Thymogen - 20 mg

▎ Thymogen Ọdịdị

▎ Thymogen Nnyocha

Gịnị bụ ndabere nyocha nke Thymogen?

Kemgbe afọ 1960, akụkụ ndị bụ isi nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ anụmanụ-dị ka ụmị ọkpụkpụ, thymus, na splin—adọtala mmasị sayensị dị ukwuu n'ihi ikike ha nwere imepụta ogige bioactive nke na-emetụta ọrụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ ma na-ekwe nkwa ọgwụ. N'ime afọ 1960, ndị nchọpụta achọpụtala akụkụ dị n'ime acetone wepụ nke nwa ehi thymus na-egosipụta ọrụ dị mkpa nke ndụ nwere ike iweghachi nzaghachi mgbochi mgbochi na ụmụ oke. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ogige ndị yiri ya dị ka thymosin, thymopeptide, na T-activator pụtara, na-achọpụta ngwa ngwa na omume ahụike dị ka ọgbọ mbụ immunostimulants sara mbara.

Nnyocha miri emi sochirinụ na akụrụngwa thymosin 5 mere ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chọpụta homonụ peptide mbụ na-achịkwa ọrụ sistemu anụ ahụ nke anụ ahụ, gụnyere thymosin α1 (nwere ihe fọdụrụ amino acid 28), thymosin β4 (nwere ihe fọdụrụ 43), na thymosin beta (nwere ihe residu 49). N'ime nnyocha nyocha a, Thymogen pụtara. Thymogen bụ peptide dị mkpụmkpụ nke mejupụtara naanị amino acid abụọ (glutamic acid-tryptophan, Glu-Trp), yana ihe na-arụ ọrụ ya bụ nnu monosodium nke L-α-glutamine - L-tryptophan monosodium nnu, yiri ihe mejupụtara chromatographically dịpụrụ adịpụ na thymus wepụ. Ọdịdị molekụla ya pụrụ iche na ihe ndị nwere ike ime ihe na-eme ka nyocha sayensị na-aga n'ihu n'ime usoro ya na nhazi usoro mgbochi, nrụzi anụ ahụ, na ụzọ akara ekwentị, na-achọ iji nweta mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa dị iche iche.

Gịnị bụ usoro nke Thymogen?

Iwu mgbochi ọrịa:

Ịgbalite ndị na-anabata ihe mgbochi na ụzọ mgbaama: Nnyocha na-egosi na Thymogen na-eme ka ndị na-anabata TLR/RLR na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ha. Na omenala nke THP-1 monocyte leukemia mkpụrụ ndụ na ahụ ike na-enye onyinye ọbara, Thymogen na-akpali okwu nke endosomal TLR3 / 7/8/9 receptors, cytoplasmic sensọ RIG1 / MDA5, na ihe ịrịba ama NFκB1 na MAVS ^[1] . Nke a na-egosi na Thymogen na-emezi nzaghachi mgbochi ahụ nke anụ ahụ ma na-akwalite ikike nchebe nke ahụ site n'ịgbalite ndị nnabata ndị a dị oke egwu metụtara mgbochi yana ụzọ akara. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, NFκB1 na-ekere òkè na nzaghachi mkpali na nchịkwa nchịkwa; Mkpali Thymogen nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-egosi ya na-enyere aka ịmalite nzaghachi mgbochi dị mkpa iji chebe megide mwakpo nje.

Mgbanwe nke Cytokine Secretion: N'ime usoro omenala sel ndị e kwuru n'elu, Thymogen na-ebute nzuzo nke cytokines mkpali TNF-a na IL-1β. Cytokines na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na nkwurịta okwu na nhazi usoro na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ. TNF-a na IL-1β na-etinye aka n'ịmalite na ịmegharị nzaghachi mkpali. Ihe nzuzo ha na-abawanye na-egosi na Thymogen nwere ike iduzi mmeghachi omume mgbochi nke anụ ahụ maka nchebe pathogen site na ịhazi nzuzo nzuzo cytokine ^[1]..

