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1 kits (10 Vials)
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▎ Melanotan-1 Tsarin
Source: PubChem |
Jeri: Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val Tsarin kwayoyin halitta: C 78H 111N 21O19 Nauyin Kwayoyin Halitta: 1646.8g/mol Lambar CAS: 75921-69-6 Takardar bayanai:16154396 Synonyms: Afamelanotida; NDP-MSH |
▎ Melanotan-1 Bincike
Menene asalin binciken Melanotan-1?
Melanotan-1 shine analog na roba na α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). α-MSH an samar da su ta wasu sel na musamman a cikin jikin mutum kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin ilimin lissafi kamar pigmentation. Don bincika aikace-aikacen sa a fannoni daban-daban, masu bincike sun haɓaka Melanotan-1. Bincike mai zurfi akan α-MSH ya haifar da haihuwar Melanotan-1. α-MSH an san yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka samar da melanin, kuma Melanotan-1 an tsara shi don samun aiki mai ƙarfi da takamaiman ayyuka, kamar a cikin fatar fata da yuwuwar tasirin kariya ta hoto [1] .
Menene Melanotan-1?
Melanotan-1 shine analog na roba na α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Ta hanyar ɗaure zuwa MC1R akan melanocytes, yana ƙarfafa melanocytes don samar da melanin. Ya nuna tasiri mai mahimmanci a cikin maganin erythropoietic protoporphyria kuma yana da yiwuwar aikace-aikace a cikin maganin wasu cututtuka na fata.
Melanotan-1 yana da halayyar tasiri mai dorewa. Yana iya ci gaba da motsa melanocytes a cikin jiki don samar da melanin, don haka samar da tasirin warkewa na dogon lokaci. Idan aka kwatanta da wasu hanyoyin magani, Melanotan-1 baya buƙatar gudanarwa akai-akai, rage nauyin jiyya ga marasa lafiya. A cikin nazarin asibiti, Melanotan-1 ya nuna aminci mai kyau. Abubuwan da aka saba da su sun haɗa da ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, amai da sauransu, amma gabaɗaya suna da sauƙi kuma ana iya samun sauƙi ta hanyar magani mai dacewa. Bugu da ƙari, Melanotan-1 yana da ɗanɗano mai guba ga mahimman gabobin kamar hanta da koda, yana ba da garantin aminci don aikace-aikacen asibiti.
Menene takamaiman hanyar da Melanotan-1 ke hana lalacewar rana?
Melanin a cikin fata yana taka rawa wajen ɗaukar hasken ultraviolet da radicals kyauta, don haka kare fata daga lalacewar ultraviolet. Ultraviolet radiation na iya haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta na fata kuma shine babban dalilin ciwon daji na fata daban-daban. Kasancewar melanin na iya rage fallasa hasken ultraviolet kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin fata da kuma rage haɗarin maye gurbi. Bayan da fata ta fallasa zuwa hasken ultraviolet, zai haifar da karuwa a cikin ayyukan melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors, wanda zai haifar da karuwa a cikin eumelanin a cikin melanocytes na epidermal. A matsayin analog na α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, Melanotan-1 na iya kwatanta wannan tsari kuma ya inganta samar da melanin [2] . Ta hanyar haɓaka abun ciki na melanin a cikin fata, Melanotan-1 na iya rage lalacewar hasken ultraviolet kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin fata. Bincike ya nuna cewa bayan amfani da Melanotan-1, ana haɓaka juriyar fata ga haskoki na ultraviolet, kuma faruwar kunar rana yana raguwa. Idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin tanning na gargajiya kamar tanning rana da kuma amfani da kayan tanning, Melanotan-1 yana da wasu fa'idodi na musamman. Tanning rana yana buƙatar ɗaukar dogon lokaci ga rana, wanda zai iya haifar da kunar rana a jiki, tsufa, da ƙarin haɗarin cutar kansar fata. Yin amfani da kayan tanning na iya samun matsaloli irin su haushin fata da rashin lafiyar da ke haifar da abubuwan sinadaran. Melanotan-1, ta hanyar allurar subcutaneous, na iya sarrafa sarrafa samar da melanin daidai kuma ya rage illa ga fata.
Menene takamaiman aikin Melanotan-1 a cikin maganin vitiligo?
