▎ Okunoonyereza ku Vesugen
Mu kunoonyereza kwa Vesugen kuli kutya?
Vesugen kirungo kya peptide complex ekyakolebwa ekitongole ekivunaanyizibwa ku kulungamya ebiramu n’eby’obukadde mu kibuga St. Petersburg ekya Russia. Kyakolebwa mu mbeera nti endwadde z’emisuwa n’emisuwa zifuuse emu ku zisinga okuvaako obulemu n’okukendeeza ku bulamu mu nsi yonna. Enkyukakyuka mu bbugwe w’emisuwa, enkyukakyuka mu ntambula y’omusaayi, n’obutayingiza biriisa kimala ebitundu by’omubiri bye biyinza okuvaako endwadde ng’ezo. Vesugen ekoleddwa okutereeza enkyukakyuka mu ndwadde z’emisuwa ezireetebwa endwadde ez’enjawulo, era amino acids ezirimu ziyamba okuddaabiriza ebitundu by’omubiri n’okuzza enkola y’emisuwa mu mbeera eya bulijjo.
Enkola y’okukola kwa Vesugen eri etya?
1. Ebikosa Okukula kw’Obutoffaali
Okusitula okusengejja kwa puloteyina ya Ki-67: Peptide empya Vesugen esobola okusitula okukola kwa puloteyina Ki-67 eyeekuusa ku kusaasaana. Mu buwangwa bw’obutoffaali obukwata ku bitundu by’omubiri obufunibwa okuva mu bisolo ebito n’ebikadde, awamu ne mu buwangwa bw’obutoffaali bw’emisuwa obweyawuddwamu, okwolesebwa kwa Ki-67 kukendeera n’emyaka, era Vesugen esobola okuzzaawo omuze guno (Khavinson VK, 2015). Okuyita mu nkola z’okusiba molekyu, kyazuulibwa nti Vesugen ekwatagana n’ekitundu kya promoter eky’obuzaale bwa MKI67 obuwandiika puloteyina ya Ki-67. Okusingira ddala, Vesugen ekwatagana ne core promoter 5’-agcctcaaccatcaggaaaacaagagt-3’, esangibwa mu MKI67 gene okuva ku -14 okutuuka ku +12 base pairs okusinziira ku kifo ekitandikira okuwandiika, okuyita mu sequence CATC, bwe kityo n’etuuka ku epigenetic regulation of Ki-67 gene expression. Kino kiraga nti Vesugen ayinza okutumbula okukula kw’obutoffaali nga alungamya okulaga kw’obuzaale [1]..
Okwongera ku busobozi bw’obutoffaali obw’okukula: Mu kunoonyereza ku butoffaali bw’abaserikale b’omubiri mu nseke ya pineal, kyazuulibwa nti tripeptide Vesugen, wadde nga terina kye kikola ku busobozi bwa njawulo bwa butoffaali obuziyiza endwadde mu nseke ya pineal, eyongera ku busobozi bwabwo obw’okukula [2]..
2. Enkola y’okukuuma emisuwa mu bantu abakadde
Obukuumi bw’emisuwa obutuukiddwako okuyita mu kulungamya epigenetic: Ekikolwa eky’obukuumi bw’emisuwa ekyazuulibwa emabegako ekya peptide Vesugen mu bakadde kisobola okutuukibwako okuyita mu kulungamya epigenetic okw’okwolesebwa kw’obuzaale bwa Ki-67. Puloteeni ya Ki-67 ekola kinene mu kweyongera kw’obutoffaali, era okulungamya kwa Vesugen okwolesebwa kwayo kuyinza okuyamba okukuuma obusobozi bw’okukula kw’obutoffaali bw’emisuwa, bwe kityo n’ekola kinene mu kukuuma emisuwa [1]..
