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1 pahu (10 Vials)
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▎ Melanotan-1 Hoʻolālā
Puna: PubChem |
Sequence: Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val Hui Molekala: C 78H 111N 21O19 Kaumaha Molekala: 1646.8g/mol Helu CAS: 75921-69-6 PubChem CID: 16154396 Synonyms: Afamelanotida; NDP-MSH |
▎ ʻImi Melanotan-1
He aha ke kumu noiʻi o Melanotan-1?
ʻO Melanotan-1 kahi analog synthetic o α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Hoʻokumuʻia ka α-MSH e nā pūnaewele kiko'ī i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka a he hana koʻikoʻi i nā hana physiological e like me ka pigmentation. No ka ʻimi ʻana i kāna mau noi ma nā ʻano like ʻole, ua hoʻomohala nā mea noiʻi i ka Melanotan-1. ʻO ka noiʻi hohonu e pili ana i ka α-MSH i alakaʻi i ka hānau ʻana o Melanotan-1. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo α-MSH i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka melanin, a ua hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Melanotan-1 i ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hana a me nā hana kikoʻī, e like me ka ʻili ʻili a me nā hopena photoprotective [1] .
He aha ka Melanotan-1?
ʻO Melanotan-1 kahi analog synthetic o α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka MC1R ma nā melanocytes, hoʻoulu ia i nā melanocytes e hana i ka melanin. Ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka hopena koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka erythropoietic protoporphyria a loaʻa nō hoʻi nā manaʻo noi no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻili ʻē aʻe.
Loaʻa i ka Melanotan-1 ke ʻano o kahi hopena lōʻihi. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoikaika mau i nā melanocytes i loko o ke kino e hana i ka melanin, no laila e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena therapeutic lōʻihi. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau ʻano hana lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole koi ʻo Melanotan-1 i ka hoʻokele pinepine ʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ke kaumaha o ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi. Ma nā haʻawina hauʻoli, ua hōʻike ʻo Melanotan-1 i ka palekana maikaʻi. ʻO nā hopena ʻino maʻamau e like me ke poʻo, nausea, ka luaʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā maʻamau lākou maʻalahi a hiki ke hoʻomaha ʻia ma o ka mālama kūpono. Eia kekahi, ʻo Melanotan-1 ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻawaʻawa i nā mea nui e like me ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hōʻoia palekana no kāna noi lapaʻau.
He aha ke ʻano hana kūikawā e pale ai ʻo Melanotan-1 i ka pōʻino o ka lā?
ʻO ka Melanin i loko o ka ʻili ke hana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kukuna ultraviolet a me nā radical manuahi, pēlā e pale ai i ka ʻili mai ka pōʻino ultraviolet. Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā genes o nā ʻili ʻili a ʻo ia ke kumu nui o nā maʻi maʻi ʻili like ʻole. Hiki i ka hele ʻana o ka melanin ke hōʻemi i ka hōʻike pololei ʻana o nā kukuna ultraviolet i nā ʻili ʻili a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke ʻano. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o ka ʻili i nā kukuna ultraviolet, e hoʻonui ia i ka hana o ka melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors, e hoʻonui ai i ka eumelanin i nā melanocytes epidermal. Ma keʻano he analog o α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hoʻohālike i kēia kaʻina hana a hoʻoikaika i ka hanaʻana o ka melanin [2] . Ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka melanin i loko o ka ʻili, hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hōʻemi i ka pōʻino pololei o nā kukuna ultraviolet i nā ʻili ʻili. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Melanotan-1, hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka ʻili i nā kukuna ultraviolet, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena o ka lā. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana tanning kuʻuna e like me ka sun tanning a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana tanning, Melanotan-1 kekahi mau pono kūʻokoʻa. Pono ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lā i ka wā lōʻihi i ka lā, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻili o ka lā, ka ʻelemakule, a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi ʻili. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana tanning hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia e like me ka ʻili o ka ʻili a me nā allergies i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea kemika. ʻO Melanotan-1, ma o ka subcutaneous injection, hiki ke hoʻomalu pono i ka hana ʻana o ka melanin a hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻino i ka ʻili.
He aha ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka hana a Melanotan-1 i ka mālama ʻana i ka vitiligo?
