▎ Nnyocha Livagen
Kedu ihe ndabere nyocha nke Livagen?
The Free Radical Theory of Aging: N'afọ ndị 1950, Harman tụpụtara echiche nke ịka nká n'efu, na-atụ aro na radicals na-emepụta n'oge metabolism cell ga-awakpo biomolecules, na-eduga na mmebi cell na ịka nká. Ozizi a nyere usoro ihe ndabere maka nyocha nke ihe mgbochi ịka nká ma kpalie ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ịchọ ihe ndị nwere ike ịbọ ọbọ free radicals ma ọ bụ welie ikike antioxidant nke mkpụrụ ndụ.
Nchọpụta nke ihe ndị Peptide: Site na nyocha miri emi na-aga n'ihu banyere bayoloji, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị achọpụtala na peptide bekee na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na akara cell, nhazi usoro metabolic, na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. Ụfọdụ ihe peptide nwere ọrụ dị ka antioxidant, mgbochi mkpali, na ịkwalite nrụzi cell, nke na-enye ntụziaka ọhụrụ maka ịmepụta ọgwụ ọhụrụ na-egbochi ịka nká.
Nnyocha na mmepe nke Livagen: megide ndabere a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Russia mepụtara Livagen dabere na nyocha ha na ihe peptide. Ha weputara iberibe peptide bioactive site na anụ ahụ anụmanụ wee nweta Livagen n'ikpeazụ mgbe usoro nyocha na njikarịcha. Nnyocha egosiwo na Livagen nwere ike ịhazi usoro metabolic nke mkpụrụ ndụ ma kwalite ikike antioxidant nke mkpụrụ ndụ, si otú ahụ na-egbu oge ịka nká cell.
Kedu ihe bụ usoro nke Livagen?
1. Mmetụta na Sistemụ Digestive
Na-achịkwa Ọrụ nke Enzymes Digestive: Nnyocha egosiwo na Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) bụ peptide na-adịghị ike hydrolyzable. The peptide hydrolases na obere eriri afọ enweghị ike hydrolyze Livagen ruo ntakịrị ntakịrị [1] . N'okpuru ọnọdụ vitro, Livagen nwere ike ibelata ọrụ glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase na obere eriri afọ site na 50%. Mgbe iji ọnụ na-elekọta Livagen na oke maka izu abụọ, ọrụ nke enzymes digestive na ụmụ anụmanụ na-eto eto na-ebelata, ebe nke anụ ọhịa ochie mụbara. Ọ dị mma ịkọ na n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ọrụ enzyme nke oke oke mgbe ọ natachara Livagen dị nso na ọkwa ụmụ anụmanụ na-achịkwa [1].
2. Mmetụta na Enkephalin Enzymes na-emebi emebi na Serum
Na-egbochi Enkephalin Degrading Enzymes: Mmetụta nke peptide bioregulators ọhụrụ Livagen na Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) na usoro opioid endogenous ka a mụrụ, karịsịa ikike ha nwere ịgbanwe ọrụ nke enkephalin na-emebi enzymes na serum ma soro ndị na-anabata opioid na-emekọrịta ihe na akụkụ anụ ahụ nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ. Achọpụtara ọrụ nke enkephalinase na vitro site na ịlele ọnụego hydrolysis nke ⊃3;H-Leu-enkephalin n'ihu nke peptides ule. Livagen na Epitalon gbochiri enkephalin na-emebi emebi n'ime ọbara mmadụ. E jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-egbochi peptidase a ma ama dị ka puromycin, leupeptin, na D-PAM, Livagen gosipụtara na ọ dị irè karị. Emebere usoro mgbochi mgbochi nke Livagen na Epitalon, yana ụkpụrụ IC₅₀ ha bụ 20 na 500 μM n'otu n'otu [2, 3].
