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1 pahu (10 Vials)
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▎ Hana HCG
Puna: PubChem |
IUPAC Condensed: N(1)Cys-Gly-OH.H-Aad(1)-OH Huihui Molekala: C 11H 19N 3O 6S Kaumaha Molekala:321.35g/mol Helu CAS: 9002-61-3 PubChem CID: 4369448 Synonyms: Chorionic gonadotrophin；CHEMBL1233255 |
▎ ʻImi HCG
He aha ke kumu noiʻi o HCG?
ʻO ka Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) he mole me nā hana koʻikoʻi he nui a he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i nā ʻano e like me ka hāpai ʻana a me ke kanesa kanaka. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka HCG kahi mole mole. ʻO ia ka glycoprotein ʻakika loa a loaʻa ka hapa kiʻekiʻe o ke kō. ʻO ka lua, aia ka HCG ma nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka HCG maʻamau, HCG sulfated, HCG hyperglycosylated, β-HCG manuahi, a me ka β-HCG manuahi hyperglycosylated, etc. [1].
Ma ke ʻano o ka hāpai ʻana, pono ka HCG no ke kaʻina menstrual kanaka a me ka hāpai kanaka. He kuleana ko HCG maʻamau i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka corpus luteum progesterone a he mau hana koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka cell trophoblast a me ka meaʻai hānai. No ka laʻana, ʻike ʻo ia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai hānai ma o ka angiogenesis i loko o nā aʻa spiral o ka myometrium [1] . He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka HCG Hyperglycosylated i ka wā mua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ia ka isoform HCG nui i ka wā mua o ka hāpai ʻana, hiki iā ia ke kāohi i ka apoptosis, hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā cell, ulu, a me ka hoʻololi ʻino, a mālama i ka implantation a me ka ulu placental [1].
Ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa, hoʻopuka nā maʻi maʻi non-trophoblastic i ka hyperglycosylated free β subunit o HCG, ka mea, ma ke ʻano he kumu autocrine, e hoʻoikaika hou i ka ulu a me ka hoʻololi ʻino ʻana o nā maʻi kanesa ma o ka antagonizing apoptosis [1].
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻike ʻana o ka HCG i nā noi lapaʻau, me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana, ka nānā ʻana i nā hopena o ka hāpai ʻana, ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hopena o nā fetuses me Down syndrome, wānana i ka preeclampsia, ʻike ʻana i ka pituitary HCG, ʻike a mālama i nā maʻi trophoblastic gestational, ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi trophoblastic gestational quiescent, ka nānā ʻana i ka placental placental trophoblasticsticulars malignancies, ka mālama ʻana i ka placental cell trophoblastics malignancies, ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. etc. [1].
He aha ka hana o ka HCG?
1. Ka hopena i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka endometrium
Ua hōʻike kekahi mau haʻawina e pili ana ka HCG i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka endometrium ma o ka miR-126-3p/PIK3R2/PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis a pāʻani i kahi kuleana nui i ke kaʻina o ka embryo implantation (Wang W, 2023). ʻO nā hōʻike kiko'ī penei:
Ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o nā mea hoʻokipa endometrial: Ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻiole o ka embryo implantation dysfunction (EID) a me ka mālama ʻana me ka mifepristone, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua ma nā cell endometrial epithelial cell (EECs), ua ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka HCG, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka endometrium i nā ʻiole EID. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pae hōʻike o CD105 i nā ʻiole a me nā pae protein o cadherins CD144 a me CD146 e like me ka mea i hoʻoholo ʻia e immunohistochemistry a me Western blotting.
Hoʻoponopono i ka manaʻo gene: Hiki i ka HCG ke hoʻoikaika i ka hōʻike o miR-126-3p a keʻakeʻa i ka hōʻike ʻana o PIK3R2, a me nā pahuhopu miR-126-3p PIK3R2. Ua hōʻoia ʻia nā hoʻokolohua in vivo a me in vitro ua hoʻāla ʻo HCG i ke ala PI3K/Akt/eNOS ma o ka axis miR-126-3p/PIK3R2, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻae ʻana o ka endometrium.
2. Ke kuleana i ka mālama ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana
Hoʻokumu nui ʻia ka HCG e nā ʻāpana syncytiotrophoblast ʻokoʻa a he hōʻailona embryonic koʻikoʻi nui no ka mālama ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana [2].
