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1 ngwa (10 Vials)
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▎ Ọdịdị HCG
Isi mmalite: PubChem |
IUPAC gbakọrọ: N (1)Cys-Gly-OH.H-Aad(1)-OH Ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ: C 11H 19N 3O 6S Arọ nke Molecular: 321.35g/mol Nọmba CAS: 9002-61-3 PubChem CID: 4369448 Synonyms: Chorionic gonadotrophin; CHEMBL1233255 |
▎ Nyocha HCG
Kedu ihe ndabere nyocha nke HCG?
Gonadotropin chorionic mmadụ (HCG) bụ molekul nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ dị mkpa ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'akụkụ dị ka afọ ime na ọrịa kansa mmadụ. Nke mbụ, HCG bụ molekul dị oke egwu. Ọ bụ glycoprotein kachasị acidic ma nwee oke shuga dị elu. Nke abuo, HCG dị n'ụdị dị iche iche, gụnyere HCG mgbe nile, HCG sulfated, hyperglycosylated HCG, free β-HCG, na hyperglycosylated free β-HCG, wdg [1]..
N'ihe gbasara ime ime, HCG dị mkpa maka oge ịhụ nsọ mmadụ na ime mmadụ. HCG oge niile na-ekere òkè n'ịkwalite mmepụta nke corpus luteum progesterone ma nweekwa ọrụ dị mkpa na sel trophoblast dị iche iche na nri nwa ebu n'afọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ na-achọpụta inye nri nwa ebu n'afọ site na angiogenesis na akwara gburugburu nke myometrium [1] . Hyperglycosylated HCG na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa na mmalite nke afọ ime. Ọ bụ isi nke HCG isoform na mmalite nke afọ ime, nke nwere ike igbochi apoptosis, kwalite mbuso agha cell, uto, na mgbanwe ọjọọ, na ịchịkwa ntinye na uto placental [1]..
N'ihe gbasara ọrịa kansa, ụbụrụ na-adịghị mma nke trophoblastic na-emepụta hyperglycosylated free β subunit nke HCG, nke, dị ka ihe na-akpata autocrine, na-akwalite uto na mgbanwe ọjọọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ cancer site na imegide apoptosis [1]..
Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa nchọpụta HCG n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ, gụnyere nyocha ime ime, nyochaa nsonaazụ afọ ime, ikpebi ihe ize ndụ nke ụmụ ebu n'afọ na Down syndrome, ịkọ preeclampsia, ịchọpụta HCG pituitary, ịchọpụta na ijikwa ọrịa gestational trophoblastic, ịchọpụta quiescent gestational trophoblastic ọrịa, diagnosing placental site tumor trophoblastic ọrịa, diagnosing placental site tumor trophoblastic. malignancies, na nlekota oru ndi mmadu ndi ozo, wdg. [1].
Kedu ihe bụ usoro nke HCG?
1. Mmetụta na nnabata nke endometrium
Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ egosila na HCG nwere ike imetụta nnabata nke endometrium site na miR-126-3p/PIK3R2/PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'usoro ntinye nke ẹmbrayo (Wang W, 2023). Ihe ngosi ndị akọwapụtara bụ ndị a:
Imelite ọrụ nke ndị na-anabata endometrial: Site n'ịmepụta ụdị òké nke embrayo implantation dysfunction (EID) na ịgwọ ya na mifepristone, na n'otu oge na-eduzi nnwale na mkpụrụ ndụ epithelial endometrial mmadụ (EEC), a chọpụtara na mgbe ọgwụgwọ HCG gasịrị, nnabata nke endometrium na ụmụ oke EID ka mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọkwa ngosipụta nke CD105 na ụmụ oke na ọkwa protein nke cadherins CD144 na CD146 ka ekpebisiri ike site na immunohistochemistry na Western blotting.