Iwu nke nkwupụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa: Akụkụ nke Thymogen, dị ka EW dipeptide (ya bụ, Thymogen n'onwe ya), nwere ike gbanwee mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Ọ na-achịkwa njikọ nke protein na-atụ egwu okpomọkụ, cytokines, fibrinolysis, senescence genes, na ihe ndị ọzọ, yana usoro cellular gụnyere ọdịiche, mmụba, na apoptosis. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, protein ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na nzaghachi nrụgide cellular. Usoro Thymogen nke njikọ ha na-enyere mkpụrụ ndụ aka ime mgbanwe nke ọma na gburugburu ebe obibi na iguzogide mmebi ^[2]..

Mmetụta Antiviral:

Ọrụ mgbochi mgbochi ozugbo: Nnwale in vitro na-egosi na ịgbasa Thymogen na-egosipụta ọrụ mgbochi mgbochi mpaghara megide SARS-CoV-2 na viral titer nke 5.2 log TCID50 na omenala sel Vero CCL81. Nke a na-eme site na mmekọrịta ya na nje a kpọmkwem, na-emetụta usoro dịka mgbasa ozi, mbuso agha, na imegharị ya, si otú a na-egbochi ọrịa nje na nnyefe ^[3]..

Effects Antiviral Indirect Indirect Immune-Mediated Indirect: N'ihi njirimara immunomodulatory ya, Thymogen na-arụ ọrụ ndị na-anabata ihe mgbochi na ụzọ akara, na-achịkwa nzuzo nzuzo cytokine, ma na-akwalite ikike nchebe nke ahụ. Ọ na-alụso nje virus ọgụ ọgụ n'ụzọ na-apụtachaghị ìhè site n'ịkwalite ọrụ nchebe zuru oke. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, sel ndị na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ nwere ike ịmata ma kpochapụ mkpụrụ ndụ nje butere nke ọma, si otú ahụ nweta mmetụta antiviral ^[1].

Ọgụgụ 1 TRH-TSH-T3 loop nzaghachi ^[3].

Mmezi cell na mmụgharị:

Mmetụta Antioxidant: Na nnukwu nnwale mmerụ ahụ imeju na-egbu egbu, Thymogen na-egbochi mmeghachi omume oxidative peroxidation. Mgbe a na-elekọta ya na-esochi mmerụ ahụ nke carbon tetrachloride kpatara, Thymogen belatara mkpokọta malondialdehyde (MDA), na-egosi ikike ya ibelata mmebi cellular nke nrụgide oxidative kpatara. Nke a na-eme n'ihi na nrụgide oxidative na-emepụta radicals n'efu nke na-awakpo biomolecules intracellular - dị ka lipids, proteins, na DNA-na-eduga na mmerụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ cell. Njirimara antioxidant Thymogen na-echebe mkpụrụ ndụ pụọ na mmebi radical efu ^[5].

Mkpali nke Mweghachi Cell: N'otu aka ahụ, n'ụdị mmerụ ahụ na-egbu egbu na-egbu egbu, Thymogen na-akpali mweghachi nke hepatocytes. O yikarịrị ka nke a na-eme site n'ịchịkwa okwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa jikọtara ya na mmụba cell, ọdịiche, na apoptosis. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ na-akwalite mmụba hepatocyte, na-eme ka nrụzi na imegharị anụ ahụ mebiri emebi iji weghachi ọrụ imeju nkịtị ^[5]..

Mmetụta na Mineral, Pigmenti, na Lipid Metabolism: N'ọmụmụ ihe banyere anụ ụlọ nwere mmerụ ahụ, itinye Thymogen n'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ maka moose merụrụ ahụ na-eme ka nhazi nke mineral metabolism dịkwuo ukwuu ma na-ebelata nsogbu na pigmenti na metabolism lipid. Nke a na-egosi na Thymogen na-emetụta ịnweta, pigmenti, na usoro metabolic lipid site n'ịchịkwa isi ihe na ụzọ metabolic dị mkpa, si otú ahụ na-edobe nguzozi nke metabolic ^[6]..

