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1 kits (10 Vials)
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▎ Tsarin Sema
Source: PubChem |
Jerin: MEHFPGP Tsarin Halitta: C 37H 51N 9O 10S Nauyin Kwayoyin: g/mol Lambar CAS: 80714-61-0 Saukewa: 9811102 Ma'ana: ACTH (4-7) |
▎ Binciken Sema
Menene Sema?
Sema wani fili ne na peptide na roba kuma yana cikin nau'in nootropic. Babban bangarensa shine analog na hormone mai sakin thyrotropin (TRH), hade da sauran amino acid (kamar valine da leucine). Sema na iya inganta ayyukan fahimi ta hanyar daidaita masu watsawa (kamar dopamine da norepinephrine) a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, gami da haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, haɓaka hankali, da ikon koyo.
Menene asalin bincike na Sema?
Haɓaka bisa ga gutsuttsuran ACTH:
Sema ya ƙunshi guntun ACTH (4 - 7) da tripeptide Pro - Gly - Pro (PGP). ACTH, wato adrenocorticotropic hormone, wani hormone ne da aka ɓoye ta glandan pituitary na baya kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita aikin cortex na adrenal. Masu bincike sun binciki tsarin ACTH, sun fitar da takamaiman guntu (4 - 7) daga gare ta, kuma suka haɗa shi da PGP tripeptide don haɗa Sema. Wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwar tana ba Sema damar riƙe wani ɓangare na ayyukan ACTH kuma yana da halaye na musamman na halitta [1].
Binciken maganin farfadiya:
Farfaɗo cuta ce ta rashin aikin kwakwalwa wanda ke da ƙarancin ɓarnawar jijiyoyi. Seizure babbar alama ce ta farfadiya, yawanci lalacewa ta kwakwalwa. Kodayake magungunan na yanzu don magance farfaɗo suna da wasu tasiri, suna kuma da wasu mummunan tasirin lafiya. A cikin wannan yanayin, masu bincike sun fara neman sababbin hanyoyin magani. A matsayin neuropeptide, Sema peptide yana aiki kai tsaye a kan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya kuma ba shi da wani aiki na hormonal, don haka ba zai haifar da mummunan tasirin kiwon lafiya ba. Wannan yana ba da sabbin dama don maganin farfaɗiya [2].
Jiyya na ischemic bugun jini:
Ischemic bugun jini cuta ce mai tsanani, kuma saboda yawan abin da ya faru da kuma yawan nakasa, koyaushe ya kasance abin da ake mayar da hankali ga binciken likita. Sema peptide, saboda tasirin neuroprotective da immunomodulatory, ana amfani dashi don maganin bugun jini na ischemic. Nazarin ya nuna cewa Sema na iya hana maganganun kwayoyin halitta masu kumburi da kunna maganganun kwayoyin halitta na neurotransmitter, don haka yana haifar da tasirin neuroprotective a matakan rubutu da furotin [3, 4].
Sabuwar alkibla don maganin damuwa:
Zaɓaɓɓen masu hana masu hana sake dawo da serotonin (SSRI) ana amfani da su da yawa don maganin ɓacin rai yayin daukar ciki, amma SSRIs na iya haye mahaifa kuma suna iya shafar maturation na kwakwalwar tayin. A matsayin analog na roba na ACTH (4-10), Sema yana da ayyukan nootropic na zahiri da neuroprotective. Bincike ya gano cewa Sema na iya rage sauye-sauyen dabi'a da neurochemical a cikin berayen da ke haifar da farkon bayyanar cutar fluvoxamine, yana ba da sabon ra'ayi don maganin ɓacin rai [5].
Amfanin abubuwan peptide:
Sema wani abu ne na peptide na roba tare da tsarin aiki na musamman. Yana iya aiki kai tsaye a kan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, ya haɗa wasu sunadaran a cikin kwakwalwa, kuma yana haifar da tasirin antioxidant. Misali, a cikin nau'in bera na farfadiya, Sema peptide na iya rage matakin MDA kuma ya hada sunadaran sunadarai guda uku waɗanda ba a haɗa su cikin berayen farfaɗiya [2].
