HCG 5000iu

▎ Enzimba ya HCG

▎ Okunoonyereza ku HCG

Ensibuko y’okunoonyereza ku hCG eri etya?

hCG ekola kinene nnyo mu ddagala ly’okuzaala, omuli okukuuma embuto nga bukyali n’okuleeta okufulumya eggi mu tekinologiya ow’okuzaala ayambibwako. hCG ey’obutonde okusinga eggibwa mu musulo gw’abakyala ab’embuto, eraga obuzibu mu kugiwa n’okukakasa obulongoofu. Kino kiremererwa okutuukiriza ebyetaago by’obujjanjabi ebigenda byeyongera, ekyetaagisa okukola hCG ey’obutonde okusobola okuwa ensibuko y’eddagala enywevu era eyeesigika.

Enkulaakulana mu tekinologiya w’obuzaale esobozesezza okukola cloning n’okwolesebwa kw’obuzaale bwa hCG, ne kiteekawo omusingi ogw’ekikugu ogw’okunoonyereza ku hCG ey’obutonde. Nga tuyingiza obuzaale bwa hCG mu butoffaali obukyaza nga obutoffaali bw’ekizimbulukusa oba Chinese hamster ovary (CHO), okulaga hCG mu ngeri ey’okugatta (recombinant expression of hCG) kuyinza okutuukibwako. Synthetic hCG egaba sampuli ennongoofu okunoonyereza ku nsengeka n’emirimu, okwanguyiza okutegeera ennyo enkola zaayo ez’okukola n’okusobozesa okukola enkola z’obujjanjabi ezisingako obulungi. Okugatta ku ekyo, hCG ey’obutonde esobola okukozesebwa okuteekateeka ebikebera obulwadde, okutumbula obutuufu bw’okuzuula embuto n’okulondoola embeera ezikwatagana.

Enkola ki ey’okukola ku hCG?

Enkola mu kukuuma olubuto: hCG okusinga ekolebwa obutoffaali bwa syncytiotrophoblast obw’enjawulo era ekola ng’akabonero akakulu ak’embuto aketaagisa okuyimirizaawo olubuto. Kikola obubonero obuwera obuyitibwa cascades nga bwesiba ku luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR). Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa Nwabuobi C kulaga nti okuyita mu nkolagana obutereevu oba obutatereevu n’ekirungo ekikyusa enkula y’ekirungo ekiyitibwa transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFβR), ekola amakubo g’obubonero bwa maama nga Smad2, protein kinase C (PKC), ne/oba protein kinase A (PKA). Mu kutumbula endothelial angiogenesis mu nnabaana, hCG eyamba okuwa ebiriisa ebimala ne oxygen okusobola okukula kw’embuto; Mu kukuuma okusirika kw’omusuwa gwa nnabaana, kikola embeera ennywevu mu nnabaana eyamba okuteekebwamu embuto n’okukula; Mu kutumbula okulungamya abaserikale b’omubiri ku nsengekera ya maama n’omwana ali mu lubuto, hCG ekyusakyusa abaserikale b’omubiri gwa maama okuziyiza okugaana embuto, okukakasa nti olubuto lugenda bulungi ^[1]..

Enkola y’okukola mu kulongoosa endometrial receptivity: In vivo experiments nga tukozesa embryo implantation dysfunction (EID) mouse model ne human endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) yalaga nti hCG eyongera ku endometrial receptivity mu EID mice. hCG etereeza ekisiki kya miR-126-3p/PIK3R2 nga etumbula okwolesebwa kwa miR-126-3p n’okuziyiza PIK3R2, ate miR-126-3p etunuulira PIK3R2. Okukula kwa EEC kwayongezebwa oluvannyuma lw’okujjanjabwa hCG naye ne kuziyizibwa nga miR-126-3p ekendeezeddwa. Okugezesa kwombi mu vivo ne mu vitro kwakakasa nti hCG eyongera ku endometrial receptivity era eyamba okuteekebwamu embuto nga ekola ekkubo lya PI3K/Akt/eNOS nga liyita mu miR-126-3p/PIK3R2 axis ^[2]..

