Na Cocer Peptides bin rayt am
1 mɔnt dɔn pas
ƆL DI ATIKUL ƐN PRODƆKT INFƆMƐSHƆN WE DƐN GI NA DIS WƐBSAYT NA FƆ ƆL FƆ DI INFƆMƐSHƆN ƐN FƆ EDYUKESHƆN.
Di prɔdak dɛn we dɛn gi na dis wɛbsayt na fɔ in vitro risach nɔmɔ. in vitro risach (Latin: *in glas*, we min insay glas) dεn de du am ausayd mכtalman bכdi. Dɛn prɔdak ya nɔto famasitik, dɛn nɔ gɛt di aprɔval frɔm di US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ɛn dɛn nɔ fɔ yuz dɛn fɔ protɛkt, trit, ɔ mɛn ɛni mɛrɛsin, sik, ɔ sik. Di lɔ nɔ gri fɔ mek dɛn put dɛn tin ya insay mɔtalman ɔ animal bɔdi ɛni we.
1. Ovaviu fɔ di tin dɛn we dɛn dɔn lan
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) na wan grup wae de mek nyurodivεlכpmεnt dizכrd dεm wae dεn kin kכl dεfisit pan soshal kכmyunikeshn εn intarakshכn, εn bak dεn bihayvya εn intres dεm wae de ripit εn rεstrikt. Oxytocin, wan nyuropεptida we de ple implεnt rol fכ rεgεl soshal bihayvya, dεn kכmכt as pכtεnshal kandidet drog fכ כtizm tritmεnt. Dis atikul go εksplכr di rol εn di aplikεshכn dεm we כksijεn de du pan כtizm tritmεnt.


Figure 1. Rεgulεshכn כf כksijεn εn sεrotonin pan כtizm spεktrum dizכrd (ASD) kכr simptom dεm.
2. Bayolojikal Besis fɔ Ɔksijɛn
2.1 Strukchɔ ɛn Sɛntesis
כksitosin (OXT) na saykli nonapεptida we tu sistayn amino asid dεm de fכm intramכlikul disulfayd bכnd. na di haypothalamus de mek am εn i de kכmכt na di bכdi frכm di posita pituitary gland. insay di sεntri nεv sεstem, di nyuron dεm we de prodyuz כksitosin de fכs fכ kכnsantreyt insay di paraventrikular nyuklios εn supraoptik nyuklios na di haypothalamus. dis nyuron dεm de projεkt aksכn dεm to di posita pituitary gland εn כda bren rijyכn dεm lεk di amigdala, hipokampus, εn prεfrכnt kכtεks, we de rεgεl difrεn fysiolojikal εn bihayvכral fכnshכn dεm.
2.2 Mɛkanism fɔ Akshɔn
כksijεn de sho in ifekt dεm bay we i de biεn spεsifi k כksijεn rεsεpכta dεm (OXTR). OXTR de pan di G protin-kכpl rεsεpכta famili εn i de distribyut bכku bכku wan tru di sεntri nεv sεstem εn di pεrifεral tisu dεm. insay di bren, aktibכshכn fכ OXTR kin rεgεl di rilis fכ nyurotransmitta dεm lεk dopamin εn sεrotonin, we de infכlכw nyuronal εksitabiliti εn sinaptik plastisiti. insay di amigdala, כksitosin kin rεgεl di rispכns we di amigdala nyuron dεm de gi to soshal stimuli, we de afekt wan individכl in prכsεsin fכ imכshכnal infכmeshכn εn soshal kכgnitiv abiliti dεm.
3. Di Rol we Ɔksijɛn Gɛt pan Ɔtizm Tritmɛnt
3.1 Ifɛkt pan Sɔshial Fɔnkshɔn
3.1.1 Ɛnhans Sɔshial Intarakshɔn
Bɔku stɔdi dɛn dɔn sho se ɔksijɛn kin ɛp fɔ mek pipul dɛn we gɛt ɔtizm gɛt mɔ sɔshal intarakshɔn. Insay wan stכdi usay dεn bin gi adכlt mays dεm כksijεn (0.8 IU/kg) intranasally evride, di animal dεm we dεn trit bin spεnd tu tεm di tεm fכ intarakt wit soshal patna dεm afta jכs tu wiks. Insay mɔtalman stɔdi, pan ɔl we sɔm klinik trial rizɔlt dɛn kin difrɛn, sɔm stɔdi dɛn dɔn sho fayn ifɛkt. Fɔ ɛgzampul, wan stɔdi we dɛn du we dɛn yuz ɔksitɔsin (24 IU ɛvri tu dez fɔ siks wik) pan pikin dɛn we gɛt ɔtizm, sho se di skɔ dɛn we dɛn gɛt pan di Sɔshial Rispɔnsivnɛs Skel (SRS) dɔn bɛtɛ pan di stɛtistik, we sho se di sɔshal wok dɔn go bifo.