Na-achịkwa okwu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa: HCG nwere ike ịkwalite ngosipụta nke miR-126-3p ma gbochie okwu PIK3R2, yana miR-126-3p lekwasịrị anya PIK3R2. Nnwale na vivo na in vitro achọpụtala na HCG na-arụ ọrụ ụzọ PI3K/Akt/eNOS site na axis miR-126-3p/PIK3R2, si otú ahụ na-emeziwanye nnabata nke endometrium.
2. Ọrụ na-edobe afọ ime
A na-emepụta HCG site na mkpụrụ ndụ syncytiotrophoblast dị iche iche ma bụrụ ihe mgbaàmà dị mkpa nke embrayo dị mkpa maka ịnọgide na-enwe afọ ime [2]..
Na-eme ka mmeghachi omume cascade dị iche iche rụọ ọrụ: HCG nwere ike jikọta na hormone luteinizing / chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) ma nwee ike mee ka mmeghachi omume cascade dị iche iche, gụnyere ndị nne megide decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2) maka ndị nne nwere ikike dị iche iche, protein kinase C (PKC), na / ma ọ bụ protein kinase na-eme ka mmekọrịta na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka A / PKC na-emekọ ihe. (TGFβR).
Promoting angiogenesis in the uterine endothelium: HCG plays a special role in promoting angiogenesis in the uterine endothelium, providing a good growth environment for the embryo.Maintaining the quiescence of the myometrium: It helps to maintain the stable state of the uterus and provides a suitable environment for the development of the embryo.Promoting immunomodulation at the maternal-fetal interface: It plays an important role in the Immunomodulation na interface nke nne-nwa ebu n'afọ ma na-edozi nzaghachi nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ nke nne na ẹmbrayo.
3. Ọrụ na mbufe embrayo jụrụ oyi
Nnyocha achọpụtala na mkpali acupoint eletrik transcutaneous (TEAS) jikọtara ya na ọgwụgwọ HCG nwere ike imezi nsonaazụ afọ ime nke ndị ọrịa na-ebufe embrayo jụrụ oyi ..
Ịbawanye ọkpụrụkpụ nke endometrium: ọgwụgwọ TEAS na-enyere aka ịbawanye ọkpụrụkpụ nke endometrium na ndị ọrịa na-ebufe embrayo oyi kpọnwụrụ. Ngwakọta ọgwụgwọ nke HCG na TEAS na-enyekwa aka ịbawanye ọkpụrụkpụ nke endometrium na ndị ọrịa a.
Mbelata ihe nrịbama ọbara nke akwara uterine: ụkpụrụ nke usoro ọbara endometrial PI na RI na TEAS jikọtara ya na otu HCG na otu TEAS dị ntakịrị karịa ndị nọ na njikwa ahụ, na-egosi na ngwakọta ọgwụgwọ HCG na TEAS nwere ike belata nrịba ọbara index PI na RI nke akwara uterine na ndị ọrịa.
Ịbawanye ọkwa nke ihe ndị metụtara nlekọta afọ ime na serum: ọgwụgwọ HCG na-enyere aka ịbawanye ọkwa nke serum P na leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) na ndị ọrịa na-ebufe embrayo oyi kpọnwụrụ. Ọkwa LIF serum dị na otu TEAS, otu HCG, na TEAS jikọtara ya na otu HCG dị elu nke ukwuu karịa ndị nọ n'otu njikwa. Ọnụọgụ ntinye nke ẹmbrayo n'ime otu jikọtara dị elu karịa nke dị na otu njikwa, na-atụ aro na ọgwụgwọ TEAS na HCG jikọtara ọnụ nwere ike ime ka nsonaazụ ime nke ndị ọrịa na-ebufe embrayo oyi kpọnwụrụ.
