugihe cyagenzuwe na platbo, impumyi-eshatu, zikurikiranye, mugihe cyo kugerageza kwambukiranya imipaka, abarwayi biyitiriye inshuro eshatu zitandukanye za oxytocine nasal spray (24IU, 48IU, na placebo) kabiri kumunsi ibyumweru 2. Ibisubizo by'ibanze byarimo ububabare no kwivanga bifitanye isano n'ububabare, kandi ibyavuye mu cyiciro cya kabiri harimo imikorere y'amarangamutima, kubura ibitotsi, hamwe no kwerekana impinduka muri rusange. Isesengura-ryo-gusesengura rizasuzuma niba ububabare n'imikorere y'umubiri bizanozwa nyuma yo kuvurwa [6].
3. Ingaruka ku mubyibuho ukabije wa Sarcopenic mu Basaza
Mu baturage bageze mu zabukuru, oxytocine irashobora kugira ingaruka zo kuvura umubyibuho ukabije wa sarcopenique. Ikigereranyo-gihumye, kigenzurwa na platbo cyateganijwe kugenzurwa cyakorewe kubantu bakuru 21 (67.5 ± 5.4) ibyabaye. Oxytocine yongereye cyane umubiri wose unanutse ku gipimo cya 2,25 kg, byerekana itandukaniro rinini ugereranije na placebo (P <.01), kandi yari ifite uburyo bwo kugabanya ibinure. Yagabanije kandi plasma nkeya ya lipoprotein ya cholesterol ya -19.3mg / dL (P = .023). Icyakora, nta mpinduka nini zigeze zigaragara mu bipimo by’umubiri, amanota yo kurya, glucose yamaraso, plasma nyinshi ya lipoprotein, triglyceride, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwiheba [7].
4. Ingaruka muri Migraine
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa ku mavuriro bwerekanye ko oxytocine igira ingaruka mbi kuri migraine no kubabara umutwe. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko reseptor ya oxytocine (OTR) igaragara cyane muri sisitemu ya trigeminovasculaire yimbeba. Muri trigeminal ganglion (TG), imvugo ya OTR yabonetse cyane cyane muri A-delta sensory neurons na fibre. OTR igaragarira kandi muri caudal nucleus ya trigeminal nervice, niyo ntego nyamukuru ya TG afferent fibre. Umubare muto wa C fibre sensory neurons muri TG igaragaza OTR kandi igafatanya na neuropeptide calcitonine gene ifitanye isano na peptide (CGRP). Nyamara, oxytocine nta ngaruka igira kuri potasiyumu ion iterwa no kurekura CGRP ivuye muri TG cyangwa TG afferent fibre fibre muri dura mater. Muri vitro, indi ntego ya TG ya peripheri, imiyoboro y'amaraso, amasezerano yo gusubiza oxytocine, kandi iki gisubizo kirashobora guhagarikwa na OTR antagonist L368899. Ubudahangarwa bwa Oxytocine bwabonetse mu ngirabuzimafatizo za TG, ariko oxytocine mRNA ntabwo yagaragaye muri TG. Kubwibyo, kuzenguruka oxytocine birashoboka cyane ko ikora kuri OTR muri TG, bityo bikagira ingaruka ku kwanduza ububabare [4].
5. Ingaruka kuri Moteri ya Gastrointestinal nigikorwa cyibanga
Oxytocine (OT) yerekana ingaruka nyinshi zishoboka muguhindura igifu nigikorwa cyibanga. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko OT ishobora kunoza imitekerereze ya gastrointestinal iterwa no gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa Vincristine (VCR), harimo gutinda kwa gastrointestinal no kugabanya ibisubizo by’ibice by’imitsi byatewe no gukurura amashanyarazi. Exogenous OT kwitegura birashobora kunoza cyane kubuza umuvuduko wa gastrointestinal na VCR no kwangiza neuron myenteric. Mubyongeyeho, OT irashobora kandi kugenga ubusa gastric na moteri ya gastrointestinal. Mugukoresha hypothalamic-vagal oxytocinergic neural circuit, irashobora gukumira impagarara ziterwa no gutinda gutinda kwa gastrici nibibazo byimitsi, kandi bikongera ijwi rya gastrici na moteri . Kubijyanye na peristalisite yo munda, ikimenyetso cya OT / OTR gifite ingaruka zoguhindura amara. Igihe cyo gutambuka kwa gastrointestinal yimbeba za OTR knockout (OTRKO) zirihuta kuruta icy'imbeba zo mu gasozi, kandi OT irashobora kubuza sisitemu yo mu bwoko bwa enteric nervice (ENS) -bishingiye ku mitsi yimuka yimuka ikorerwa muri vitro [9] . Ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa by’ibanga rya gastrointestinal, OT igenga imyakura yo mu mara no gukwirakwira kw ingirabuzimafatizo, igira uruhare mu kubungabunga ururenda rwo mu mara, kandi igira ingaruka zo gukingira kolite [9] . Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko ikimenyetso cya OT / OTR gifite uruhare runini mumirimo itandukanye yinzira yigifu, harimo umuvuduko wa gastrointestinal, ibikorwa byibanga, no kurinda mucosal.
Mu gusoza, Oxytocine iteza imbere kugabanya imitsi yoroshye ya nyababyeyi no gusohora amata ava muri glande y’inyamabere muri sisitemu y’imyororokere, kandi icyarimwe ikagenga imyitwarire y’imibereho, amarangamutima, hamwe n’ibisubizo biterwa na sisitemu y'imitsi. Byongeye kandi, oxytocine inagenga umuvuduko wa gastrointestinal nigikorwa cyibanga, itezimbere indwara ya gastrointestinal motite iterwa nibiyobyabwenge bya chimiotherapie, itera ubusa gastrica, ikabuza gusohora aside gastric, kandi ikagira ingaruka zo gukingira ibisebe byo munda na colitis. Imikorere yayo myinshi ituma igira akamaro gakomeye mubyororokere, metabolism.
Ibyerekeye Umwanditsi
Ibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru byose byakorewe ubushakashatsi, byahinduwe kandi byakozwe na Cocer Peptides.
Umwanditsi w'ikinyamakuru
Yang L ni umushakashatsi ufitanye isano na kaminuza yubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ya Huazhong. Ubushakashatsi bwe bwibanze ku bice byinshi byingenzi birimo Neurosciences & Neurology, Pharmacology & Farumasi, Ubushakashatsi & Medicine Experimental Medicine, Oncology, na Biochemie & Molecular Biology. Yatanze umusanzu ukomeye muriyi nzego binyuze mubikorwa bye byamasomo nubushakashatsi. Yang L yanditse ku rutonde rwerekana [3].