A matsayin peptide na yau da kullun, tarihin bincike na Sema na iya komawa baya da dadewa. Nazarin ya nuna cewa Sema yana da buƙatun aikace-aikacen a cikin rikice-rikice na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, rage ƙimar aikin tunani, da ciwon bayan-COVID, ban da cututtukan somatoform da psychosomatic [6].
Binciken canje-canje a cikin matakin pJNK da pCREB sunadaran a lokacin ischemia da magani na Sema a cikin tsarin subcortical da frontoparietal cortex na berayen a 24 h bayan tMCAO.
Source:PubMed [4]
Ta yaya tsarin aikin Sema wajen magance farfadiya ke shafar aikin kwakwalwa musamman?
Antioxidant sakamako
Sema yana da kaddarorin antioxidant. Farfaɗo yakan haifar da karuwa a cikin damuwa na oxidative a cikin kwakwalwa, kuma Sema na iya rage lalacewar kwakwalwa da damuwa na oxidative. Danniya na Oxidative zai haifar da nau'in oxygen mai wuce gona da iri, kamar malondialdehyde (MDA). Nazarin ya nuna cewa Sema na iya rage matakin MDA a cikin kwakwalwar berayen farfadiya har zuwa 40.46% [2] . Ta hanyar rage matakin MDA, Sema zai iya rage lalacewar danniya na oxidative zuwa neurons, don haka kare aikin kwakwalwa.
Haɗin sunadaran kwakwalwa
Sema na iya haɗa wasu sunadaran a cikin kwakwalwa. A cikin nazarin berayen farfadiya, bayan jiyya tare da Sema, sunadaran sunadaran guda uku waɗanda ba a haɗa su a cikin berayen na farfaɗo ba. Nauyin kwayoyin waɗannan sunadaran sune 93.54kDa, 66.76kDa, da 59.66kDa [2] . Za su iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye aikin kwakwalwa na yau da kullun da kuma gyara ɓangarorin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Tasiri kan hanyar sadarwa na neuron na kwakwalwa
Ta hanyar huta-jihar aikin aikin maganadisu maganadisu (hutawa-jihar FMRI), an gano cewa Sema yana da tasiri a kan hanyar sadarwa ta kwakwalwa. A cikin nazarin masu aikin sa kai masu lafiya, idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar kulawa, an gano babban adadin rostral (tsakiyar tsaka-tsaki na tsakiya) na ɓangaren hanyar sadarwa na tsoho a cikin ƙungiyar Sema [7] . Wannan yana nuna cewa Sema na iya inganta aikin kwakwalwa ta hanyar daidaita haɗin kai da ayyukan cibiyar sadarwar kwakwalwa.
Lokacin da aka yi wa Sema allurar yau da kullun a cikin berayen da ke kamuwa da cutar audiogenic daga ranar 7 zuwa 11th na rayuwa, an gano cewa yanayin kamawar berayen sun canza lokacin da suke da wata 1, kuma duka kwayoyi na iya haɓaka neurogenesis a cikin gyrus haƙora na hippocampal. Neurogenesis na iya zama alaƙa da ilmantarwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da ayyukan gyara na kwakwalwa, kuma Sema na iya inganta aikin kwakwalwa ta hanyar inganta neurogenesis.
Lokacin da aka yi wa Sema allurar cikin nau'ikan linzamin kwamfuta guda biyar na jarirai (daga ranar 2 zuwa ranar 7 ta rayuwa), hakan ya rage yawan kamuwa da jijjiga kawai a cikin berayen DBA/2J mai wata 1 [8] . Wannan kuma yana nuna cewa Sema na iya shafar aikin kwakwalwa ta wasu hanyoyin da kuma rage saurin kamuwa da cutar farfadiya.