Hoʻoulu i ka hana melanin: Hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hoʻoulu i nā melanocytes e hana i ka melanin. He mea nui ka Melanin e hoʻoholo ai i ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka ʻili. I nā poʻe maʻi me ka vitiligo, ma muli o nā melanocytes i hōʻino ʻia a ʻano ʻole paha, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻili. Hoʻolaha ʻo Melanotan-1 i ka hoʻonui a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā melanocytes a hoʻonui i ka synthesis o ka melanin ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ala hōʻailona kikoʻī [3].
Hoʻoponopono i ka ʻōnaehana pale: Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Vitiligo he maʻi autoimmune, kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana immune i nā melanocytes. Hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻemi i ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā melanocytes. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i ka pane ʻana o ka immune ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hana a me ka hana o nā cell immune, no laila e hoʻomaha ai i nā hōʻailona o vitiligo.
Ka hopena Antioxidant: He mea koʻikoʻi ke koʻikoʻi Oxidative i ka pathogenesis o vitiligo. Loaʻa paha i ka Melanotan-1 kekahi mana antioxidant a hoʻemi i ka pōʻino o ke kaumaha oxidative i nā melanocytes. Hiki iā ia ke pale i nā radical manuahi, pale i nā melanocytes mai ka pōʻino oxidative, a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka hana maʻamau o nā melanocytes.
He aha ka ʻikepili noiʻi e kākoʻo i nā hopena kikoʻī o Melanotan-1 i ka mālama ʻana i ka erythropoietic protoporphyria?
ʻO ka Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) kahi maʻi hoʻoilina porphyrin metabolic kahi e ʻike ai nā mea maʻi i nā hopena phototoxic koʻikoʻi, e hoʻopilikia nui ana i ko lākou ola. Ma ke ʻano he analog synthetic o α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, loaʻa iā Melanotan-1 nā ʻikepili noiʻi e kākoʻo i kāna mau hopena kikoʻī i ka mālama ʻana i ka EPP:
Ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻomanawanui māmā: Ma nā haʻawina lapaʻau he nui, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Melanotan-1 e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻomanawanui māmā o nā maʻi EPP. No ka laʻana, i ka Phase III hoʻāʻo CUV039, mālama ʻia me Melanotan-1 i hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻae māmā o nā maʻi EPP. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka placebo, ʻo ka mālama ʻana me Melanotan-1 i hiki ai i nā poʻe maʻi ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa i ka lā pololei me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha a hoʻonui i ka manawa a hiki i nā hōʻailona mua o ka phototoxicity i kumu ʻia e kahi kumu kukui maʻamau [4] .
Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola: Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina he nui e hiki i ka mālama ʻana me Melanotan-1 ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola o nā maʻi EPP. Ma nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau like ʻole, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālama ʻana me Melanotan-1, ua loiloi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ke ola o nā maʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nīnau nīnau i hōʻoia ʻia, a ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ke ola [4].
Ka hopena pale i ka hana o ke ake: Ua ʻike nā haʻawina e loaʻa paha i ka Melanotan-1 ka hopena pale i ka hana ate o nā maʻi EPP. I loko o kahi haʻawina hoʻomaʻamaʻa retrospective, 2933 mau hoʻāʻo hana ate, 1186 mau hoʻokolohua protoporphyrin, a me 1659 Melanotan-1 implant noi o 70 mau maʻi EPP i hoʻokomo ʻia. Ua hōʻike nā hualoaʻa e like me ka nui o nā lā mai ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana o ka Melanotan-1 implant, ua piʻi nui ka manaʻo o ka protoporphyrin (PPIX) (p <0.0001); ʻoiai i nā lā 365 i hala iho nei, i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka Melanotan-1, ua emi nui ka alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) a me ka bilirubin (p = 0.012, p = 0.0299). Hōʻike kēia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka Melanotan-1 i ka hopena palekana e pili ana i ka hana o ka ate o nā maʻi EPP [5] .
Ka pilina o ka PPIX a me nā palena o ka ate. Diagram (A): Hōʻike nā histograms ('ōmaʻomaʻo) i ka māhele ʻana o ka ʻikepili keʻena. Hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻohālikelike pālua no nā ʻikepili hale hana āpau. Diagram (B): Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili helu no kēlā me kēia hoʻokolohua, me ka mean, SD, median, liʻiliʻi, a me ka nui.
Puna:PubMed [5]
Ua alakaʻi ka hui Australian EpiTan i kahi noiʻi e pili ana i kahi hoʻolālā kumuhana hou o Melanotan (Ⅰ):
ʻO Melanotan (Ⅰ) kahi analog o α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, hoʻohana ʻia e pale i ka pōʻino o ka lā. Hoʻoulu ia i ka hana ʻana o ka melanin, ʻeleʻele i ka ʻili, a pēlā e pale ai i ka ʻili mai ka radiation ultraviolet.