4. Ọgwụgwọ hypogonadism nwoke
Hypogonadism kpatara site na ezughi oke nzuzo nke gonadotropin n'ime ụmụ nwoke nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ahụike ịmụ nwa na ndụ ndị ọrịa. Gonadotropin chorionic mmadụ (HCG) na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ịgwọ ọrịa ndị dị otú ahụ. HCG na-ejikọta ndị na-anabata ya n'elu mkpụrụ ndụ Leydig na testis, na-eme ka ụzọ mgbaàmà intracellular rụọ ọrụ, ma na-akwalite ntụgharị nke cholesterol n'ime testosterone. Mmụba nke testosterone nwere ike ịkwalite uto na mmepe nke testis ma mee ka olu nke testis dịkwuo elu. N'otu oge ahụ, testosterone nwekwara ike ịkpalite mmepe nke akụkụ ọmụmụ dịka epididymis na vas deferens. Testosterone na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepe nke àgwà nwoke na nwanyị nke abụọ. Site n'ịbawanye ọkwa nke testosterone, ọgwụgwọ HCG nwere ike ịkwalite uto nke ajị agba na apụl Adam, mee ka ike anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu, ma mụbaa agụụ mmekọahụ, wdg.
Isi mmalite ekwentị, ebumnuche, ihe nrịbama metụtara, yana ọrụ nke isoforms HCG dị iche iche na ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị ime na ndị dị ime.
Isi mmalite: PubMed [2]
Kedu ihe bụ isi ngwa nke HCG?
1. A na-eji ya maka nchọpụta nke afọ ime n'oge
Uru iji tụọ ọdịnaya nke serum T-HCG na β-HCG n'oge afọ ime: Chịkọta ikpe nke afọ ime na-adịghị mma, tụọ serum T-HCG site na iji chemiluminescence, tụọ serum β-HCG site na iji radioimmunoassay, wee mee nleba anya siri ike. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na ọdịnaya nke serum T-HCG na β-HCG dị n'ime otu afọ ime ectopic dị ntakịrị karịa ndị nọ n'otu ime ime na otu ime ime intrauterine. Nke a na-egosi na nleba nke ọdịnaya nke serum T-HCG na β-HCG nwere ezigbo nkọwa na ọnụọgụ nyocha maka ịmata ọdịiche dị n'afọ ime ectopic na ime ime intrauterine, na T-HCG nwere mmetụta dị elu na ntụkwasị obi [4]..
Nchọpụta ime ime ectopic site na nchikota nke serum HCG, β-HCG, na progesterone: Chọpụta serum HCG, β-HCG, na progesterone n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nkịtị na ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nwere ime ectopic. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọkwa nke serum HCG, β-HCG, na progesterone dị n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nkịtị dị mma karịa nke ndị inyom dị ime nwere ime ectopic. Mgbe achọpụtara naanị ya, ọnụego ziri ezi nke serum HCG na nyocha nke afọ ime ectopic bụ 70.83%; ọnụego ziri ezi nke β-HCG bụ 66.7%; Ọnụ ọgụgụ ziri ezi nke progesterone bụ 54.17%. Nchọpụta nchikota nke serum HCG, β-HCG, na progesterone nwere ọnụego ziri ezi ruru 95.8% na nyocha nke afọ ime ectopic [5]..
2. Ngwa na teknụzụ ịmụ nwa na-enyere aka
Na-ebuli oke follicular maturation: Na mkpali ovarian, ụmụ mmadụ menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) nwere ike kwalite oke follicular maturation mgbe pituitary desensitization kpatara site na gonadotropin na-ahapụ homonụ analogues (Gn-RH-analogue). Nke a bụ tumadi n'ihi na ọ na-ezere mmeghachi omume luteinizing endogenous (LG) nke na-eme n'oge ọgwụgwọ hMG n'ihe dịka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke usoro ọgwụgwọ. N'ọtụtụ ọmụmụ iji buserelin ma ọ bụ degarelix dị ka analogues Gn-RH, ndị ọrịa 282 natara in vitro fatịlaịza, nnyefe intrafallopian gamete, ma ọ bụ dịka akụkụ nke ọgwụgwọ 'in vivo'. Ngwakọta ọgwụgwọ GnRH analogue/hMG/HCG mụbara nke ukwuu ọnụ ọgụgụ ime n'ime otu niile. Ọnụego ime nke ndị ọrịa a na-emeso HMG/HCG bụ 17%, ebe ọgwụgwọ jikọtara ọnụ mere 25% nke ndị ọrịa dị ime [6].
Imelite nnabata nke endometrium: Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) bụ otu n'ime akara ngosi dị mkpa tupu etinye embrayo. Nnyocha site na iji nyocha anụ ahụ endometrial chọpụtara na mgbe nchịkwa intrauterine nke HCG gasịrị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ na-egosipụta endothelial cell adhesion molecules VE-cadherin (CD144) na S-Endo-1 (CD146) mụbara nke ukwuu, na-atụ aro na sel endothelial cell adhesion molecules nwere ike ịbụ usoro nwere ike ime nke HCG na-eme ka mmụba nke ime ime [7] embryo..
2. Ọgwụgwọ nke luteal insufficiency
N'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, a na-eji nchịkwa progesterone exogenous dị ka nkwado oge luteal (LPS) yana mkpali ovarian a na-achịkwa site na iji chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) iji kpalite maturation ikpeazụ nke follicles. Iwebata GnRHa iji kpalite ovulation na-egosi na nchịkwa progesterone exogenous ezughi oke iji nweta ọnụọgụ afọ ime afọ ojuju na-enweghị mgbakwunye HCG.
Nke a akpalitela imepụta atụmatụ ọzọ maka nkwado luteal phase. Ịbawanye mmepụta progesterone nke mpaghara mpaghara nke multiple corpora lutea bụ isi ihe, n'otu aka ahụ, iji zere mmepe nke ọrịa hyperstimulation nke ovarian, na n'aka nke ọzọ, iji nye ọkwa progesterone zuru oke iji nọgide na-etinye ya.
Nnyocha dị ugbu a enyochala ọrụ nke micro-dose HCG maka nkwado oge luteal wee mụọ uru na ọghọm ya nwere ike. Dabere na njirimara pharmacokinetic nke HCG, a na-enyocha usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ nke nkesa nkesa nke HCG n'oge oge luteal site na ijikọta ọtụtụ ụzọ nchịkwa HCG dị iche iche dị ka nkwado oge luteal. A na-atụ aro na nkwado usoro luteal ugbu a enyere yana GnRHa na-akpalite (ya bụ, 1500IU) siri ike, yana nchịkwa micro-dose HCG kwa ụbọchị nwere ike inye nkwado usoro luteal kachasị maka ọgwụ dị ugbu a. A na-enyekwa nsonaazụ izizi nke usoro micro-dose HCG [8].
3. Ọgwụgwọ nke otu akụkụ intra-abdominal testis na-agbadaghị
A na-eduzi ọmụmụ ihe na ndị ọrịa na-enweta orchidopexy maka otu n'ime eriri afọ na-adịghị ala ala site na September 2010 ruo September 2016. N'izu abụọ mgbe ọrụ ahụ gasịrị, ndị nne na nna nke ndị ọrịa natara ọgwụgwọ hormone kwesịrị ịgbaso usoro izu 6. Ndị ọrịa ahụ nwetara ọgwụ mgbochi subcutaneous nke 500 UI (Gonasi-HP) kwa izu. Emere nleba anya na njedebe nke ọgwụgwọ na ọnwa 6 ka e mesịrị.
A na-atụle olu nke testis site na ultrasound na ultrasonic elastography na ntinye nke ọ bụla ma jiri ya tụnyere nke ndị ọrịa na-enwetaghị ọgwụgwọ. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ndị ọrịa 45 nwetara ọgwụgwọ, na nkezi afọ 18.0± 9.7 ọnwa. Ndị ọrịa 32 nwetara ọgwụgwọ homonụ na-arụ ọrụ mgbe ha mechara, ọ nweghịkwa mmeghachi omume ọjọọ ma ọ bụ ikpe nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.
Ndị ọrịa niile dechara nlebanya ahụ. Ọ dịghị ikpe nke testicular atrophy na otu abụọ. N'ime otu ọgwụgwọ ahụ, 81% nke ndị ọrịa ruru ogo testis nkịtị na ọnwa 6, ebe ọnụọgụ testis nke ndị ọrịa ndị ọzọ ka dị obere. N'ime otu a na-adịghị agwọ ọrịa, 46% nke ndị ọrịa ruru ogo testis nkịtị. Iji mmadụ chorionic gonadotropin (u-HCG) emechaa arụ ọrụ ya nwere ike imeziwanye olu na ọrụ testis site n'ịkwalite uto na mmepe nke testis [9].
4. Ngwa na nyocha nke ọgwụ mgbochi β-HCG
Mee ule mkpali HCG n'ahụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị ejiri ọgwụ mgbochi NII beta-HCG ọgwụ mgbochi mana ha enweghị mgbochi HCG antibody, ma jiri mkpali nke serum progesterone secretion dị ka ihe na-egosi nzaghachi corpus luteum na HCG intravenous. Nsonaazụ gosiri na n'ime otu njikwa, ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọkwa nzuzo nke progesterone dị elu karịa mgbe mkpali HCG gasịrị karịa ọkwa basal, ebe ọkwa progesterone kacha elu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ime ọgwụ mgbochi agafeghị ọkwa basal mgbe ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ gasịrị, na-egosi na ọgwụ nje na-emepụta ọgwụ mgbochi nwere ike igbochi mmetụta nke HCG exogenous [10]..
N'ikpeazụ, HCG na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị atụ na ngalaba ahụike, karịsịa n'akụkụ ndị metụtara mmeputakwa. Na ọgwụgwọ ọmụmụ, ọ nwere ike ịkpalite ovulation n'ụzọ dị irè, na-ewetara ndị ọrịa na-amụghị nwa nke nsogbu ovulation kpatara. Site na ijikọ ndị na-anabata LH n'ime ahụ, ọ nwere ike mejupụta ọkwa LH ezughi oke na protocol antagonist ma nyere aka na maturation follicular. Maka ụkọ luteal, HCG nwere ike kpalie corpus luteum iji zoo progesterone ma nọgide na-enwe ọnọdụ hormonal kwesịrị ekwesị iji kwado ime ime.
N'ihi na nwoke hypogonadism kpatara site ezughị ezu secretion nke gonadotropin, HCG nwere ike na-akpali Leydig mkpụrụ ndụ na testis synthesize na secrete testosterone, na-akwalite testicular mmepe, mma nke abụọ mmekọahụ àgwà, na welie na ịmụ nwa na ndụ nke ndị ọrịa. N'otu oge ahụ, HCG na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwado afọ ime n'oge, na-akpali corpus luteum ka ọ na-ezobe progesterone na-aga n'ihu iji hụ na ntinye na mmepe embrayo. Na nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ, ịchọpụta ọkwa HCG bụ ihe ndabere dị mkpa maka ịchọpụta afọ ime n'oge na ịchọpụta ime ime na-adịghị mma dị ka ime ectopic, na-enye nkwado siri ike maka ntinye aka na ọgwụgwọ n'oge.
Banyere Onye dere ya
Ihe niile a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ Cocer Peptides na-enyocha, dezie ma chịkọta ya.
Onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị
Chinedu Nwabuobi bụ onye nchọcha nwere nka n'ihe gbasara Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Biology, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chemistry, and Oncology. Ejikọtala ya na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ama ama, gụnyere Mahadum South Florida, Mahadum Rochester, na Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya na isiokwu ndị dị ka ọrụ ndu na ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ nke gonadotropin chorionic mmadụ (HCG), na ntinye aka iji ghọta ọrụ ya na ahụike ịmụ nwa na ọrịa ndị metụtara ya. Chinedu Nwabuobi depụtara n'akwụkwọ ntụaka [2].