Ekifaananyi 1 hCG yalongoosa endometrial receptivity mu mbeba EID ^[2]..

Enkola ya glycosylation ku nkola z’obusimu: Okunoonyereza ku kitundu kya glycosylated ekya hCG kulaga nti okuggya ebisigalira bya ssukaali eby’enjawulo okuva mu biva mu hCG kikosa mu ngeri ey’enjawulo obusobozi bwabyo obw’okusiba obutoffaali bwa Leydig obw’envunza n’obusobozi bwabwo okusitula testosterone ne cyclic AMP (cAMP) synthesis. Olw’okuggyawo asidi wa sialic, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, n’ebisigadde bya mannose mu mutendera, ddoozi ya hormone ennungi eyeetaagisa okusitula okukola steroid yeeyongera mpolampola, ate obusobozi bw’okusitula okukuŋŋaanyizibwa kwa cAMP bwakendeera nnyo. Ebiva mu busimu ebijjanjabiddwa mu ddoozi entono glycosidase byalaga ebikolwa eby’okwongerako bwe byakeberebwa ne hCG ku busobozi bwabyo okusitula okukola testosterone. Wabula, ebivaamu bino byali biziyiza nnyo okukuŋŋaanyizibwa kwa cAMP okuleetebwa hCG, ekiraga nti okuggyawo glycosylation kikosa kitono ku kusiba kwa hormone-cell ate nga kikendeeza ku busobozi bw’obusimu obusibiddwa okukola adenylate cyclase. Kino kyongera okulaga omulimu omukulu ogwa glycosylation mu kukyusa obubonero munda mu nkola ya hCG ey’okukola ^[3]..

Enkola za hCG ze ziruwa?

Okuzuula olubuto nga bukyali: Synthetic hCG ekozesebwa okuteekateeka eddagala erizuula. Mu nkola y’obujjanjabi, olubuto lusalibwawo nga bapima emiwendo gya hCG mu musulo oba omusaayi gw’omukyala. Nga wayise ennaku nga 6–7 oluvannyuma lw’okuzaala, obutoffaali bwa trophoblast butandika okufulumya hCG. Olubuto bwe lweyongera, emiwendo gya hCG mu musaayi n’omusulo gyombi girinnya mangu. Okukozesa hCG ey’obutonde ng’omutindo kisobozesa okuteekawo obulungi enkola y’omutindo (standard curve) ey’ebirungo ebizuula, okusobozesa okugera obungi obutuufu obw’ebirimu hCG mu sampuli. Okugeza, emiguwa egya bulijjo egy’okukebera embuto zeesigamye ku tekinologiya wa immunochromatography, nga antibodies ezitegekeddwa okuva mu synthetic hCG zisiba mu ngeri ey’enjawulo ku hCG mu musulo, nga langi ekwatagana eraga embeera y’olubuto. Mu bujjuvu, oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ekisubiddwa, abakyala basobola okukozesa enkola ng’ezo okusooka okwekenneenya embuto, ne ziwa omusingi gw’okulabirira n’okuddukanya oluvannyuma nga tebannazaala ^[1]..

Okulondoola embeera ezeekuusa ku lubuto: Mu kiseera ky‟olubuto, okulondoola enkyukakyuka ez‟amaanyi mu miwendo gya hCG mu maama kiyamba mu kuzuula n‟okulondoola obuzibu obw‟enjawulo obukwata ku lubuto. Okugeza, mu lubuto olutali mu nnabaana, eggi erizaaliddwa gye lisimbibwa ebweru w’ekisenge kya nnabaana, obutoffaali obuyitibwa trophoblastic cells bukula mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo. Kino kivaamu okufulumya hCG okutono bw’ogeraageranya n’embuto eza bulijjo mu nnabaana n’ekiseera ekiwanvu eky’okukubisaamu emirundi ebiri. Okulondoola obutasalako emiwendo gya hCG mu musaayi, nga kwotadde n’okukeberebwa mu ngeri ya ultrasound, kyanguyiza okuzuula amangu embuto ezitali za nnabaana. Kino kisobozesa okuyingira mu nsonga n’okujjanjaba mu budde, okuziyiza ebizibu eby’amaanyi. Okugatta ku ekyo, ku ndwadde za trophoblastic nga hydatidiform mole, emiwendo gya hCG gitera okulaga obugulumivu obutali bwa bulijjo. Oluvannyuma lw’obujjanjabi, okulondoola hCG okutambula obutasalako kuyinza okwekenneenya obulungi bw’obujjanjabi n’okuzuula okuddamu. Emiwendo gya hCG egy’okulinnya oba okulinnya buli kiseera kiraga nti obulwadde buyinza okusigalawo oba okuddamu, nga kyetaagisa okwongera okunoonyereza n’okuyingira mu nsonga ^[1]..