E ho'ā ana i nā hopena cascade hōʻailona he nui: Hiki i ka HCG ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hormone luteinizing/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) a hiki ke hoʻoikaika i nā hopena cascade hōʻailona he nui, me nā makuahine e kūʻē i ka decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2) no nā makuahine me nā mana he nui, protein kinase C (PKC), a me/a i ʻole ka pilina o ka protein kinase (PKA) pololei. (TGFβR).
Hoʻoikaika i ka angiogenesis i loko o ka endothelium uterine: He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka HCG i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka angiogenesis i loko o ka endothelium uterine, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ulu ulu maikaʻi no ka ʻōpiopio. immunomodulation ma ka maternal-fetal interface a me ke kaulike i ka pane o ka maternal immune system i ka embryo.
3. Ke kuleana i ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka embryo hau
Ua ʻike nā haʻawina ʻo ka transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) i hui pū ʻia me ka mālama HCG hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena o ka hāpai ʻana o nā poʻe maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka embryo transfer [3].
Hoʻonui i ka mānoanoa o ka endometrium: ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka TEAS e kōkua nui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ka endometrium i nā poʻe maʻi e hoʻololi ana i ka embryo paʻa. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o HCG a me TEAS kōkua pū i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ka endometrium i kēia mau maʻi.
E ho'ēmi i ka helu kahe o ke koko o ka ʻōpū: ʻO nā kumu waiwai o ke kahe o ke koko endometrial PI a me RI i ka TEAS i hui pū ʻia me ka hui HCG a me ka pūʻulu TEAS he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka poʻe i loko o ka pūʻulu mana, e hōʻike ana i ka hui pū ʻana o HCG a me TEAS hiki ke hōʻemi i ke kahe kahe o ke koko PI a me RI o ke aʻa uterine i nā maʻi.
Hoʻonui i nā pae o nā mea e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana i ka serum: ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka HCG e kōkua nui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka serum P a me ka leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) i nā poʻe maʻi e hoʻololi ana i ka embryo paʻa. ʻO nā pae serum LIF ma ka hui TEAS, ka hui HCG, a me ka TEAS i hui pū ʻia me ka hui HCG ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka poʻe i loko o ka pūʻulu mana. Ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka embryo i loko o ka hui i hui pū ʻia ma mua o ka hui hoʻomalu, e hōʻike ana e hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka TEAS a me ka HCG ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hopena hāpai o nā maʻi e hoʻololi ana i ka embryo paʻa.
4. Ka mālama ʻana i ka hypogonadism kāne
ʻO ka hypogonadism ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka huna ʻana o ka gonadotropin i nā kāne he hopena koʻikoʻi i ke olakino hānau a me ka maikaʻi o ke ola o nā maʻi. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) i ka mālama ʻana i ia mau maʻi. Hoʻopili ʻo HCG i nā mea loaʻa ma ka ʻili o nā pūnaewele Leydig i loko o ka testis, hoʻāla i ke ala hōʻailona intracellular, a paipai i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka cholesterol i testosterone. Hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka testosterone ke hoʻoikaika i ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka testis a hoʻonui i ka nui o ka testis. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka testosterone ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea hānau e like me ka epididymis a me nā vas deferens. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka Testosterone i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona kāne lua. Ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka testosterone, hiki i ka mālama HCG ke hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻumiʻumi a me nā ʻāpala a Adamu, hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ka ʻiʻo, a hoʻonui i ka makemake i ka wahine, etc.
Nā kumu kelepona, nā pahuhopu, nā cascades hōʻailona pili, a me nā hana o nā isoform HCG like ʻole i nā wahine hāpai ʻole a me nā wahine hāpai.
Puna:PubMed [2]
He aha nā noi nui o ka HCG?
1. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka hāpai mua ʻana
Ka waiwai o ke ana ana i na mea o ka serum T-HCG a me ka β-HCG i ka hapai mua ana: E ohi i na hihia o ka hapai mua ole, e ana i ka serum T-HCG me ka chemiluminescence, e ana i ka serum β-HCG me ka radioimmunoassay, a e hana i na ike ikaika. Hōʻike nā hopena i nā mea o ka serum T-HCG a me ka β-HCG i loko o ka pūʻulu hāpai ectopic he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa ma mua o ka poʻe i loko o ka pūʻulu hāpai a me ka pūʻulu hāpai intrauterine. Hōʻike kēia i ke ana ʻana o nā mea o ka serum T-HCG a me ka β-HCG he kikoʻī maikaʻi a me ka helu diagnostic no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana o ka ectopic a me ka hāpai intrauterine, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka T-HCG a me ka hilinaʻi [4].