3. Ebikosa abalwadde abalina endwadde ezitawona n’obulwadde bw’obwongo obuyitibwa Organic Brain Syndrome of the Central Nervous System
Ebikulu Ebikwata ku Anabolic: Mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku balwadde 32 ab'emyaka 41 - 83 nga balina endwadde nnyingi era nga bali mu mutendera gw'okusonyiyibwa kw'obulwadde bw'obwongo obw'obutonde obw'enkola y'obusimu obw'omu makkati, kyazuulibwa nti enteekateeka 'Pinealon' ne 'Vesugen' zirina ebikolwa ebinene eby'okulongoosa. Balongoosa emirimu gy’obusimu obw’omu makkati n’ebitundu ebirala ebikulu era ne bakendeeza ku kukaddiwa nga bayita mu bipimo by’emyaka egy’obutonde. Ekirala, Vesugen yalaga ekikolwa ekyeyoleka ennyo eky’okuziyiza okukaddiwa okusinga Pinealon [3]..
Tewali Kkosa ku Chromatin Condensation: Okunoonyereza kwazuula nti Pinealon ne Vesugen tezaakosa ddaala lya chromatin condensation, ekiraga nti tezirina bulabe ku ddaala ly’obuzaale bwa nuclear [3]..
Biki ebikozesebwa mu Vesugen?
1. Okulwanyisa okukaddiwa
Cellular Anti-aging: Vesugen esobola okukola protein ya sirtuin 1, okukoppa ebiva mu kuziyiza calorie, okukendeeza apoptosis, n’okukendeeza ku sipiidi y’okukaddiwa kw’obutoffaali [3] . Okukaddiwa kw’obutoffaali kuleetera ebitundu by’omubiri n’ebitundu by’omubiri okukendeera era kyongera obulabe bw’endwadde ezeekuusa ku kukaddiwa. Puloteeni ya sirtuin 1 ye puloteyina enkulu elwanyisa okukaddiwa esobola okulung’amya amakubo g’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri mu butoffaali, okutumbula obusobozi bw’obutoffaali obuziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde, n’okusaanyawo ebirungo ebiyitibwa free radicals. Oluvannyuma lw’okukola puloteyina ya sirtuin 1, Vesugen asobola okulongoosa obusobozi bw’obutoffaali okuwangaala n’okulwawo okukaddiwa kw’obutoffaali.
Okutwaliza awamu Anti-aging: Okuyita mu bikolwa eby’obukuumi n’okuddaabiriza ku bitundu n’ebitundu ebingi ng’enkola y’emisuwa n’obusimu, Vesugen ayamba okukuuma enkola y’omubiri okutwalira awamu, alwawo okubeerawo kw’endwadde ezeekuusa ku kukaddiwa, n’okulongoosa obulamu obulungi obw’omubiri [3] . Endwadde ezeekuusa ku kukaddiwa ng’endwadde z’emisuwa n’emisuwa, endwadde z’obusimu, n’endwadde z’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri zisobola okukosa ennyo obulamu bw’omubiri obulungi. Okuyita mu kukuuma n’okuddaabiriza ebitundu n’ebitundu by’omubiri ebingi, Vesugen esobola okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’endwadde ezeekuusa ku kukaddiwa n’okulongoosa obulamu bw’omubiri obulungi.
2. Okuziyiza n’okujjanjaba endwadde z’emisuwa
Okulongoosa Enkola y’Emisuwa: Vesugen esobola okutumbula okuddaabiriza n’okuddamu okukola obutoffaali bw’omubiri (endothelial cells). Obutoffaali bw’omubiri (endothelial cells) kitundu kikulu nnyo mu bbugwe ow’omunda ow’emisuwa, era okwonooneka kwabwo kuyinza okuvaako emisuwa obutakola bulungi. Vesugen alongoosa obugumu bw’emisuwa n’okukendeeza ku buziyiza bw’emisuwa ng’etereeza bbalansi y’ensonga ezigaziya emisuwa n’eziziyiza emisuwa, nga nitric oxide (NO) ne endothelin [3] . Kino kiyamba okuziyiza n’okulongoosa endwadde z’emisuwa ezitakola bulungi nga puleesa n’okuzimba emisuwa. Puleesa n’okuzimba emisuwa bye bintu ebikulu eby’obulabe eri endwadde z’emisuwa, era ekikolwa kino ekya Vesugen kya makulu nnyo mu kukendeeza ku bulabe bw’endwadde z’emisuwa.