Biki ebikoleddwa mu kugezesa ebikwata ku hCG?

Eddagala erigema okuziyiza okuzaala eryakolebwa nga likozesa β-subunit enzijuvu eya hCG nga immunogen ne 37-amino acid peptide segment (C-terminus 109-145) nga immunogen liyise mu kugezesebwa okw’obutwa n’obukuumi nga tekunnabaawo era ne kumaliriza okugezesebwa okw’obujjanjabi okwa Phase I ne Phase II. Mu kugezesebwa okw’obujjanjabi okwa Phase I okugeraageranya okwazingiramu bannakyewa abakyala 116 abaali bamaze okusiba enseke, enkola ssatu ez’okugema ezesigamiziddwa ku β-hCG zaakeberebwa. Ebivuddemu biraga nti abakyala bonna abagemeddwa baakola obutoffaali obuziyiza hCG ne tetanus, ekiraga nti eddagala lino lisitula bulungi abaserikale b’omubiri gw’omuntu ^[4]..

Okusobola okutuuka ku kuziyiza okuzaala n’okujjanjaba endwadde ezeekuusa ku busimu, abanoonyereza baakola eddagala erigema nga ligenderera hCG. Immunogens zategekebwa nga ziyunga peptides ez’obutonde ezikiikirira ensengekera y’obutonde enkulu eya hCG β-subunit ku basitula puloteyina. Mu kiseera ky’okukulaakulanya, abanoonyereza baakola peptides eziwera ez’obuwanvu obw’enjawulo ezaalondebwa okuva mu kitundu kya C-terminal region ya β subunit ne bagezesa obusobozi bwazo okuleeta antibodies ezisobola okukolagana ne hCG n’okuziyiza emirimu gyayo mu vivo. Mu nkomerero, ekitundu kya peptide ekya amino asidi 37 ekikiikirira ekitundu kya C-terminal ekya β subunit kyalondebwa nga antigen y’okugema. Diphtheria toxoid yalondebwa ng’ekisita, ekyavaako okuteekateeka eddagala erisooka erya prototype. Oluvannyuma lw’okugezesebwa mu bika ebingi, eddagala lino lyatuuka bulungi okuleeta emiwendo gy’obutafaali obuziyiza hCG, era okukendeera okw’amaanyi mu kuzaala kwalabiddwa mu nvubu ezaagemesebwa. Kino kyawa amagezi amapya n’enkola eziyinza okukolebwa mu kuziyiza okuzaala kw’abantu n’okujjanjaba endwadde ezikwatagana nabyo ^[5]..

Mu bufunzi

Nga obusimu obukulu obwa glycoprotein, hCG ekola omulimu ogw’okulungamya ogw’omu makkati mu nkola y’okuzaala: mu bakyala, ekola nga yeesiba ku luteinizing hormone/ chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) okuyimirizaawo olubuto nga bukyali (okuwagira okufulumya luteal progesterone n’okutondawo embeera y’omu nnabaana ennywevu), okutumbula okukula kw’enkwaso n’okufulumya eggi, n’okutumbula endometrial receptivity okusobola okwanguyiza okuteekebwamu embuto. Mu basajja, kisitula obutoffaali bwa Leydig okukola n’okufulumya obusimu obuyitibwa testosterone, ekiyamba okukula kw’ebitundu by’okuzaala n’okuzaala ensigo.