3. Mmetụta nchebe na imeju
Dịka onye nnọchi anya Hepatoprotective Hepatoprotective: Iji ọtụtụ ọgwụ eme ihe na ndị agadi na-abụkarị ihe na-akpata dysfunction imeju. Ya mere, na mmụba nke afọ, ihe ize ndụ nke imeju fibrotic induration, nnukwu na-adịghị ala ala ịba ọcha n'anya na-abawanye. Nke a bụ ihe kpatara ịchọ ihe ọhụrụ, dị irè na nke na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. Ụfọdụ nnyocha egosila na ihe mejupụtara polypeptide imeju (Ventvil) na KEDA tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala, Livagen) nwere ihe mgbochi hepatoprotective, immunoprotective, na mgbochi ịka nká. Na anụmanụ na in vitro nnwale ụdị nke imeju pathology (imeju fibrotic induration, nnukwu na-adịghị ala ala ịba ọcha n'anya), Ventvil na KEDA peptide gosiri elu arụmọrụ. Ventvil na KEDA peptide nwere mmetụta na-agbanwe agbanwe - na-emezi ọnọdụ mgbochi na antioxidant na iweghachi ọrụ imeju n'oge ịba ọcha n'anya. Nnyocha e mere egosiwo na n'oge usoro ịka nká, achọpụtala mmetụta hepatoprotective na immunoprotective kachasị nke peptides [4].
4. Mmetụta na Chromatin nke Lymphocytes
Na-arụ ọrụ Chromatin nke Lymphocytes: mmetụta nke peptide synthetic Livagen na-arụ ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ribosomal, akụkụ nke heterochromatin denaturation, polymorphism nke structural C heterochromatin, na mgbanwe nke heterochromatin facultative na lymphocytes nke ndị agadi mụrụ. Livagen kpalitere mmalite nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ribosomal, depolymerization nke heterochromatin mejupụtara gburugburu centromere, na ntọhapụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-egbochi n'ihi nchikota nke mpaghara euchromatin metụtara afọ na chromosomes. Nsonaazụ gosiri na Livagen butere deheterochromatization (ọrụ) nke chromatin na chromosomes nke ndị agadi, nke e nwetara site n'ịgbanwe heterochromatin na mpaghara heterochromatinized na chromosomes [5]..
Kedu ihe bụ ngwa nke Livagen?
Nnyocha gbasara ịka nká nke cellular
Livagen nwere ike imetụta ọrụ nke isi enzymes na-etinye aka na nrụzi cell ma ọ bụ ụzọ nzaghachi nrụgide. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ na-emekọrịta ihe na ndị na-ahụ maka epigenetic ma na-emetụta mgbanwe nke usoro chromatin na usoro okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, si otú a na-achịkwa usoro ịka nká cellular. Mmebi oxidative na-agbakọta ka oge na-aga ma na-eduga n'ịrụ ọrụ ịka nká nke cellular. Mmetụta nke Livagen na ụzọ nrụgide oxidative bụ otu n'ime ebe nyocha, ọ nwere ike igbu oge ịka nká site na ịhazi ụzọ ndị dị mkpa.
Mmetụta na ọrịa imeju
Site na mmụba nke afọ, iji ọtụtụ ọgwụ eme ihe site n'aka ndị agadi na-ebutekarị ọrụ imeju, si otú ahụ na-abawanye ihe ize ndụ nke fibrosis imeju, nnukwu ịba ọcha n'anya na-adịghị ala ala. N'ọnọdụ a, ọ dị oke mkpa ịchọta ihe ọhụrụ, dị irè na nke na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ egosila na ihe mejupụtara polypeptide imeju (Ventvil) na KEDA tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala, ya bụ Livagen) nwere ihe mgbochi hepatoprotective, immunoprotective, na mgbochi ịka nká. Na ụdị nnwale anụmanụ nke ọrịa imeju (imeju fibrosis, ịba ọcha n'anya na-adịghị ala ala) na nnwale in vitro, Ventvil na KEDA peptide gosipụtara arụmọrụ dị elu. Ventvil na KEDA peptide nwere mmetụta synergistic, nke nwere ike normalize mgbochi ahụ na ọnọdụ antioxidant ma weghachite ọrụ imeju n'oge ịba ọcha n'anya. Ọzọkwa, n'oge usoro ịka nká, mmetụta hepatoprotective na immunoprotective nke peptides ndị a ruru oke ha [4]..