Mmetụta na Protein, Nitrogen, na Carbohydrate Metabolism: N'ime nyocha nkedo na boars, Thymogen belatara ike nke mgbanwe usoro catabolic pathological ma kwado nhazi nke ihe ngosi biochemical n'oge nnwale ikpeazụ. Nke a na-egosi mmetụta nchịkwa Thymogen na protein, nitrogen, na carbohydrate metabolism, nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike nke metabolic site na imetụta ọrụ ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke enzymes metabolic dị mkpa ^[6]..

Kedu ihe bụ ngwa Thymogen?

Ugbo mgbochi: N'ime ọmụmụ ihe ezubere iche maka coronavirus akwụkwọ akụkọ, nnwale emere na ọdịbendị sel Vero CCL81 tụnyere ọgwụ mgbochi antiseptik Miramistin® iji nyochaa ọrụ mgbochi mpaghara ha megide SARS-CoV-2. Nsonaazụ egosighi mmetụta na-egbu egbu na mkpụrụ ndụ Vero na mkpokọta a mụrụ. Ọzọkwa, n'ime usoro nnwale, Thymogen® spray gosipụtara ọrụ mgbochi mgbochi mpaghara megide SARS-CoV-2 na titer viral nke 5.2 log TCID50. Nke a na-egosi ikike dị ukwuu maka ịgbasa imi Thymogen® dị ka ihe nnọchi anya maka igbochi na ọgwụgwọ COVID-19 ^[3].

Ọgwụgwọ Ọrịa Imeju: N'ime ọmụmụ banyere ọrịa imeju na-egbu egbu, nchịkwa intraperitoneal na-aga n'ihu nke carbon tetrachloride maka ụbọchị 5 kpatara hepatic steatosis, belata ọrụ catalase, yana ọkwa malondialdehyde dị elu. Nlekọta nke Thymogen na analogues nhazi ya (enwetara site na itinye amino acid D-Ala na N-ma ọ bụ C-terminus nke peptide molecule) gbochiri mmeghachi omume oxidative peroxidation ma kpalie mmezi hepatocyte na ịmaliteghachi. N'ime ndị a, analogues Thymogen gosipụtara mmetụta hepatotropic na antioxidant pụtara nke ọma ma e jiri ya tụnyere Thymogen. Mmetụta a kacha pụta ìhè mgbe amino acid agbakwunyere na C-terminus nke molekul. Nke a na-egosi na Thymogen na analogues ya na-enwe mmetụta dị mma na nrụzi mmerụ imeju ^[5]..

Immunomodulation na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa: Enwere ike itinye ọgwụ peptide thymalin n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche jikọtara ya na arụrụ ọrụ mgbochi, nje nje na nje nje, normalization nke ịmaliteghachi, mgbochi immunosuppression na hematopoietic suppression na-eso chemotherapy na radiotherapy. Otu n'ime ihe mejupụtara ya, EW dipeptide (ya bụ, ọgwụ Thymogen), na-achịkwa okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, njikọ protein okpomọkụ, cytokines, fibrinolysis, mkpụrụ ndụ senescence, na ọdịiche cellular, mmụba, na apoptosis. Thymogen dị irè megide ọrịa nje dị iche iche ma gosipụta nrụpụta ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụgwọ zuru oke nke COVID-19 nke ọrịa coronavirus kpatara ^[2].

Mmechi

Thymogen na-egosipụta ọrụ ndu multidimensional. Ọ na-edobe homeostasis nke na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ ma na-akwalite ikike mgbochi ọrịa site na ịgbalite ndị na-anabata TLR/RLR na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ, na-achịkwa nzuzo nzuzo cytokine (dịka, TNF-a, IL-1β), na imezi ọrụ sel mgbochi. Ọ na-egosipụta ọrụ mgbochi in vitro megide SARS-CoV-2. Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-ebelata mmebi site n'ịkwụsị nrụgide oxidative yana na-akpali akpali mmezi / mmụgharị sel anụ ahụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, hepatocytes). mgbe ị na-achịkwa mineral, pigmenti, na lipid metabolism iji nọgide na-enwe nguzozi nke metabolic. Ọ nwere ike inye aka na mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ COVID-19, rụkwaa mmebi imeju, ma jiri ya mee ihe maka ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na ndị ọrịa kansa agadi iji belata nsogbu mgbe ịwachara ahụ ma belata oge mgbake. Nke a na-eme ka ọ baa uru maka ntinye aka na ọrịa ndị metụtara mgbochi na nrụzi anụ ahụ.