Ebikwata ku Muwandiisi

Ebintu ebyogeddwako waggulu byonna binoonyerezeddwako, birongooseddwa era ne bikung’aanyizibwa kkampuni ya Cocer Peptides.

Omuwandiisi wa Scientific Journal

Nwabuobi C munoonyereza ng’essira aliteeka ku mulimu gw’okunoonyereza ku ddagala lya human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Okunoonyereza kwabwe okusinga kwesigamye ku kwekenneenya emirimu gy’ebiramu egya hCG n’okunoonyereza ku kakwate kaayo n’okukozesebwa mu bujjanjabi. Nwabuobi C etera okwettanira enkola z’okugezesa ezigatta nga obukodyo bwa molekyu n’okwekenneenya sampuli z’obujjanjabi okukola okunoonyereza okw’obwegendereza, ng’agenderera okwongera okutegeera enkola z’omubiri eza hCG n’omugaso gwayo ogw’omugaso mu mbeera z’obujjanjabi. Nwabuobi C awandiikiddwa mu kiwandiiko ekijuliziddwa [1].

▎ Ebiwandiiko Ebikwatagana

[1] Nwabuobi C, Arlier S, Schatz F, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O, Lockwood CJ, Kayisli U. A., ne bannaabwe abalala. hCG: Emirimu gy’ebiramu n’okukozesebwa mu bujjanjabi. Ekitabo ky’ensi yonna ekya Sayansi wa Molekyulu 2017; 18 (10).DOI: 10.3390 / ijms18102037. Enkola y’okukuuma obutonde bw’ensi.

[2] Wang W, Ge L, Zhang LL, n’abalala. Enkola ya gonadotropin y’omuntu eya chorionic gonadotropin mu kukkiriza kw’omu lubuto ng’eyita mu miR-126-3p/PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis. Kaohsiung Journal of Sayansi w’Ebyobujjanjabi 2023; 39(5): 468-477.DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12672.

[3] Moyle WR, Bahl OP, März L. Omulimu gwa kaboni wa chorionic gonadotropin y’omuntu mu nkola y’okukola kw’obusimu. Journal of Ebiramu eby’obutonde 1975; 250(23): 9163-9169.

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[4] Talwar G. P., Hingorani V., Kumar S., n’abalala. Okugezesebwa kw’obujjanjabi okw’omutendera I nga kuliko enkola ssatu ez’okugema eddagala lya anti-human chorionic gonadotropin. Okuziyiza okuzaala 1990; 41(3): 301-316.DOI: 10.1016/0010-7824 (90) 90071-3.

[5] Stevens V. C., era nga bano. Okukozesa peptides ezikoleddwa nga immunogens okukola eddagala erigema human chorionic gonadotropin. Ciba Yazuuliddwa Symp 1986; 119: 200-225.DOI: 10.1002/9780470513286.ch12.

EBINTU BYONNNA N’AMAWULIRE GW’EBINTU EBIweereddwa KU MUTINDO GUNO BIKOZESEBWA KU KUSASANYA AMAWULIRE N’EBIKOLWA BY’OKUSOMESA BYOKKA.  

Ebintu ebiweereddwa ku mukutu guno bigendereddwamu kunoonyereza mu kisenge (in vitro research) byokka. Okunoonyereza mu kisenge (in vitro research) (Olulattini: *mu ndabirwamu*, ekitegeeza mu bikozesebwa mu ndabirwamu) kukolebwa ebweru w’omubiri gw’omuntu. Ebintu bino si bya ddagala, tebikkiriziddwa kitongole kya Amerika ekivunaanyizibwa ku by’emmere n’eddagala (FDA), era tebirina kukozesebwa kuziyiza, kujjanjaba oba kuwonya mbeera yonna ya bujjanjabi, bulwadde oba bulwadde. Kikugirwa nnyo mu mateeka okuyingiza ebintu bino mu mubiri gw’omuntu oba ebisolo mu ngeri yonna.