ʻO ka hōʻoia o ka hāpai ʻana o ka ectopic ma ka ʻike hui ʻana o ka serum HCG, β-HCG, a me ka progesterone: ʻike i ka serum HCG, β-HCG, a me ka progesterone i nā wahine hāpai maʻamau a me nā wahine hāpai me ka hāpai ʻana. Hōʻike nā hopena e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka serum HCG, β-HCG, a me ka progesterone i nā wahine hāpai maʻamau ma mua o nā wahine hāpai me ka hapai ectopic. Ke ʻike wale ʻia, ʻo 70.83% ka helu pololei o ka serum HCG i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka hapai ectopic; ʻo ka helu pololei o β-HCG he 66.7%; ʻO ka helu pololei o ka progesterone he 54.17%. ʻO ka ʻike hui pū ʻana o ka serum HCG, β-HCG, a me ka progesterone he helu pololei a hiki i ka 95.8% i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka hapai ectopic [5].
2. Hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana hoʻohua kōkua
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maturation follicular: Ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ovarian, hiki i ke kanaka menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) ke hoʻopaʻa i ka maturation follicular ma hope o ka desensitization pituitary i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (Gn-RH-analogue). ʻO ka mea nui kēia no ka pale ʻana i ka pane ʻole o ka endogenous luteinizing hormone (LG) pane i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka hMG ma kahi o kahi hapakolu o nā pōʻai lapaʻau. I loko o kekahi mau haʻawina e hoʻohana ana i ka buserelin a i ʻole degarelix ma ke ʻano he Gn-RH analogues, 282 mau maʻi i loaʻa i ka in vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he lāʻau 'in vivo'. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o GnRH analogue/hMG/HCG i hoʻonui nui i ka nui o ka hāpai ʻana i nā hui āpau. ʻO ka nui o ka hāpai ʻana o nā maʻi i mālama ʻia me HMG/HCG he 17%, aʻo ka hui pū ʻana i hana ʻia ai ka 25% o nā maʻi i hāpai [6].
Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka endometrium: ʻO Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka embryo. Ua ʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻiʻo endometrial ma hope o ka hoʻokele intrauterine o ka HCG, ua piʻi nui ka helu o nā cell e hōʻike ana i ka endothelial cell adhesion molecules VE-cadherin (CD144) a me S-Endo-1 (CD146), e hōʻike ana i nā molekele endothelial cell adhesion mole e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e HCG ke hoʻonui i ka embryo implantation [7].
2. Ka lapaʻau ʻana i ka lawa ʻole o ka luteal
No nā makahiki he ʻelua i hala iho nei, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻokele progesterone exogenous e like me ke kākoʻo luteal phase (LPS) i hui pū ʻia me ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka ovarian me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kanaka Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) e hoʻomaka i ka maturation hope o nā follicles. ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana o GnRHa e hoʻomaka i ka ovulation e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻokele progesterone exogenous e loaʻa ai kahi helu hāpai ʻoluʻolu me ka ʻole o ka HCG supplementation.
ʻO kēia ka mea i alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻolālā ʻē aʻe no ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka pae luteal. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka progesterone endogenous kūloko o nā corpora lutea he mea nui, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi hyperstimulation ovarian, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e hāʻawi i kahi pae kūpono o ka progesterone e mālama i ka implantation.
Ua loiloi ka noiʻi o kēia manawa i ke kuleana o ka micro-dose HCG no ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka pae luteal a ua aʻo i kona mau pono a me nā hemahema. Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona pharmacokinetic o HCG, ua loiloi ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona makemakika o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka HCG i ka wā luteal ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻokele HCG like ʻole e like me ke kākoʻo ʻana o ka luteal phase. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kākoʻo luteal phase o kēia manawa i hoʻolako pū ʻia me ka GnRHa triggering (ie, 1500IU) he ikaika loa, a hiki i ka lawelawe ʻana o ka micro-dose HCG i kēlā me kēia lā ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo luteal phase kūpono no nā lāʻau i loaʻa i kēia manawa. Hāʻawi pū ʻia nā hopena lapaʻau mua o ke ʻano micro-dose HCG [8].
3. Lapaʻau ʻana i ka ʻōpū unilateral intra-abdominal undescended testis
Ua mālama ʻia kahi haʻawina ma luna o nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka orchidopexy no ka unilateral intra-abdominal undescended testis mai Kepakemapa 2010 a Kepakemapa 2016. ʻElua pule ma hope o ka hana ʻana, pono nā mākua o nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka lāʻau hormone e hahai i kahi regimen 6-wiki. Ua loaʻa i nā poʻe maʻi kahi injection subcutaneous o 500 UI (Gonasi-HP) i kēlā me kēia pule. Hana ʻia ka hahai ʻana ma ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana a me 6 mau mahina ma hope.
Ua ana ʻia ka nui o ka hōʻike e ka ultrasound a me ka ultrasonic elastography i kēlā me kēia hahai ʻana a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua hōʻike nā hopena i loaʻa i nā maʻi he 45 ka mālama ʻana, me ka makahiki awelika o 18.0±9.7 mahina. Ua loaʻa i nā maʻi 32 ka mālama ʻana i ka hormone postoperative, a ʻaʻohe hopena ʻino a i ʻole nā hihia o ka haʻalele ʻana.
Ua hoʻopau nā maʻi a pau i ka hahai ʻana. ʻAʻohe hihia o ka atrophy testicular ma nā hui ʻelua. Ma ka hui lapaʻau, 81% o nā maʻi i hiki i ka nui o ka testis maʻamau i 6 mau mahina, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. I ka hui i mālama ʻole ʻia, 46% o nā maʻi i hōʻea i ka nui o ka testis maʻamau. ʻO ka hoʻohana postoperative o ke kanaka Chorionic Gonadotropin (u-HCG) hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nui a me ka hana o ka testis ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ulu a me ka ulu ʻana o ka testis [9].
4. No ka noiʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau β-HCG
E hana i kahi ho'āʻo hoʻoikaika HCG ma luna o nā wāhine i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau NII beta-HCG akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā anti-HCG antibody titers, a hoʻohana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka serum progesterone secretion ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka pane ʻana o ka corpus luteum i ka HCG intravenous. Ua hōʻike nā hopena i loko o ka pūʻulu hoʻomalu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka pae huna progesterone ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka HCG ma mua o ka pae basal, ʻoiai ʻo ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka progesterone kiʻekiʻe o nā wahine i loko o ka hui immunized ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka pae basal ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, e hōʻike ana e hiki i nā antibodies i hana ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke intercept i ka hopena o exogenous HCG [10].
I ka hopena, hoʻokani ʻo HCG i kahi hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mea e pili ana i ka hana hou. I ka mālama ʻana i ka hānau ʻana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu maikaʻi i ka ovulation, e lawe ana i ka manaʻolana i nā poʻe maʻi me ka infertility ma muli o nā maʻi ovulation. Ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea loaʻa LH i loko o ke kino, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka pae LH lawa ʻole i ka protocol antagonist a kōkua i ka maturation follicular. No ka lawa ʻole o ka luteal, hiki i ka HCG ke hoʻoulu i ka corpus luteum e hūnā i ka progesterone a mālama i kahi ʻano hormonal kūpono e kākoʻo ai i ka hāpai ʻana.
No ka male hypogonadism ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka huna ʻana o ka gonadotropin, hiki i ka HCG ke hoʻoulu i nā pūnaewele Leydig i ka testis e synthesize a huna i ka testosterone, hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o ka testicular, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona lua, a hoʻonui i ka hana hānau a me ka maikaʻi o ke ola o nā maʻi. I ka manawa like, he kuleana nui ka HCG i ka mālama ʻana i ka hāpai mua ʻana, e hoʻoulu i ka corpus luteum e hoʻomau i ka huna ʻana i ka progesterone e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo. Ma ka hōʻoia hōʻoia, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka HCG he kumu koʻikoʻi ia no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hāpai mua ʻana a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻōpū ʻano like ʻole e like me ka hāpai ʻana o ka ectopic, e hāʻawi ana i ke kākoʻo ikaika no ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.
No ka mea kakau
ʻO nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei ua noiʻi ʻia, hoʻoponopono ʻia a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e Cocer Peptides.
Mea kākau moʻolelo ʻepekema
He kanaka noiʻi ʻo Chinedu Nwabuobi me ka ʻike ma nā kahua o Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Biology, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chemistry, and Oncology. Ua pili ʻo ia me kekahi mau ʻoihana hanohano, me ke Kulanui o South Florida, ke Kulanui o Rochester, a me Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Kākoʻo kāna noiʻi ʻana i nā kumuhana e like me nā hana biological a me nā noi lapaʻau o ke kanaka chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), me nā haʻawina i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāna kuleana i ke olakino hānau a me nā pathologies pili. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Chinedu Nwabuobi ma ka ʻōlelo kuhikuhi [2].