ʻEkolu mau haʻawina hauʻoli i hōʻoia i ka palekana o Melanotan-1. Ma ka haʻawina mua, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumuhana 4 e loaʻa iā Melanotan-1 (0.08mg / kg subcutaneous injection i kēlā me kēia lā), a ʻo kekahi mau kumuhana 4 i loaʻa i ka isotonic sodium chloride (9%) solution injection no nā lā 10, a ukali ʻia e ka UV-B light irradiation ma 3 manawa ka liʻiliʻi o ka erythema dose (MED) ma ka ʻāʻī.
Ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka 3 o 4 mau mea i loaʻa i ka Melanotan-1 i loaʻa i ka tanning, a ʻo ka helu o nā cell sunburned ma ka ʻāʻī irradiated o kēia mau kumuhana i hoʻemi ʻia e 47% (Dorr RT).
Ma ka haʻawina ʻelua, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o MT-1 i 0.16mg / kg i kēlā me kēia lā no 10 mau lā.
I loko o (n = 7) a i ʻole ma hope o (n = 5) ka manawa hoʻokele MT-1, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka ʻūhā i ka radiation UV-B (0.25 - 0.75 MED). Ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka ʻoi aku o ka nui o ka MT-1 i pōʻeleʻele i nā wahi ʻili (Dorr RT). Ma ke kolu o ka noiʻi ʻana, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā kumuhana 8 e loaʻa i ka hapalua o ka lā o ka lā no 3 - 5 mau lā a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana o ka lā me 0.16mg/kg o MT-1, 5 mau lā o ka pule no 4 mau pule. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hope o ka hui MT-1, a ua lōʻihi kēia hopena tanning ma kahi o 3 mau pule ma mua o ka hui hoʻomalu i loaʻa wale i ka ʻike ʻana o ka lā, aʻo ka pūʻulu mana e pono ai he 50% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka lā e hoʻokō ai i ka pae like o ka tanning [6].
ʻO ka noi ʻana o Melanotan-1 i ka noiʻi melanoma:
ʻO ka Melanoma kahi maʻi ʻili ʻino loa, a ʻo nā ʻano lapaʻau o kēia manawa ʻo ke ʻoki, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, a me ka immunotherapy. Ma ke ʻano he agonist MCR, hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke pāʻani i kahi hana therapeutic kūpono ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ulu ʻana, ka ʻokoʻa, a me ka apoptosis o nā cell melanoma. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke kāohi i ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā pūnaewele melanoma a hoʻoulu i ka apoptosis o nā cell melanoma [7].
ʻO wai nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Melanotan-1 e mālama ai?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP):
ʻO ka Erythropoietic protoporphyria he porphyria hoʻoilina i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka haʻahaʻa ferrochelatase haʻahaʻa, e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka protoporphyrin i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula, plasma, ate, a me ka ʻili. Maʻa mau ka poʻe maʻi i ka lā, a i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai i ka lā, e ʻike lākou i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha o ka ʻili, ka ʻili, ka erythema, a me nā ʻōpala. Hoʻemi ʻo Melanotan-1 i nā hōʻailona o ka poʻe maʻi EPP ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana o ka melanin i ka ʻili a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale o ka ʻili mai nā kukuna ultraviolet. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hoʻemi nui i ka pinepine a me ka paʻakikī o nā hopena phototoxic i nā maʻi EPP a hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou ola [8].
ʻO ka erythropoietic porphyria (CIPA):
ʻO ka congenital erythropoietic porphyria kahi maʻi ʻano autosomal recessive genetic, ma muli o nā hoʻololi ʻana i ka gene hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), e alakaʻi ana i ka metabolism porphyrin abnormal. ʻO ka poʻe maʻi e maʻalahi loa i ka mālamalama, a ua maʻalahi ko lākou ʻili a me nā maka. Hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hāʻawi i kekahi palekana mai nā kukui ultraviolet no nā maʻi CIPA ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o ka melanin ʻili a hōʻemi i kā lākou mau hōʻailona [9] .
ʻO ka urticaria o ka lā:
No nā poʻe maʻi me ka urticaria lā, hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hoʻonui i ka pale o ka ʻili mai nā kukui ultraviolet a hoʻemi i ka pinepine a me ka paʻakikī o nā hōʻailona urticaria [10].