Mmetụta na Genomic Parameters nke Ndị Ọrịa Cancer
Achọpụtara na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ara ara ductal bụ nnukwu njupụta nke nkwụsịtụ DNA nke otu eriri, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke chromosomal abnormalities, yana mmụba nke chromatin condensation. Iji oligopeptide bioregulator Livagen na cobalt ion dị ka ndị na-emezigharị nwere mmetụta nchebe na omenala lymphocyte nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ara ara ductal, nke nwere ike ime ka usoro ọmụmụ niile dị mma. Nke a na-egosi na site n'ọmụmụ nke lymphocytes nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ara ara ductal, enwere ike nyochaa mmetụta ọgwụgwọ nke ọgwụgwọ ndị ọrịa ara ara [6]..
Mmetụta na Lymphocytes nke ndị ọrịa nwere hypertrophic cardiomyopathy na ndị ikwu ha.
A na-amụ mmetụta nke peptide bioregulator Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) naanị yana jikọtara ya na cobalt ion na ọrụ nke mpaghara nhazi nke nucleolar (NORs) na ugboro ole njikọ nke chromosomes acrocentric na lymphocytes nke ndị ọrịa nwere hypertrophic cardiomyopathy na ndị ikwu ha. Nsonaazụ gosiri na njikọta nke Livagen na cobalt ion mụbara ugboro ole NOR nwere nnukwu akara nke 2 na ndị ọrịa na ndị ikwu ha. Ogige ndị a nwekwara mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọrụ mkpakọrịta nke chromosomes acrocentric, gosipụtara dị ka mmụba dị nkọ na ndeksi a na otu ọmụmụ abụọ.
N'okwu a, omume Livagen na cobalt ion dị irè karị. Ebe ọ bụ na ọrụ nke NOR na ugboro nke mkpakọrịta nke acrocentric chromosomes na-adabere na condensation àgwà nke stalks nke acrocentric chromosomes, e nwere ike kwubiri na Livagen na cobalt ion nwere mmetụta na lymphocytes nke ndị ọrịa nwere hypertrophic cardiomyopathy na ndị ikwu ha, na-eme ka decondensation nke heterochromatinized chromatinized. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ ọnọdụ maka ntọhapụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-adịghị arụ ọrụ n'oge usoro condensation na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-amụ ihe. Ihe omuma a na-enye ozi ohuru banyere ihe nchebe nke Livagen na Livagen + cobalt ion na lymphocytes nke ndị ọrịa nwere hypertrophic cardiomyopathy na ndị ikwu ha ma nwee ike inye aka na mmepe nke usoro ọgwụgwọ [7]..
Mmetụta na Enkephalin Enzymes na-emebi emebi na Serum
A mụrụ mmetụta nke peptide bioregulators ọhụrụ Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) na Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) na sistemụ opioid endogenous, ọkachasị ikike ha nwere ịgbanwe ọrụ nke enkephalin na-emebi enzymes na serum ma soro ndị na-anabata opioid na-emekọrịta ihe na akụkụ ahụ nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ. Nnwale in vitro kpebiri ọrụ nke enkephalinase site n'ịtụ ọnụego hydrolysis nke ⊃3;H-Leu-enkephalin n'ihu Livagen na Epitalon. Nsonaazụ gosiri na Livagen na Epitalon gbochiri enkephalin na-emebi enzymes na serum mmadụ. Livagen dị irè karịa ụfọdụ ihe mgbochi peptidase a ma ama dị ka puromycin, leupeptin, na D-PAM. Akpara mmetụta mgbochi dose nke Livagen na Epitalon, yana ụkpụrụ IC₅₀ ha bụ 20 na 500 μM n'otu n'otu. A tụlere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti peptides na ndị na-anabata opioid site na iji usoro nnabata redioligand na [⊃3; H] [D-Ala⊃2;, D-Leu⁵] -enkephalin. Enweghị mmekọrịta ọ bụla a hụrụ n'etiti μ ma ọ bụ δ opioid ndị na-anabata ya na akụkụ akpụkpọ anụ nke ụbụrụ oke na ule peptides [2, 3].