Rashin aikin hormonal
Sema ne neuropeptide wanda ke aiki kai tsaye a kan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya kuma ba shi da wani aikin hormonal, don haka ba zai haifar da mummunan tasirin kiwon lafiya ba (Puspita R, 2018). Wannan yana ba Sema wasu fa'idodi a cikin maganin farfaɗo, yana guje wa yiwuwar illar magungunan rigakafin cututtukan gargajiya.
Menene takamaiman hanyar da Sema ke sarrafa aikin rigakafi?
Haɓaka hanyoyin sigina masu alaƙa da rigakafi:
Sema na iya haɓaka hanyar siginar gabatarwar antigen. Gabatarwar Antigen shine babban tsari don tsarin rigakafi don ganewa da sarrafa antigens na kasashen waje. Ta hanyar haɓaka wannan hanyar siginar, Sema na iya inganta ganewa da amsawar tsarin rigakafi ga abubuwa na waje kamar ƙwayoyin cuta [1] . Bugu da ƙari, Sema kuma zai iya ƙarfafa tasirin ischemia akan hanyar siginar interferon. Interferon yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaitawa a cikin amsawar rigakafi, gami da antiviral, antitumor, da daidaita ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Ƙarfafa hanyar siginar interferon ta hanyar Sema yana taimakawa haɓaka aikin gaba ɗaya na tsarin rigakafi [1].
Tasirin tsarin haɗin gwiwar immunoglobulin:
Sema yana ƙaruwa da bayyana kwayoyin halittar da ke ɓoye manyan sarƙoƙi na immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rigakafi na ban dariya kuma suna iya ɗaure musamman ga antigens, don haka kawar da abubuwa na waje kamar ƙwayoyin cuta. Sema yana haɓaka kira na immunoglobulins, wanda ke taimakawa haɓaka aikin rigakafi na jiki [1].
Gudanar da ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi:
Sema yana da babban tasiri akan kwayoyin halittar da ke ɓoye cytokines, martanin damuwa, da sunadaran ribosomal. Cytokines suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin immunomodulation kuma suna iya daidaita haɓakawa, bambance-bambance, da ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Sema yana sarrafa ayyukan ƙwayoyin rigakafi ta hanyar rinjayar maganganun waɗannan kwayoyin halitta, ta haka ne ke daidaita aikin rigakafi [1].
Menene aikace-aikacen Seamx?
Maganin farfadiya
Tasiri kan neurons:
Farfaɗo cuta ce ta rashin aikin kwakwalwa wanda ke da ƙarancin ɓarnawar jijiyoyi. Sema peptide ne neuropeptide wanda ke aiki kai tsaye a kan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya kuma baya dauke da aikin hormonal, don haka ba zai yi mummunan tasiri ga lafiya ba. Sema na iya rage matakin MDA a cikin kwakwalwar berayen farfadiya. MDA alama ce ta lipid peroxidation, kuma manyan matakan MDA suna da alaƙa da damuwa na oxidative da lalacewar tantanin halitta. Sema na iya rage matakin MDA a cikin kwakwalwar berayen farfadiya har zuwa 40.46% [9].
Haɗin sunadarai:
Sema kuma na iya hada wasu sunadaran a cikin kwakwalwar berayen farfadiya. Nazarin ya gano cewa Sema na iya haɗa sunadaran guda uku waɗanda ba a samo asali ba a cikin kwakwalwar berayen epileptic, kuma ma'aunin kwayoyin halittar waɗannan sunadaran sune 93.54 kDa, 66.76 kDa, da 59.66 kDa bi da bi [9].
Maganin bugun jini na ischemic
Inganta rubutun neurotrophin:
Sema (MET-GLU - amino acid - phenylalanine - proline - glycine - proline) peptide wani nau'i ne na melanocortin na roba wanda ake amfani dashi don maganin bugun jini na ischemic. Nazarin ya nuna cewa Sema na iya haɓaka rubutun neurotrophins da masu karɓar su da kuma daidaita maganganun kwayoyin da ke cikin amsawar rigakafi. Binciken jeri na RNA gabaɗaya ya nuna cewa a cikin ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta tsakiya ta tsakiya (tMCAO) a cikin berayen, Sema yana hana bayyanar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana kunna bayyanar cututtukan neurotransmitter [4].