Ka hū ʻana o ka māmā polymorphous (PMLE):
Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e loaʻa i ka Melanotan-1 kekahi hopena therapeutic i nā poʻe maʻi PMLE, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā rashes a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola o nā maʻi [10].
Vitiligo:
Hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hana i kekahi hana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka repigmentation o nā maʻi vitiligo ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻonui a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā melanocytes. ʻOiai he mau haʻawina liʻiliʻi e pili ana i kāna noi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka vitiligo i kēia manawa, hōʻike nā hopena mua i kekahi mau mea hiki [10].
ʻāʻī:
Hiki ke pili ka hopena therapeutic o Melanotan-1 i ka ʻekene i kona hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pane inflammatory. Ua ʻike kekahi mau haʻawina e hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona inflammatory o ka huehue a hāpai i ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā ʻili ʻili [10].
ʻO ka maʻi Hailey-Hailey:
Ua hōʻike pū ʻo Melanotan-1 i kekahi mau hopena therapeutic i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi Hailey-Hailey. ʻO kēia maʻi ʻili kakaʻikahi ke ʻike ʻia e nā ʻōpala a me nā erosions ma ka ʻili. Hiki i ka Melanotan-1 ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana o nā ʻili ʻili [10].
I ka hopena, ma ke ʻano he analog synthetic o α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), ʻo Melanotan-1 (melanotan I) he mea koʻikoʻi nui ia ma ke kahua o ke olakino ʻili. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka melanin i loko o ka ʻili, e kōkua i ka ʻili e pale aku i ka pōʻino o nā kukuna ultraviolet, pēlā e pale ai i ka sunburn, hoʻemi i ka ʻelemakule o ka ʻili, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi ʻili. Ma ka ho'ālaʻana i ka melanocortin receptor, Melanotan-1 e hoʻoikaika i ka hana a me ka hāʻawiʻana i ka melanin, e hana i ka 'sunscreen' maoli no ka paleʻana i nā pūnaeweleʻili mai ka pōʻino DNA i hoʻouluʻia e nā kukui ultraviolet a me ka pōʻino o nā radical free.
I ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻili, hōʻike pū ʻo Melanotan-1 i ka waiwai noi. No nā maʻi pigmentation e like me vitiligo, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i ka hana o nā melanocytes a hoʻoikaika i ka synthesis o ka melanin, e kōkua ana e hoʻihoʻi i ka pigmentation maʻamau o ka ʻili. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau mea i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi me ka pigmentation ʻole e like me ka melasma. Ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana a me ka metabolism o ka melanin, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka ʻili a me ke kūlike.
Ma ke ʻano he polypeptide waiwai, Melanotan-1 e loaʻa mālie ana ka nānā ʻana a me ka noiʻi ʻana i nā kahua o ka dermatology a me ka cosmetology, e hāʻawi ana i nā poʻe i kahi koho hou e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia pili i ka ʻili. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka noi lapaʻau o Melanotan-1 e koi mau i ka loiloi koʻikoʻi. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā haʻawina he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka nui a me nā ʻikepili palekana lōʻihi. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hoʻopuka hoʻokuʻu hoʻomau hou a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopuka lāʻau kūloko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna mau manaʻo no ka unuhi lapaʻau.
No ka mea kakau
ʻO nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei ua noiʻi ʻia, hoʻoponopono ʻia a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e Cocer Peptides.
Mea kākau moʻolelo ʻepekema
He kanaka dermatologist kaulana ʻo UK a he mea noiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Elizabeth A. Langan. Paʻa ʻo ia i nā kūlana hoʻonaʻauao ma nā ʻoihana he nui, me nā Professorships ma ke Kulanui o Lubeck a me ke Kulanui o Manchester, a me nā kuleana ma ke Kulanui ʻo Heidelberg a me Queen Mary University of London. Hana ʻo Langan i nā ʻoihana olakino hanohano e like me ka Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital a me ka Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust. Ua paʻi ʻo ia i nā pepa he nui i nā nūpepa ʻoihana e like me Dermatological Science. Hoʻopili ʻia kāna mau wahi noiʻi i ka dermatology, ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau a me ka lāʻau kūloko, ka ʻokiʻoki, ka oncology, a me ka noiʻi a me ka lāʻau hoʻokolohua. Ua ʻike nui ʻia kāna hana a ua kōkua nui i kēia mau ʻoihana lapaʻau. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Elizabeth A. Langan ma ka ʻōlelo kuhikuhi [1].
