HCG 5000 iu

▎ HCG Structure

▎ Kev Tshawb Fawb HCG

Dab tsi yog qhov kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm ntawm hCG?

hCG plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus, suav nrog kev tswj xyuas cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov thiab ua rau ovulation hauv kev pab cuam ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Ntuj hCG feem ntau yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub cov zis, nthuav qhia cov kev txwv hauv kev muab khoom thiab kev ruaj ntseg purity. Qhov no ua tsis tau raws li qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev kho mob loj zuj zus, xav tau kev txhim kho ntawm cov hluavtaws hCG los muab cov tshuaj ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha.

Kev nce qib hauv genetic engineering thev naus laus zis tau ua rau lub cloning thiab kev qhia ntawm hCG noob, tso lub hauv paus rau kev tshawb fawb hluavtaws hCG. Los ntawm kev qhia cov noob hCG rau hauv cov tswv tsev xws li cov poov xab los yog Suav hamster zes qe menyuam (CHO) hlwb, recombinant qhia ntawm hCG tuaj yeem ua tiav. Synthetic hCG muab cov qauv ntshiab rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm, ua kom yooj yim nkag siab txog nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab ua kom muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov kev kho mob zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, hluavtaws hCG tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob cev xeeb tub thiab saib xyuas cov xwm txheej.

Dab tsi yog qhov mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim rau hCG?

Mechanism hauv kev tswj cev xeeb tub: hCG feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb sib txawv syncytiotrophoblast thiab ua haujlwm ua lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm embryonic teeb liab tseem ceeb rau kev xeeb tub. Nws ua kom muaj ntau lub teeb liab cascades los ntawm kev khi rau luteinizing hormone / tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR). Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Nwabuobi C qhia tau hais tias los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj nrog kev hloov pauv kev loj hlob beta receptor (TGFβR), nws ua haujlwm rau niam txiv txoj kev taw qhia xws li Smad2, protein kinase C (PKC), thiab / lossis protein kinase A (PKA). Hauv kev txhawb nqa uterine endothelial angiogenesis, hCG pab muab zaub mov txaus thiab oxygen rau kev loj hlob ntawm embryonic; Nyob rau hauv kev tswj uterine myometrial quiescence, nws tsim ib tug ruaj khov intrauterine ib puag ncig conducive rau embryo implantation thiab kev loj hlob; Hauv kev txhawb nqa kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm leej niam-fetal cuam tshuam, hCG hloov pauv niam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kev tsis lees paub lub embryo, ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm cev xeeb tub ^[1].

Mechanism ntawm kev ua hauv kev txhim kho endometrial receptivity: Hauv vivo thwmsim siv lub embryo implantation dysfunction (EID) nas qauv thiab tib neeg endometrial epithelial hlwb (EECs) qhia tias hCG txhim kho endometrial receptivity hauv EID nas. hCG tswj cov miR-126-3p / PIK3R2 axis los ntawm kev txhawb nqa miR-126-3p kev qhia thiab inhibiting PIK3R2, thaum miR-126-3p lub hom phiaj PIK3R2. EEC proliferation tau txhim kho tom qab kev kho mob hCG tab sis inhibited thaum miR-126-3p raug downregulated. Ob qho tib si hauv vivo thiab hauv vitro kev sim tau lees paub tias hCG txhim kho endometrial receptivity thiab pab txhawb embryo implantation los ntawm activating PI3K / Akt / eNOS txoj kev ntawm miR-126-3p / PIK3R2 axis ^[2].

Daim duab 1 hCG txhim kho endometrial receptivity hauv EID nas ^[2].