3.1.2 Impɔtant Sɔshial Kɔgnishɔn
Ɔksijɛn kin inflɔws aw pipul dɛm wae gɛt ɔtizm kin no ɛn ɔndastand sɔshal kiyu dɛm. insay fכnshכnal magnεtik rεsכnans imej (fMRI) stכdi dεm, adכlt man patisipan dεm wit כtizm sho wan rili inkrεs pan bren aktiviti na di posita supεriכr tεmporal gayrus (pSTS) we dεn de prכsεs pכynt-layt bayolojikal mכshכn fכ no di imכshכnal stet dεm we de fכlכ wan singl dכz intranasal כksitosin (IN-OT). dis sho se כksijεn kin εnhans di prεsεpshכn εn prכsεs fכ soshal kכy dεm na pipul dεm we gεt כtizm.
3.2 Efεkt pan Imoshכnal Prכsεsin
3.2.1 Rεgulεshכn כf Amygdala Aktiviti
di amigdala de ple imכtant rol insay di imyushכnal prכsεsin εn soshal bihayvya. mכltipכl dכz dεm fכ intranasal כksitosin tritmεnt (4 wik, 24 IU evride) rεsult in sכstayn rεdukshכn pan di bren aktiviti na di baylatarכl amigdala, we bin de ivin afta di aktual tritmεnt pεriכd, we las te 4 wik εn 1 ia afta di tritmεnt. apat frכm dat, patisipan dεm wit mכr pronכns rεdukshכn pan amygdala aktiviti sho big bihayvכral improvεmεnt, patikyular in sεlf-pεrεsεv avכydεnt atachmεnt εn soshal fכnshכn. dis sho se כksijεn kin impruv di imyushכnal prכsεsin εn soshal bihayvya pan pipul dεm we gεt כtizm bay we i de rεgεl di amigdala aktiviti.
3.2.2 Ɛnhans Imɔshɔnal Rikɔgnishɔn Abiliti
Sɔm stɔdi dɔn sho se ɔksijɛn kin ɛp pipul dɛm wae gɛt ɔtizm fɔ no aw dɛn de fil fayn fayn wan. Bihεviכral εkspεriεns dεm we involv wok dεm lεk fεs εksprεshכn rεkכgnishכn fכn se כksijεn administreshכn impruv di akכda imoshכnal rεkכgnishכn in patisipan dεm.
3.3 Ifekt pan Ripititiv ɛn Stiriɔtayp Biɛvhɔ
Sɔm stɔdi dɔn sho se ɔksitɔsin kin gɛt fayn ifɛkt pan di ripit ɛn stereotype bihayvya pan pipul dɛm wae gɛt ɔtizm. Insay wan stכdi pan adכlt mays, afta fכ wiks כksijεn tritmεnt, di ripit bihayvya dεn dכn dכn bay 30%, εn dis ifekt bin de fכ wik afta dεn sכt di tritmεnt. Insay mɔtalman stɔdi, we dɛn yuz ɔksitɔsin (24 IU ɛvri tu dez fɔ siks wik) pan pikin dɛn we gɛt ɔtizm bin rili mek di Ripititiv Biɛvhɔ Skel – Rivays (RBS) skɔ dɛn bɛtɛ pan di stɛtistik, we sho se di ripititiv ɛn stiriɔtayp bihayvya dɛn dɔn ridyus.