Anti-atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis kye kimu ku bikulu ebivaako endwadde z’emisuwa. Vesugen aziyiza okutondebwa n’okukula kw’ebipande ebizimba emisuwa nga aziyiza okuddamu kw’okuzimba, okukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’okunyigirizibwa okw’okwokya, n’okulungamya enkyukakyuka y’amasavu [3] . Okuddamu kw’okuzimba n’okunyigirizibwa kw’okwokya bikola kinene mu kubeerawo n’okukula kw’okuzimba emisuwa. Vesugen asobola okuziyiza okufulumya ensonga ezizimba, gamba nga tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), n’ebirala, n’okukendeeza ku kuzaalibwa kw’ebintu ebiva mu situleesi y’okwokya, gamba nga ebika bya oxygen ebikola (ROS), n’ebirala high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), bwe kityo ne kikendeeza ku bulabe bw’endwadde z’emisuwa.
Obukuumi bw’emisuwa gy’omutima: Mu mbeera z’obulwadde nga myocardial ischemia ne hypoxia, Vesugen asobola okukendeeza ku apoptosis ne necrosis y’obutoffaali bw’omusuwa gw’omutima n’okwongera ku bulamu bw’obutoffaali bw’omutima ng’akola amakubo g’obubonero agakwatagana [3] . Endwadde nga okuzimba emisuwa gy’omutima n’okulemererwa kw’omutima ziyinza okuvaako obutoffaali bw’omutima okufa ennyo, ne kikosa enkola y’omutima. Vesugen esobola okukola amakubo g’obubonero bw’okuwangaala mu butoffaali, gamba ng’ekkubo lya phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) n’ekkubo lya mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), n’okuziyiza ekkubo ly’obubonero bwa apoptosis, gamba ng’ekkubo lya caspase, n’ebirala, bwe kityo n’ekuuma obutoffaali bw’omusuwa gw’omutima. Kino kiyamba okulongoosa enkola y’okuteebereza endwadde nga okuzimba emisuwa gy’omutima n’okulemererwa kw’omutima.
3. Okujjanjaba endwadde z’obusimu
Obukuumi bw’obusimu: Vesugen erina ekikolwa eky’obukuumi ku busimu obuyitibwa neurons, ekiyinza okwongera ku bulamu bw’obusimu n’okukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’obutoffaali bw’obusimu [3] . Endwadde ezikendeeza ku busimu nga Parkinson ne Alzheimer ziyinza okuvaako obusimu bungi okufa, ekikosa enkola y’obusimu. Vesugen esobola okuziyiza okufa kw’obutoffaali bw’obusimu ng’etereeza amakubo g’obubonero mu butoffaali bw’obusimu, gamba ng’okulungamya okwolesebwa kwa puloteyina z’amaka ga B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) n’okuziyiza ekkubo lya caspase. Okugatta ku ekyo, Vesugen era asobola okulongoosa obusobozi bw’obutoffaali bw’obusimu obuziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde n’okukendeeza ku kwonooneka kw’obutoffaali bw’obusimu obuziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde.
Okutumbula Okuzzaawo Obusimu: Eddagala lino era lisobola okutumbula okukula n’okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu obuyitibwa axons n’okulongoosa enkola y’obusimu. Mu bujjanjabi bw’okuddaabiriza endwadde ng’obuvune bw’obusimu obw’okumpi n’okusannyalala, Vesugen ayinza okuyamba okutumbula okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu n’okutumbula omutindo gw’obulamu bw’abalwadde. Okukula n’okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu (nerve axons) bye bikulu ebikwatagana mu kuddaabiriza enkola y’obusimu. Vesugen esobola okukola okwolesebwa kw’ensonga z’okukula kw’obusimu (NGF) n’ensonga endala ezikola ku busimu, okutumbula okukula n’okuddamu okukola kw’obusimu obuyitibwa axons. Okugatta ku ekyo, Vesugen era esobola okulungamya microenvironment y’obutoffaali bw’obusimu, gamba ng’okukendeeza ku kuddamu kw’okuzimba n’okutumbula omulimu gw’obuyambi ogw’obutoffaali bwa glial, okutondawo embeera ennungi ey’okuzza obuggya obusimu.