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm glycosylation ntawm cov txheej txheem hormonal: Kev tshawb fawb ntawm glycosylated moiety ntawm hCG qhia tias tshem tawm cov suab thaj sib txawv los ntawm hCG derivatives txawv cuam tshuam rau lawv lub peev xwm khi rau nas Leydig hlwb thiab lawv lub peev xwm los txhawb testosterone thiab cyclic AMP (cAMP) synthesis. Nrog kev tshem tawm ntawm sialic acid, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, thiab mannose residues, cov tshuaj hormone zoo yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog steroid ntau zuj zus, thaum lub peev xwm los txhawb cAMP tsub zuj zuj zuj zus. Tsawg koob tshuaj glycosidase-kho tshuaj hormone derivatives nthuav tawm cov teebmeem ntxiv thaum soj ntsuam nrog hCG rau lawv lub peev xwm los txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm testosterone. Txawm li cas los xij, cov derivatives no yog cov muaj zog inhibitors ntawm hCG-induced cAMP tsub zuj zuj, tawm tswv yim tias glycosylation tshem tawm tsawg kawg cuam tshuam cov tshuaj hormone-cell khi thaum txo qis peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones los ua kom adenylate cyclase. Qhov no ntxiv underscores lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm glycosylation nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab transduction nyob rau hauv lub hCG mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim ^[3].

Dab tsi yog qhov kev siv ntawm hCG?

Kev kuaj cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov: Synthetic hCG yog siv los npaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Hauv kev kho mob, kev xeeb tub yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ntsuas hCG hauv tus poj niam cov zis lossis ntshav. Kwv yees li 6-7 hnub tom qab fertilization, trophoblast hlwb pib secreting hCG. Raws li kev xeeb tub zuj zus, qib hCG hauv cov ntshav thiab zis nce sai. Siv hluavtaws hCG raws li tus qauv tso cai rau kev tsim cov qauv nkhaus rau kev kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj reagents, ua kom muaj qhov tseeb ntawm hCG cov ntsiab lus hauv cov qauv. Piv txwv li, ib qho kev kuaj cev xeeb tub ib txwm cia siab rau cov cuab yeej immunochromatography, qhov twg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau npaj los ntawm hluavtaws hCG tshwj xeeb khi rau hCG hauv cov zis, nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xim uas qhia tias cev xeeb tub. Feem ntau, tom qab lub sijhawm tsis nco qab, cov poj niam tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem no rau kev ntsuam xyuas cev xeeb tub ua ntej, muab lub hauv paus rau kev saib xyuas ua ntej yug menyuam thiab kev tswj hwm ^[1].

Saib xyuas cov xwm txheej ntsig txog cev xeeb tub: Thaum cev xeeb tub, taug qab cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov niam txiv qib hCG pab rau kev kuaj mob thiab saib xyuas ntau yam mob ntsig txog kev xeeb tub. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ectopic cev xeeb tub, qhov twg fertilized qe implants sab nraum lub uterine kab noj hniav, lub trophoblastic hlwb tsim txawv txav. Qhov no ua rau qis hCG secretion piv rau cov cev xeeb tub hauv plab thiab lub sijhawm ntev dua ob npaug. Kev soj ntsuam tas li ntawm cov ntshav hCG, ua ke nrog kev kuaj ultrasound, ua kom pom tseeb ntawm kev xeeb tub ectopic. Qhov no tso cai rau kev cuam tshuam thiab kev kho mob raws sijhawm, tiv thaiv kev mob hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov kab mob trophoblastic zoo li hydatidiform mole, qib hCG feem ntau qhia qhov nce siab. Tom qab kev kho mob, kev soj ntsuam tas li ntawm hCG tuaj yeem ntsuas kev kho mob zoo thiab kuaj pom qhov rov tshwm sim dua. Kev nce siab lossis nce qib hCG tsis tu ncua qhia tias muaj cov kab mob seem lossis rov qab los, xav tau kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv thiab kev cuam tshuam ^[1].

Dab tsi yog qhov kev sim ua ntej txog hCG?

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau tsim los siv tag nrho β-subunit ntawm hCG raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab 37-amino acid peptide ntu (C-terminus 109-145) raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau dhau los ntawm preclinical toxicity thiab kev nyab xeeb kev sim thiab ua tiav Phase I thiab Phase II kev sim tshuaj. Hauv kev sib piv Phase I qhov kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas uas muaj 116 tus poj niam tuaj yeem pab dawb uas tau ua tiav tubal ligation, peb hom tshuaj tiv thaiv β-hCG tau sim. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias txhua tus poj niam tau txhaj tshuaj tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv hCG thiab tetanus, qhia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo txhawb kev tiv thaiv tib neeg lub cev ^[4].

Txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev yug menyuam thiab kho cov kab mob ntsig txog cov tshuaj hormones, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau hCG. Immunogens tau npaj los ntawm kev sib txuas hluavtaws peptides sawv cev rau lub ntuj tsim qauv ntawm hCG β-subunit rau cov neeg nqa khoom protein. Thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ntau yam peptides ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev uas tau xaiv los ntawm C-terminal cheeb tsam ntawm β subunit thiab kuaj lawv lub peev xwm los ntxias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog hCG thiab tsis ua haujlwm hauv vivo. Thaum kawg, ntu 37-amino acid peptide sawv cev rau thaj tsam C-terminal ntawm β subunit raug xaiv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen. Diphtheria toxoid tau raug xaiv los ua tus neeg nqa khoom, ua rau kev npaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug. Tom qab kev sim thoob plaws ntau hom, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb tiv thaiv hCG, thiab pom qhov txo qis hauv kev xeeb tub tau pom hauv cov kab mob baboons. Qhov no muab kev nkag siab tshiab thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau rau tib neeg kev tswj fertility thiab kev kho kab mob cuam tshuam ^[5].

Xaus

Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb glycoprotein hormone, hCG plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua me nyuam: hauv cov poj niam, nws ua los ntawm kev khi rau cov tshuaj hormone luteinizing / chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) los txhawb nqa kev xeeb tub thaum ntxov (txhawb luteal progesterone secretion thiab tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig uterine ruaj khov), txhawb kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib txuas lus. pab txhawb embryo implantation. Hauv cov txiv neej, nws txhawb nqa Leydig hlwb los ua ke thiab zais cov testosterone, pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev thiab cov spermatogenesis.

Hais Txog Tus Sau

Cov ntaub ntawv hais saum toj no yog txhua yam tshawb fawb, kho thiab sau los ntawm Cocer Peptides.

Scientific Journal Author

Nwabuobi C yog tus kws tshawb fawb tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Lawv cov kev tshawb fawb feem ntau yog tsom rau kev txheeb xyuas cov haujlwm lom neeg ntawm hCG thiab tshawb nrhiav nws cov kev sib txuas nrog kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Nwabuobi C feem ntau tau txais kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sim xws li cov tswv yim molecular biology thiab cov qauv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb tob, aiming kom nkag siab txog lub cev lub cev ntawm hCG thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov xwm txheej kho mob. Nwabuobi C tau teev nyob rau hauv qhov kev siv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj [1].

▎ Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb

[1] Nwabuobi C, Arlier S, Schatz F, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O, Lockwood CJ, Kayisli UA. hCG: Kev ua haujlwm lom neeg thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2017; 18(10).DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102037.

[2] Wang WJ, Zhang L, et al. Mechanism ntawm tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin hauv endometrial receptivity ntawm miR-126-3p / PI3K / Akt / eNOS axis. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences 2023; 39(5): 468-477.DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12672.

[3] Moyle WR, Bahl OP, März L. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm carbohydrate ntawm tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Phau ntawv Journal of Biological Chemistry 1975; 250(23): 9163-9169.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=172504&query_hl=1.

[4] Talwar GP, Hingorani V, Kumar S, et al. Phase I kev sim tshuaj nrog peb hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin. Contraception 1990; 41(3): 301-316.DOI: 10.1016/0010-7824(90)90071-3.

[5] Stevens VC. Kev siv hluavtaws peptides ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin. Ciba Pom Symp 1986; 119: 200-225.DOI: 10.1002/9780470513286.ch12.

Tag nrho cov kab lus thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam muab rau ntawm lub vev xaib no tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm thiab cov hom phiaj kev kawm.  

Cov khoom muab rau hauv lub vev xaib no yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro. Kev tshawb fawb hauv vitro (Latin: * hauv iav *, lub ntsiab lus hauv iav) yog ua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov khoom no tsis yog tshuaj, tsis tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los tiv thaiv, kho, lossis kho txhua yam mob, kab mob, lossis mob. Nws raug txwv nruj raws li txoj cai los qhia cov khoom no rau hauv tib neeg lossis tsiaj lub cev hauv txhua daim ntawv.