Ƙarfafa samar da melanin: Melanotan-1 na iya motsa melanocytes don samar da melanin. Melanin abu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke ƙayyade launin fata. A cikin marasa lafiya tare da vitiligo, saboda lalacewa ko ƙananan melanocytes, fararen faci suna bayyana akan fata. Melanotan-1 yana haɓaka haɓakawa da bambance-bambancen melanocytes kuma yana ƙara haɓakar melanin ta hanyar kunna takamaiman hanyoyin sigina [3]..
Daidaita tsarin garkuwar jiki: Ana ɗaukar Vitiligo cuta ce ta autoimmune, wanda tsarin garkuwar jiki yakan kai hari ga melanocytes. Melanotan-1 na iya taka rawa wajen daidaita tsarin rigakafi da rage harin kan melanocytes. Yana iya daidaita amsawar rigakafi ta hanyar rinjayar aiki da aiki na ƙwayoyin rigakafi, don haka ya kawar da alamun vitiligo.
Tasirin Antioxidant: Hakanan damuwa na Oxidative yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin cututtukan vitiligo. Melanotan-1 na iya samun ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin antioxidant kuma yana rage lalacewar danniya na oxidative zuwa melanocytes. Yana iya kawar da radicals masu kyauta, kare melanocytes daga lalacewar oxidative, da kuma taimakawa wajen kula da aikin melanocytes na yau da kullum.
Waɗanne bayanan bincike ke goyan bayan takamaiman tasirin Melanotan-1 a cikin jiyya na erythropoietic protoporphyria?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) cuta ce ta gado na porphyrin na rayuwa wanda marasa lafiya ke fuskantar mummunan halayen phototoxic, suna cutar da ingancin rayuwarsu. A matsayin analog na roba na α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, Melanotan-1 yana da bayanan bincike masu zuwa don tallafawa takamaiman tasirin sa a cikin jiyya na EPP:
Inganta haƙurin haske: A cikin nazarin asibiti da yawa, an tabbatar da Melanotan-1 don inganta haɓakar haske na marasa lafiya na EPP. Misali, a cikin gwaji na Phase III CUV039, jiyya tare da Melanotan-1 ya inganta haƙurin haske na marasa lafiya na EPP. Idan aka kwatanta da placebo, jiyya tare da Melanotan-1 ya ba marasa lafiya damar ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba tare da ciwo ba kuma ya kara lokacin har sai alamun farko na phototoxicity ya haifar da daidaitaccen tushen haske [4] .
Inganta ingancin rayuwa: Yawancin karatu sun nuna cewa jiyya tare da Melanotan-1 na iya inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya na EPP. A cikin gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na asibiti, bayan karbar magani na Melanotan-1, an kimanta ingancin rayuwar marasa lafiya ta amfani da ingantattun tambayoyin, kuma sakamakon ya nuna ingantaccen ingancin rayuwa [4].
Tasirin kariya akan aikin hanta: Nazarin ya gano cewa Melanotan-1 na iya samun tasirin kariya akan aikin hanta na marasa lafiya na EPP. A cikin nazarin dubawa na baya-bayan nan, 2933 gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta, 1186 protoporphyrin gwaje-gwaje, da kuma 1659 Melanotan-1 aikace-aikace na implant aikace-aikace na 70 EPP marasa lafiya. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yayin da adadin kwanakin tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da Melanotan-1 na ƙarshe ya karu, ƙaddamarwar protoporphyrin (PPIX) ya karu sosai (p <0.0001); yayin da a cikin kwanaki 365 da suka gabata, yayin da adadin Melanotan-1 ya karu, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) da bilirubin sun ragu sosai (p = 0.012, p = 0.0299). Wannan yana nuna cewa Melanotan-1 yana da tasirin kariya mai dogaro da kashi akan aikin hanta na marasa lafiya na EPP [5] .
Daidaitawar PPIX da sifofin hanta. Zane (A): Histograms (kore) yana nuna rarraba bayanan dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ana nuna kwatancen ta hanyar biyu don duk bayanan dakin gwaje-gwaje. Zane (B): Bayanan ƙididdiga na kowane gwaji, gami da ma'ana, SD, matsakaici, ƙarami, da matsakaicin, ana nunawa.
Source:PubMed [5]
Kamfanin EpiTan na Ostiraliya ya gudanar da bincike kan sabon tsari na Melanotan (Ⅰ):
Melanotan (Ⅰ) shine analog na α-melanocyte-hormone mai ƙarfafawa, wanda ake amfani dashi don hana lalacewar rana. Yana kara kuzari samar da sinadarin melanin, yana sanya duhun fata, don haka yana kare fata daga hasken ultraviolet.
Akwai binciken asibiti guda uku waɗanda suka tabbatar da amincin Melanotan-1. A cikin binciken farko, an ba da batutuwa na 4 bazuwar don karɓar Melanotan-1 (0.08mg / kg allurar subcutaneous a kowace rana), kuma wasu batutuwa na 4 sun karɓi allurar maganin isotonic sodium chloride (9%) na maganin allura na kwanaki 10, sannan hasken UV-B ya biyo baya a sau 3 mafi ƙarancin erythema kashi (MED) a wuyansa.
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa 3 daga cikin batutuwa na 4 da suka karbi Melanotan-1 sun sami tanning, kuma adadin ƙwayoyin da aka ƙone a cikin ƙananan wuyansa na waɗannan batutuwa sun ragu da 47% (Dorr RT).
A cikin binciken na biyu, an ƙara adadin MT-1 zuwa 0.16mg / kg kowace rana don kwanaki 10.
Lokacin (n = 7) ko bayan (n = 5) lokacin gudanarwa na MT-1, yankin buttock ya fallasa zuwa radiation UV-B (0.25 - 0.75 MED). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa mafi girma na MT-1 ya yi duhu fiye da wuraren fata (Dorr RT) .A cikin binciken na uku, an ba da batutuwa na 8 don karɓar hasken rana na rabin baya don 3 - 5 kwanakin ko hasken rana tare da 0.16mg / kg na MT-1, 5 kwana a mako don 4 makonni. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa an inganta tanning na baya a cikin rukunin MT-1, kuma wannan tasirin tanning ya daɗe aƙalla makonni 3 fiye da na ƙungiyar kulawa wanda kawai ya sami hasken rana, yayin da ƙungiyar kulawa ta buƙaci ƙarin 50% ƙarin lokacin hasken rana don cimma wannan matakin na tanning [6]..
Aikace-aikacen Melanotan-1 a cikin binciken melanoma:
Melanoma ciwon fata ne mai cutarwa sosai, kuma hanyoyin magancewa na yanzu sun haɗa da tiyata, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, da immunotherapy. A matsayin agonist na MCR, Melanotan-1 na iya taka rawar warkewa ta hanyar daidaita girma, bambance-bambance, da apoptosis na ƙwayoyin melanoma. Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa Melanotan-1 na iya hana haɓakawa da mamaye ƙwayoyin melanoma kuma ya haifar da apoptosis na ƙwayoyin melanoma [7]..
Wadanne cututtuka ne za a iya amfani da Melanotan-1 don magance su?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP):
Erythropoietic protoporphyria wani nau'i ne na gado wanda ya haifar da ƙananan aikin ferrochelatase, wanda ke haifar da tarawar protoporphyrin a cikin kwayoyin jinin jini, plasma, hanta, da fata. Yawancin lokaci marasa lafiya suna kula da hasken rana, kuma idan sun fallasa su zuwa rana, za su fuskanci alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar ciwon fata, itching, erythema, da blisters. Melanotan-1 yana rage alamun majinyatan EPP ta hanyar ƙarfafa samar da melanin a cikin fata da kuma ƙara kariyar fata daga haskoki na ultraviolet. Nazarin ya nuna cewa Melanotan-1 na iya rage yawan mita da tsananin halayen phototoxic a cikin marasa lafiya na EPP da inganta rayuwar su [8].
Ciwon erythropoietic porphyria (CIPA):
Ciwon erythropoietic porphyria cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samun ta ba, wanda akasari ke haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayar halittar hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), wanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyar porphyrin mara kyau. Marasa lafiya suna da matukar damuwa ga haske, kuma fatar jikinsu da idanunsu suna da sauƙin lalacewa. Melanotan-1 kuma na iya ba da wasu kariya daga haskoki na ultraviolet ga marasa lafiya na CIPA ta hanyar haɓaka samar da melanin fata da rage alamun su [9] .
Rana urticaria:
Ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da urticaria na hasken rana, Melanotan-1 na iya haɓaka kariyar fata daga haskoki na ultraviolet da rage mita da tsananin alamun urticaria [10]..