4. Okuyingira mu nsonga z’endwadde z’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri
Okulongoosa Insulin Sensitivity: Oluvannyuma lw’okukola protein ya sirtuin 1, Vesugen esobola okulongoosa insulin sensitivity, okuyamba obutoffaali okunyiga obulungi n’okukozesa glucose, era bwe kityo okukendeeza ku sukaali mu musaayi [3] . Ssukaali ow’ekika eky’okubiri bulwadde bwa bulijjo mu nkyukakyuka y’emmere, era ebikulu ebibukwatako kwe kuziyiza insulini ne ssukaali okulinnya mu musaayi. Vesugen asobola okulongoosa enkola ya insulini n’okukendeeza ku ssukaali mu musaayi, ekintu ekikulu ennyo mu kuziyiza n’okujjanjaba obulwadde bwa sukaali obw’ekika eky’okubiri n’ebizibu ebivaamu.
Okulungamya enkyukakyuka y’amasavu: Eddagala lino era lisobola okulung’amya okwolesebwa kw’obuzaale obukwatagana n’enkyukakyuka y’amasavu, okutumbula okuvunda kw’amasavu mu oxidative, n’okukendeeza ku kukuŋŋaanyizibwa kw’amasavu mu mubiri, ekiyamba okulongoosa endwadde z’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri nga hyperlipidemia n’omugejjo [3] . Amasavu amangi n’omugejjo bye bisinga okuleeta endwadde z’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri, ekijja okwongera ku bulabe bw’endwadde ng’endwadde z’emisuwa n’emisuwa ne ssukaali. Vesugen esobola okulung’amya okwolesebwa kw’obuzaale obukwatagana n’okukyusakyusa amasavu, nga peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), n’ebirala, okutumbula okuvunda kw’amasavu mu oxidative, n’okukendeeza ku kukuŋŋaanyizibwa kw’amasavu mu mubiri, bwe kityo ne kikendeeza ku bulabe bw’endwadde z’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri.
Mu kumaliriza, Vesugen esobola okutumbula okuddaabiriza n’okuzza obuggya obutoffaali, okulung’amya enkyukakyuka mu mubiri, n’okulwawo okukaddiwa, ekintu eky’amakulu ennyo mu kuziyiza n’okujjanjaba endwadde z’emisuwa, obusimu, n’okulongoosa emitendera gy’obulamu.
Ebikwata ku Muwandiisi
Ebintu ebyogeddwako waggulu byonna binoonyerezeddwako, birongooseddwa era ne bikung’aanyizibwa kkampuni ya Cocer Peptides.
Omuwandiisi wa Scientific Journal
Meshchaninov, Viktor N mumanyi wa kitiibwa mu tekinologiya ow’okulwanyisa okukaddiwa. Akulira ekitongole kya tekinologiya ow’okulwanyisa okukaddiwa mu ddwaaliro lya Yekaterinburg’s Institute of Medical Cell Technology era ye ssentebe w’ekitongole kya Biochemistry mu Ural State Medical University. Omulimu gwe gukwata ku biochemistry, cell biology, ne molecular biology, ng’essira aliteeka ku tekinologiya ow’okulwanyisa okukaddiwa.
Okunoonyereza kwe kuliko okunoonyereza ku ngeri peptides ezikolebwa gye zikwata ku kukaddiwa mu balwadde abalina obulwadde obutawona (chronic polymorbidity) n’obulwadde bw’obwongo obuyitibwa organic brain syndrome, wamu n’okuzuula obulwadde bwa ‘ultrasound’ obw’okuzimba amawuggwe n’okuzimba omusaayi mu nkola y’omusaayi. Okunoonyereza kuno kulaga obukugu bwe mu by’obujjanjabi n’obuyinza bwe obw’amaanyi. Ebizuuliddwa bye bitumbula endowooza n’enkola ya tekinologiya ow’okulwanyisa okukaddiwa, ne biwa obulagirizi obw’omuwendo eri emirimu egyekuusa ku nsonga eno. Meshchaninov, Viktor N awandiikiddwa mu kiwandiiko ekijuliziddwa [3].