4. Aplikeshɔn fɔ Ɔksijɛn insay Ɔtizm Tritmɛnt
Klinik Risach Prɔgrɛs
Stɔdi dɛn we dɛn kin du fɔ wan doz
Bɔku randomized controlled trials (RCT) dɔn invɛstigat di ifɛkt dɛm we singl-dos ɔksitɔsin gɛt. Bɔku stɔdi dɛn we involv ɔl tu di nyurotaypik ɛn ɔtistik pipul dɛn dɔn sho se singl-dos ɔksitɔsin administreshɔn de gi signifyant bɛnifit ifɛkt dɛn we yu kɔmpia am wit plasɛbo. Insay sɔm stɔdi dɛm, singl-dos intranasal ɔksitɔsin impɔtant pefɔmɛns pan spɛshal sɔshal wok dɛm bitwin ɔtistik pasɛnt dɛm, lɛk inkris ay kɔntakt ɛn ayt atɛnshɔn to sɔshal stimuli.
Multi-dose Lɔng Tɛm Stɔdi dɛn
di rizulyt dεm fכ stכdi dεm pan di lכng tεm yus fכ כksijεn pan mכltipכl dכz dεm nכ sכmtεm we nכ kכnsist. Sɔm stɔdi dɛn dɔn sho se i kin du fayn fayn tin dɛn. Insay wan stכdi we dεn du pan pikin dεm we gεt כtizm, fכ wik we dεn gi di כksijεn כksijεn fכ krεse (12 IU tu tεm evri de) bin mek di εndojεnik כksijεn sistεm, lεk aw dεn sho bay we di saliva כksitosin lεvεl dεm bin inkrεs 24 awa afta di las intranasal spεy administreshכn. apat frכm dat, dεn bin obsεv rεdכks DNA mεtyleshכn fכ di כksitosin rεsεptכr jin (OXTR), we sho se rεsεptכr εksprεshכn de inkrεs, εn i bin כsכsiayt wit impruv filin fכ sεkyuriti. Insay wan 24 wik plesibo-kɔntroled Faz 2 trayal, dɛn bin gi pikin ɛn yɔŋ pipul dɛn we gɛt ɔtizm we ol 3–17 ia 48 intanashɔnal yunit dɛn fɔ intranasal ɔksitɔsin ɛvride. Di risalts sho se no signifyant difrɛns bitwin di ɔksitosin grup ɛn di plasɛbo grup na di praymari autkam mɛzhɔ, di Abnɔmal Biɛvhɔ Chɛklist Modified Sɔshial Witdrawal Sabskayl (ABC-mSW) skɔ.
5. Dɔn
Di ɔmon ɔksitɔsin dɔn sho sɔm pat pan di tritmɛnt fɔ ɔtizm, we kin mek i gɛt fayn fayn ifɛkt pan sɔshal wok, imɔshɔnal prɔsesin, ɛn ripit stiriɔtayp bihayvya pan pipul dɛm we gɛt ɔtizm.
Sos dɛn we dɛn pul
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[4] Sikich L, Kolevzon A, King BH, ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. Intranasal Oxytocin in Pikin ɛn Adolesɛnt dɛn we gɛt Ɔtizm Spɛktrum Disɔda[J]. Nyu Ingland Jɔnal fɔ Mɛdisin, 2021,385(16):1462-1473.DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2103583.
[5] Tanaka A, Furubayashi T, Arai M, ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. Dεlivεri כf כksijεn to di Bren fכ di Tritmεnt fכ כtizm spεktrum dizכrd bay Nasal Aplikεshכn.[J]. Mɔlikul Famasiutik, 2018,15 3:1105-1111.
[6] Agarikano OP N. Oksitosin in animal mכdel dεm fכ כtizm spεktrum dizכrd[J]. Divεlכpmεnt Nyurobayoloji, 2017,77. Di https://api.semanticscholar.org/KɔpɔsID:44632900. Di wan dɛn we de stɔdi bɔt di Baybul
[7] Munesue T, Minabe Y. [Di Posisibul Rol we Ɔksijɛn Gɛt pan Ɔtizm Spɛktrum Disɔda].[J]. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi = Sayk i atria ɛn Nyurɔlɔjia Japonika, 2016,118 6:399-409.
[8] Zhao F, Zhang H, Wang P, ɛn ɔda pipul dɛn. כksijεn εn sεrotonin in di mכdulashכn fכ nyural fכnshכn: Nyurobayolojikal כndapinin dεm fכ כtizm-rεlatεd bihayvya[J]. Frontiers in Nyurosayns,Vɔlyum 16 - 2022.
Prodak we de fɔ yuz fɔ risach nɔmɔ:
