Na Cocer Peptides 
hashize iminsi 29
INGINGO ZOSE N'AMAKURU Y’IBICURUZWA BITANZWE KURI URU RUBUGA BISANZWE KUBONA AMAKURU N'INTEGO Z'UBUREZI.
Ibicuruzwa byatanzwe kururu rubuga bigenewe gusa mubushakashatsi bwa vitro. Mu bushakashatsi bwa vitro (Ikilatini: * mu kirahure *, bisobanura mu bikoresho by'ibirahure) bikorwa hanze y'umubiri w'umuntu. Ibicuruzwa ntabwo ari imiti, ntabwo byemewe n’ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge (FDA), kandi ntigomba gukoreshwa mu gukumira, kuvura, cyangwa gukiza indwara iyo ari yo yose y’ubuvuzi, indwara, cyangwa indwara. Birabujijwe rwose n'amategeko kwinjiza ibyo bicuruzwa mumubiri wabantu cyangwa inyamaswa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.
Ibiyobyabwenge bya peptide nibiyobyabwenge bya molekile gakondo byombi bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere ibiyobyabwenge no mubuvuzi, ariko biratandukanye ukurikije uburyo bwibikorwa nibikorwa biranga.
Igicapo 1 Kugereranya ivuriro rya cyclic peptide ivura na molekile ntoya ya kera na biologiya.
1. Uburyo bwibikorwa
Uburyo bwibikorwa byimiti ya peptide: Imiti ya peptide mubisanzwe igira ingaruka zayo muguhuza reseptor zihariye mumubiri. Bitewe nuburyo bwabo busa na peptide ya endogenous bioactive peptide, barashobora kumenya byumwihariko no guhuza ibyakiriwe neza, gukora cyangwa kubuza inzira zerekana ibimenyetso byifashishwa mu kugenzura imikorere yimikorere ya selile. Insuline ni umuti wa peptide usanzwe uhuza reseptor ya insuline hejuru yutugingo ngengabuzima, ugatangiza urukurikirane rw'ibikorwa byo kohereza ibimenyetso kugira ngo glucose ifate kandi ikoreshwe n'ingirabuzimafatizo, bityo igabanye urugero rwa glucose mu maraso.
Imiti imwe ya peptide irashobora kwigana imikorere ya peptide karemano. Nyuma yo guhambira ibyakirwa hejuru ya selile, bigenga imikorere ya selile nko gukwirakwizwa, gutandukanya, na apoptose, kandi bikoreshwa mukuvura indwara zitandukanye nka kanseri n'indwara z'umutima. Ibindi biyobyabwenge bya peptide birashobora gukora nka substrate cyangwa ibuza imisemburo, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya enzyme bityo bikagenga imikorere ya metabolike mumubiri.
Uburyo bwibikorwa byimiti gakondo ya molekile nto: Uburyo bwibikorwa byimiti gakondo ya molekile iratandukanye. Imiti myinshi ya molekile ntoya igira ingaruka zayo muguhuza intego za poroteyine, zishobora kuba enzymes, reseptors, imiyoboro ya ion, nibindi. Guhuza imiti mito-molekile ku ntego ubusanzwe bishingiye ku mbaraga zidasanzwe hagati ya hydrogène, ingufu za van der Waals, hamwe na ionic. Imiti imwe n'imwe ya molekile irashobora kwinjiza muri ADN ya kabiri ya helix, ikabangamira kwigana ADN no kwandukura abantu, kandi ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara nk'ibibyimba. Indi miti mito-ya molekile irashobora kugenga imiyoboro ya ion mubice bigize selile, bigira ingaruka kubikorwa bya electrophysiologique selile. Kurugero, imiti igabanya ubukana ikora kumiyoboro ya ion mumitsi yimitsi yumutima kugirango igabanye injyana yumutima.
2. Porogaramu
Gukoresha mu kuvura indwara - Imiti ya peptide: Imiti ya peptide yerekana ibyiza bidasanzwe mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye. Mu kuvura diyabete, usibye insuline, ibigereranyo bisa na peptide-1 (GLP-1) ni ikindi cyiciro cy'imiti ya peptide. Biteza imbere gusohora kwa insuline, bikabuza gusohora glucagon, kandi bigatinda gusohora gastric, bityo bikagabanya urugero rwa glucose yamaraso, hamwe nibyiza nko kuba ibyago bike bya hypoglycemia no kugenzura ibiro. Mu kuvura kanseri, peptide zimwe na zimwe za anticancer zirashobora guhuza na reseptor zihariye hejuru y’uturemangingo tw’ibibyimba, bigatera kanseri y'ibibyimba apoptose cyangwa ikabuza ikibyimba angiogenezi, bityo bikagera ku ntego yo guhagarika imikurire y’ibibyimba na metastasis. Mu kuvura indwara z'umutima-damura, imiti imwe n'imwe ya peptide irashobora kugenga imiterere y'amaraso no kubuza gukusanya platine, bigira uruhare runini mu gukumira no kuvura indwara z'umutima. Imiti ya peptide nayo ifite aho igarukira, nka bioavailable yo mu kanwa, mubisanzwe bisaba ubuyobozi binyuze munzira zitari umunwa nko gutera inshinge, ibyo bikaba bigabanya uburyo bworoshye bwumurwayi mukoresha imiti.
Porogaramu mu kuvura indwara - Imiti gakondo ya molekile nto: Imiti gakondo ya molekile ntoya ikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi, ikubiyemo ahantu hatandukanye. Mu rwego rwo kurwanya ubwandu, antibiotike nindi miti mito-ya molekile irashobora kubuza cyangwa kwica bagiteri, virusi, nizindi virusi, bikiza ubuzima butabarika. Mu kuvura indwara z'umutima-dameri, statine ibuza kugabanya HMG-CoA kugabanya kugabanya cholesterol, bityo bikarinda no kuvura indwara z'umutima. Mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe n’ubuvuzi bw’imitsi, imiti ya molekile ntoya nka antidepressants hamwe n’imiti igabanya ubukana irashobora kugenga urwego cyangwa imikorere ya neurotransmitter, bityo bikazamura ibimenyetso by’abarwayi. Ibyiza by'imiti mito-ya molekile harimo bioavailable yo mu kanwa igereranije, hamwe na hamwe itangwa mu kanwa, bigatuma abarwayi bubahiriza neza.
Inkomoko
[1] Ji X, Nielsen AL, Heinis C. Peptide Yumukino wo Guteza Imbere Ibiyobyabwenge [J]. Angewandte Chemie Edition Edition, 2023,63: e202308251.DOI: 10.1002 / anie.202308251.
[2] Rahman MA, Akter S, Dorotea D, n'abandi. Ubushobozi bwa Renoprotective bushobora kuba buto bwa molekile ntoya yibanda ku mikorere mibi ya mitochondial [J]. Imipaka muri Farumasi, 2022,13: 925993.DOI: 10.3389 / fphar.2022.925993.