Fashewar haske mai yawa (PMLE):
Nazarin ya nuna cewa Melanotan-1 kuma yana da wani tasiri na warkewa akan marasa lafiya na PMLE, wanda zai iya rage faruwar rashes da inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya [10]..
Vitiligo:
Melanotan-1 na iya taka wata rawa wajen inganta gyaran gyare-gyare na marasa lafiya na vitiligo ta hanyar inganta haɓakawa da bambance-bambancen melanocytes. Kodayake akwai ɗan ƙaramin karatu akan aikace-aikacen sa a cikin maganin vitiligo a halin yanzu, sakamakon farko ya nuna wasu yuwuwar [10].
kuraje:
Sakamakon warkewa na Melanotan-1 akan kuraje na iya zama alaƙa da tsarin sa na tsarin rigakafi da raguwar amsawar kumburi. Wasu binciken sun gano cewa Melanotan-1 na iya sauƙaƙa alamun kumburin kuraje da haɓaka warkar da raunukan fata [10].
Cutar Hailey-Hailey:
Melanotan-1 kuma ya nuna wasu tasirin warkewa a cikin maganin cutar Hailey-Hailey. Wannan cutar fata da ba kasafai ake samun ta ba tana da maimaita blisters da yashwa a fata. Melanotan-1 na iya inganta alamun marasa lafiya ta hanyar daidaita aikin ƙwayoyin fata [10].
A ƙarshe, a matsayin analog na roba na α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), Melanotan-1 (melanotan I) yana da mahimmanci a fagen lafiyar fata. Yana iya ƙara abun ciki na melanin a cikin fata, yana taimakawa fata ya fi tsayayya da lalacewar hasken ultraviolet, don haka hana kunar rana, rage tsufa na fata, da rage haɗarin ciwon daji na fata. Ta hanyar kunna mai karɓar melanocortin, Melanotan-1 yana haɓaka samarwa da rarraba melanin, yana samar da wata halitta 'sunscreen' don kare ƙwayoyin fata daga lalacewar DNA wanda hasken ultraviolet ya jawo da kuma lalacewar free radicals.
A cikin maganin cututtukan fata, Melanotan-1 kuma yana nuna yuwuwar ƙimar aikace-aikacen. Don cututtukan cututtuka irin su vitiligo, zai iya tada aikin melanocytes kuma yana inganta haɓakar melanin, yana taimakawa wajen dawo da launin fata na al'ada. Bugu da ƙari, yana da wasu damar da za a iya magance cututtuka tare da rashin daidaituwa na launi irin su melasma. Ta hanyar daidaita rarrabawa da metabolism na melanin, zai iya inganta launin fata da daidaituwa.
A matsayin sinadari na polypeptide, Melanotan-1 a hankali yana samun ƙarin kulawa da bincike a fannonin dermatology da cosmetology, yana ba mutane sabon zaɓi don magance matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da launin fata. Ya kamata a lura cewa aikace-aikacen likita na Melanotan-1 har yanzu yana buƙatar ƙima mai ƙarfi. A halin yanzu, yawancin karatun suna da ƙaramin samfurin ƙima da ƙayyadaddun bayanan aminci na dogon lokaci. Koyaya, tare da haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin sakewa mai dorewa da tsarin isar da magunguna na gida, fatan sa na fassarar asibiti suna da alƙawarin.
Game da Marubuci
Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama duk bincike ne, gyara su kuma Cocer Peptides ne suka haɗa su.
Mawallafin Jaridar Kimiyya
Elizabeth A. Langan shahararriyar likitan fata ce ta Burtaniya kuma mai binciken likita. Ta rike mukamai na ilimi a cibiyoyi da yawa, ciki har da Farfesa a Jami'ar Lubeck da Jami'ar Manchester, da kuma matsayi a Jami'ar Heidelberg da Jami'ar Sarauniya Mary ta London. Langan yana aiki a manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya kamar Asibitin Jami'ar Schleswig-Holstein da Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust. Ta buga takardu da yawa a cikin ƙwararrun mujallu kamar Kimiyyar fata. Yankunan bincikenta sun haɗa da dermatology, magani na gabaɗaya da na ciki, tiyata, ciwon daji, da bincike & magungunan gwaji. An san aikinta sosai kuma ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga waɗannan fannonin likitanci. An jera Elizabeth A. Langan a cikin ambaton ambaton [1].