Sarrafa bayanin mabuɗin sunadaran:
Sa'o'i 24 bayan tMCAO, an lura da haɓakar CREB mai aiki a cikin sifofin subcortical, ciki har da mayar da hankali ga raunin ischemic; MMP - 9 da c - fos an rage su a cikin cortex na gaba na gaba; ƙarƙashin aikin Sema, JNK mai aiki shima an rage shi a cikin waɗannan kyallen takarda guda biyu. Hanawa da dawo da kunnawa a cikin hanyoyin kumburi da mutuwar tantanin halitta na iya ba da gudummawa ga tasirin neuroprotective na Sema a matakan rubutu da furotin [4].
Sauke matsananciyar damuwa
Rage zafi:
A cikin samfurin damuwa mai tsanani, Sema yana da wani tasiri akan hali da jin zafi na berayen. A cikin damuwa na girgiza ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar da ba za a iya tserewa ba da kuma tilasta tsarin motsa jiki na ruwa mai sanyi, duka Sema da antagonist na opioid antagonist naloxone na iya rage yawan analgesia da ke haifar da damuwa (SIA) a cikin ƙirar girgiza ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar da ba za ta iya tserewa ba, amma kada ku shafi bakin kofa na zafi a cikin tsarin tilasta ruwan sanyi mai yin iyo [10].
Babu tasiri akan canje-canjen ɗabi'a:
Dukansu Sema da naloxone ba su shafar halayen berayen a cikin manyan matsalolin damuwa na sama [10].
Inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da hankali:
Sema na iya tayar da ƙwaƙwalwar aiki da hankalin dabbobin gwaji da mutane, ƙara juriya ga hypoxia, da inganta yanayin jini na cerebral. Sema yana inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da hankali na mutane masu lafiya a ƙarƙashin matsanancin yanayin aiki. Bugu da ƙari, a halin yanzu an yi nasarar amfani da Sema don magance marasa lafiya da cututtuka daban-daban na tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan peptide yana nuna tasiri mai kyau ba tare da haifar da mummunan sakamako ba ko rikitarwa masu dangantaka da gudanarwa [11].
A ƙarshe, a matsayin fili na peptide na roba, Sema yana nuna tasiri mai mahimmanci a cikin sassan epilepsy, bugun jini na ischemic, matsananciyar damuwa, da kuma rashin fahimta ta hanyar hanyoyi masu yawa irin su daidaita maganganun neurotrophins (irin su BDNF) da masu karɓar su (TrkB), yana hana amsawar kumburi, tsayayya da damuwa na oxidative. Hakanan zai iya inganta farfadowar aikin jijiya, rage lalacewar kwakwalwa, da haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwa da hankali.
Game da Marubuci
Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama duk bincike ne, gyara su kuma Cocer Peptides ne suka haɗa su.
Mawallafin Jaridar Kimiyya
Sudarkina OY mai bincike ne mai alaƙa da Cibiyar Bincike ta Ƙasa - Cibiyar Kurchatov da Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Rasha. Bukatun bincikenta sun mamaye fannonin kimiyya da yawa, gami da Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Genetics & Herdity, da Chemistry. Ta ba da gudummawa sosai a fannonin Biotechnology, Kiwowar Kwayoyin Halitta, da Ciwon Tsirrai. Ayyukanta sun haɗa da nazarin hanyoyin kwayoyin halitta, hulɗar kwayoyin halitta, da hanyoyin nazarin halittu waɗanda ke haifar da al'amuran halitta daban-daban. Ta hanyar bincikenta, tana nufin haɓaka fahimtarmu game da waɗannan hadaddun tsarin da haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin magance aikace-aikace masu amfani a aikin gona, likitanci, da sauran masana'antu. An jera Sudarkina OY a cikin ambaton ambaton [4].