Banyere Onye dere ya

Ihe niile a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ Cocer Peptides na-enyocha, dezie ma chịkọta ya.

Onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị

Kim H bụ onye nyocha na-elekwasị anya n'ọhịa nke usoro ihe ọmụmụ ọkpụkpụ na ọrụ physiological nke hormones thyroid. Nnyocha ha gbadoro ụkwụ na ọrụ nchịkwa nke homonụ thyroid na usoro mmepe skeletal metụtara usoro ndu, na-elekwasị anya n'ịchọgharị usoro molekụla na cellular. Kim H na-ejikarị nchikota nke ụzọ nnwale dị ka usoro ihe ọmụmụ ihe omimi na usoro ihe atụ nke ndụ na-eduzi ọmụmụ ihe omimi, na-achọ ime ka nghọta echiche nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ihe endocrine na ahụike ọkpụkpụ. Edepụtara Kim H na ntụnye aka nke ntụaka [4].

▎ Okwu ndị dị mkpa

[1] Sokolova TM, Poloskov VV, Shuvalov AN, Burova OS, Sokolova ZA. Ngosipụta TLR/RLR-usoro nke immunomodulating edinam nke ingavirin na nkwadebe thymogen. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Russian nke Biotherapy 2019.

https://api.semanticcholar.org/CorpusID:241982195.

[2] Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Chalisova NI, Ivko OM. Iji Thymalin mee ihe maka mgbazi mgbochi yana akụkụ molecular nke ọrụ ndu. Nyocha akwụkwọ akụkọ bayoloji 2021; 11(4): 377-382 . 10.1134/S2079086421040046.

[3] Leneva IA, Smirnov VS, Kudryavtseva TA, et al. Ọrụ mgbochi mgbochi mpaghara nke ọgwụ Thymogen extregistered, ịgba imi imi, megide SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in vitro. Ọgwụ nje na chemotherapy 2021.

https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239684084.

[4] Kim H, Mohan S. Ọrụ na Usoro nke Omume nke Hormone Thyroid na Mmepe Skeletal. Nnyocha ọkpụkpụ 2013; 1(1): 146-161.DOI: 10.4248/BR201302004.

[5] Chulanova AA, Smakhtin MY, Bobyntsev II, Mishina ES, Artyushkova EB, Smakhtina AM. Mmetụta Mmezi na Antioxidant nke New Analogues nke Immunomodulator Thymogen n'ụdị nnwale nke mmebi imeju. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke bayoloji na ọgwụ 2023; 175(5): 700-703.DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05929-5.

[6] Reshetnyak V, Burdeyniy V, Malakhova L, Yelokhin M, Stekolnikov A. MMETỤTA THYMOGEN NA NDỊ NA-ARỤ NDỊ NA-ECHICHE NA MOOSES NA ihe ngosi nke ịnweta, pigment na lipID metabolism. Akwụkwọ akụkọ International of Veterinary Medicine 2022: 187-192.DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2022.3.187.

Edemede na ozi ngwaahịa niile enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka mgbasa ozi na ebumnuche mmụta.  

Ngwaahịa ndị enyere na webụsaịtị a bụ naanị maka nyocha in vitro. A na-eme nyocha in vitro (Latin: * na iko *, nke pụtara na ihe eji enyo) na mpụga ahụ mmadụ. Ngwaahịa ndị a abụghị ọgwụ, ndị US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) akwadoghị ya, ha agaghịkwa eji ya gbochie, gwọọ, ma ọ bụ gwọọ ọnọdụ ahụike ọ bụla, ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọrịa. Iwu amachibidoro nke ọma iwebata ngwaahịa ndị a n'ime ahụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ n'ụdị ọ bụla.