N'ikpeazụ, site n'ịhazi okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ịkwalite njikọ protein, Livagen na-egosipụta mmetụta dị ịrịba ama na mgbochi ịka nká, immunomodulation, na nchebe ọrụ imeju. Ọ nwere ike ịhazi ọrụ nke enzymes digestive, na-egbochi enkephalin na-emebi emebi, na igbu oge ịka nká site na ime ka enzymes ndị dị mkpa rụọ ọrụ ma na-emetụta ụzọ nrụgide oxidative. Na mgbakwunye, Livagen na-emekwa ka ọrụ mgbochi ọrịa na ọnọdụ antioxidant dịkwuo mma site na mmetụta hepatoprotective ya ma na-akwalite mgbake nke ọrụ imeju na ọrịa ndị dị ka ịba ọcha n'anya. Ọ nwere uru ngwa ngwa na mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ndị metụtara ya ma na-enye ntụziaka nyocha ọhụrụ maka mgbochi ịka nká na nlekọta ahụike.
Banyere Onye dere ya
Ihe niile a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ Cocer Peptides na-enyocha, dezie ma chịkọta ya.
Onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị
Vladimir Khavinson bụ onye ama ama onye Russia na-ahụ maka mbara ala na prọfesọ mara maka nyocha ọsụ ụzọ ya na peptide bioregulators na ọrụ ha na-ebelata ịka nká na imeziwanye ahụike. Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi ụlọ ọrụ St. Nchoputa ya lekwasịrị anya na mmepe nke usoro ọgwụgwọ peptide na-eme ka ọrụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ dịkwuo elu, chebe nrụgide oxidative, ma kwalite ogologo ndụ. N'ime afọ iri anọ, o weputara ma mekwaa ọtụtụ ogige peptide, na-eduga na iwebata ọgwụ peptide isii na mgbakwunye nri peptide 64 n'ime omume ụlọ ọgwụ. Ọrụ Khavinson etinyela aka na ngalaba nke gerontology, ọkachasị n'ịghọta usoro ịka nká na imepe emepe iji melite ogo ndụ na ndị okenye.
Vladimir Khavinson bụ onye ama ama na ọkà mmụta banyere mbara ala Russia na prọfesọ, onye ama ama maka nyocha ya na-agbawa obi na ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ peptide na ọrụ ha na-ebelata ịka nká na ịkwalite ogologo ahụike. Ọ na-abụ onye nduzi na St. Nchọpụta ya gbadoro ụkwụ na mmepe nke usoro ọgwụgwọ peptide na-eme ka ọrụ ahụ dịkwuo elu, iguzogide nrụgide oxidative, na ịkwado ogologo ndụ. N'ime ihe karịrị afọ iri anọ nke nyocha, ọ weputara ma mejupụta ogige peptide dị iche iche, bụ nke kwalitere ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ nke ọgwụ peptide isii na mgbakwunye nri dabere na peptide 64. Ọrụ Khavinson enyela nnukwu onyinye na ngalaba nke gerontology, ọkachasị n'ịghọta usoro ịka nká na imepe emepe iji meziwanye ndụ ndị agadi. Edepụtara Vladimir Khavinson na ntụaka ntụaka [5].
