Cocer Peptides ye 
ŋlɔe ɣleti 1 enye sia
NYATAKAKAWO KPLE NUSIWO WOTSƆ ƑE NYATAKAKA SIWO KAtã WOÐO LE NYATAKAKADZRAÐOƑE SIA ME LA KPLE NYATAKAKAWO kaka KPLEE NUFIAFIA ƑE TAÐOÐOWO KO.
Wotrɔ asi le atike siwo wona le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu na numekuku le vitro ɖeɖeko. Wowɔa numekuku le vitro (Latingbe me: *le ahuhɔ̃e me*, si gɔmee nye le ahuhɔ̃e me) le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã godo. Atike siawo menye atikewo o, United States ƒe Nuɖuɖu Kple Atike Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (FDA) meda asi ɖe wo dzi o, eye mele be woazã wo atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe atikewɔwɔ, dɔléle, alo dɔléle aɖeke nu, adae, alo adae o. Se de se vevie be woatsɔ atike siawo ade amegbetɔ alo lãwo ƒe ŋutilã me le mɔ ɖesiaɖe nu.
Nyatakaka Veviwo tso KPV ŋu
KPV nye tripeptide si ƒe dɔlékuiwutike ɖedzesi aɖe le esi, si wɔnɛ be wòte ŋu wɔa akpa aɖe le go geɖe me.
Figure 1 HA-KPV-NPs ƒe Atikewɔwɔ ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe UC ŋu HA-KPV-NPs siwo wotsɔ de hydrogel (chitosan/alginate) me nono nu me naa atikewɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi siwo wotsɔ ƒo ƒu ɖe UC ŋu to lãkusi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ kabakaba kple dɔdzẽ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me.
KPV ƒe Dɔlékuiwutike ƒe Dɔwɔnu
1. Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Dzesidemɔwo Dzi Kpɔkpɔ
NF-κB Dzesi Mɔ: NF-κB nye nuŋɔŋlɔ ƒe akpa vevi aɖe si wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo me. Ne lãmenugbagbeviwo do go dɔdzẽ ƒe nusiwo doa ŋusẽ wo la, NF-κB trɔna tso lãmenugbagbeviwo me yia nucleus me, si dzea domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo doa alɔ dɔdzẽ ƒe cytokine ƒe nuŋɔŋlɔ gɔme. KPV ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe NF-κB ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu. Le amegbetɔ ƒe dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo kple amegbetɔ ƒe T lãmenugbagbeviwo me la, wotsɔ pro-inflammatory cytokines do ŋusẽ lãmenugbagbeviwo, eye wotsɔ KPV kpe ɖe eŋu le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me. Wozã mɔnuwo abe NF-κB luciferase domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nyadzɔdzɔgblɔla dodokpɔwo, protein immunoblotting, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, kple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tsɔ kpɔe be KPV le nanomolar ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ me ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe NF-κB ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu, si ana wòaɖe pro-inflammatory cytokines ƒe dodo dzi akpɔtɔ. Mɔnu sia le vevie ŋutɔ le dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ dzi kpɔkpɔ me, elabena NF-κB ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũu akpa le dɔgboa ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo kple dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me nye nu vevi aɖe le dɔgbo ƒe dɔléle (IBD) kple dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe nɔnɔme bubuwo me.
MAP kinase ƒe dzesimɔ: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ƒe dzesimɔ nye ɖoɖowɔɖi ƒe mɔ vevi bubu le dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), kple p38 MAPK. Kinase siawo wɔa dɔ ne lãmenugbagbeviwo do go dɔdzẽ ƒe nusiwo doa ŋusẽ wo, si wɔnɛ be nuŋɔŋlɔ ƒe nusiwo le anyime ƒe phosphorylation eye wòdoa domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo do ƒome kple dɔdzẽ ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖe ŋgɔ. KPV ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe MAP kinase ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe dzesimɔ hã nu. Ne lãmenugbagbeviwo do go dɔdzẽ ƒe nusiwo doa ŋusẽ wo la, KPV ate ŋu axe mɔ na MAPK ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, si aɖe eƒe phosphorylation si nye downstream transcription factors dzi akpɔtɔ, si wɔnɛ be pro-inflammatory cytokines ƒe wɔwɔ dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ. Le dɔdzẽ ƒe nɔnɔme me la, p38 MAPK ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hea pro-inflammatory cytokines abe TNF-α kple IL-6 ene ƒe ɖeɖefia dzina ɖe edzi, gake KPV ateŋu axe mɔ ɖe p38 MAPK ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu, si aɖe cytokines siawo ƒe dodo dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòato esia me aɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖoa dzi akpɔtɔ.
2. Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi
PepT1 tsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubu: PepT1 nye di/tripeptide mɔzɔla si woɖena fiana zi geɖe le dɔgbo suea me gake wodonɛ ɖe dɔgboa me le IBD wɔɣi. KPV ƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe akpa aɖe tso PepT1 gbɔ. Le dodokpɔ siwo wowɔ le xɔxlɔ̃ me la, wozã KPV fafɛ abe hoʋiʋli ƒe mɔxenu na hPepT1 abe nusi wotsɔ dzesi na keklẽŋusẽ ene, alo wozã [⊃3;H]KPV tsɔ de dzesi KPV xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe nɔnɔmewo. KPV gena ɖe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo kple dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me to hPepT1 dzi. Esia ɖee fia be PepT1, abe mɔzɔla ene, naa KPV ƒe gege ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo me nɔa bɔbɔe be wòawɔ eƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo ŋudɔ. Ne woxe mɔ ɖe PepT1 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu la, KPV ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si gena ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna, eye eƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo gbɔdzɔna nenema ke. Le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu siwo me PepT1 ƒe ɖeɖefia ƒe knockdown le me, ne wodoe le agbɔsɔsɔ ɖeka me gɔ̃ hã la, KPV ɖea mɔxexeɖedɔléle ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi siwo dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ ɖe NF-κB ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi eye wòɖea pro-inflammatory cytokines ƒe dodo dzi kpɔtɔna ne wotsɔe sɔ kple lãmenugbagbevi siwo ƒe PepT1 ƒe ɖeɖefia sɔ, si gaɖo kpe akpa vevi si PepT1 wɔna le domenɔlanyenye me le KPV ƒe dɔlékuiwutike ƒe mɔnu me dzi.
3. Dɔdzẽ ƒe cytokines ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ
Mɔxexe ɖe dɔlékuiwutikewo nu: KPV ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dɔlékuiwutike gbogbo aɖewo ƒe wɔwɔ kple woƒe dodo nu vevie. TNF-α nye cytokine vevi aɖe le dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo me, si te ŋu naa dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa dɔ, nana wowɔa cytokine bubu siwo doa alɔ dɔdzẽ, eye wògblẽa nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu. Le dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu vovovowo me la, TNF-α ƒe ɖeɖefia ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ le KPV dɔdamɔnu megbe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me. KPV xe mɔ na IL-1β, IL-6, kple cytokines bubu siwo doa alɔ dɔdzẽ hã. IL-1β ate ŋu ahe dɔdzẽ ƒe cascade ƒe dɔwɔwɔ vɛ, si ado dɔdzẽ ƒe domenɔla bubuwo ƒe dodo ɖe ŋgɔ. KPV ate ŋu aɖe eƒe ɖeɖefia kple eƒe dodo le lãmeka siwo me dɔdzẽ le me dzi akpɔtɔ, si ana dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ƒe sesẽ dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ.
Dɔlékuiwutikewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ: Tsɔ kpe ɖe mɔxexe ɖe dɔlékuiwutikewo nu la, KPV ate ŋu ado dɔlékuiwutikewo ƒe ɖeɖefia hã ɖe ŋgɔ. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) nye cytokine vevi aɖe si tsia dɔdzẽ nu si ate ŋu axe mɔ na dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ eye wòaɖe cytokines siwo doa alɔ dɔdzẽ ƒe wɔwɔ dzi akpɔtɔ.
4. Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ
T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ: T lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dɔdzẽ dzi kpɔkpɔ me. Le dɔdzẽ ƒe nɔnɔmewo me la, T lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔa dɔ eye woɖea pro-inflammatory cytokines. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be KPV ate ŋu aɖɔ T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖo. Le dodokpɔ siwo wowɔ kple amegbetɔ ƒe T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe hatsotso Jurkat me la, esi wotsɔ pro-inflammatory cytokines do ŋusẽ Jurkat lãmenugbagbeviwo la, KPV tsɔtsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu xe mɔ na T cell ƒe dɔwɔwɔ eye wòɖe pro-inflammatory cytokines abe IFN-γ ene ƒe dodo dzi kpɔtɔ. Woate ŋu awɔ esia to mɔxexe ɖe NF-κB kple MAPK ƒe dzesimɔwo nu le T lãmenugbagbeviwo me. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, le lãwo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖewo abe CD45RB(hi) dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu ene me la, KPV dɔdamɔnu ate ŋu aɖɔ T lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gege ɖe dɔgboa me kple dɔwɔwɔ ɖo, aɖe T lãmenugbagbevi sue siwo do ƒome kple dɔdzẽ abe Th1 kple Th17 lãmenugbagbeviwo ene dzi akpɔtɔ, eye wòana T lãmenugbagbevi siwo kpɔa dɔdzẽ dzi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme nadzi ɖe edzi, si ana dɔgboa ƒe dɔdzẽ dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ.
Macrophage ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ: Macrophage nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbevi veviwo le dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖo me eye woate ŋu ama wo ɖe hatsotso me ɖe M1 macrophages siwo wowɔ dɔ le blema me kple M2 macrophage siwo wowɔ dɔ le mɔ bubu nu me le woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme nu. M1 macrophages ɖea pro-inflammatory cytokines gbogbo aɖewo ɖe go, gake M2 macrophages ya ƒe dɔ siwo tsia dɔdzẽ nu kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖodɔwo le wo si. KPV ate ŋu aɖɔ macrophage ƒe polarization ɖo. Dodokpɔ siwo wowɔ le vitro ɖee fia be ne wotsɔ lipopolysaccharide (LPS) do ŋusẽ macrophages be woawɔ polarize ɖe M1 ƒomevi ŋu la, KPV zazã ɖekae xea mɔ na macrophage ƒe polarization ɖe M1 ƒomevi la ŋu, ɖea M1 macrophage dzesiwo ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi kpɔtɔna, esime wòdoa woƒe polarization ɖe ŋgɔ ɖe M2 ƒomevi gbɔ, si dzia M2 macrophage dzesiwo ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖe edzi (abe arginase-1 ene Arg-1) ƒe nyawo. Le dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu siwo wowɔ le agbe me, abe dɔdzẽ si DSS hena vɛ le sisiblisiwo me ene me la, atikewɔwɔ kple KPV na be macrophages geɖe wu le dɔgboa ƒe lãkusi me va polarizing ɖe M2 ƒomevi ŋu, si wɔe be dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ eye wòdo lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo ɖe ŋgɔ.
5. Ametakpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le dɔgboa me dzi
Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dodo ɖe ŋgɔ: Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe mɔxenu si dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le dɔgboa me wɔna la nyea ametakpɔnu gbãtɔ tso dɔlékuiwo kple nusiwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu ƒe amedzidzedze ŋu. Le dɔdzẽ ƒe nɔnɔmewo me la, dɔgbo ƒe lãkusi ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gbegblẽ hea dɔlékuiwo ƒe ʋuʋu yi teƒe bubu kple endotoxin ƒe sisi vɛ, si gagblẽa dɔgboa ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo ɖe edzi. KPV ate ŋu ana dɔgboa me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nadzi ɖe edzi. Lãmenugbagbeviwo dodokpɔ siwo wowɔ le vitro, afisi wotsɔ dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãkusi me ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔ dɔe tsɔ wɔ dɔ na dɔgboa ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo be woatsɔ awɔ dɔdzẽ ƒe nɔnɔme ƒe kpɔɖeŋui la na be protein siwo ƒoa ƒu sesĩe (abe ZO-1 kple occludin ene) ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ eye mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gblẽ. Gake KPV tsɔtsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu nana protein siwo ƒoa ƒu sesĩe ƒe ɖeɖefia nɔa anyi, enaa lãmenugbagbeviwo dome kadodowo nyona ɖe edzi, eye wònaa dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe mɔxenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gaɖoa wo ŋu. Le DSS-he colitis mice siwo wotsɔ KPV da dɔe me la, immunohistochemistry kple Western blot numekuku ɖee fia be tight junction proteins ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi ɖe edzi le dɔgboa ƒe lãkusi me eye dɔgbo ƒe ʋuʋu dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ, si ɖee fia be KPV kpɔa dɔgboa ƒe lãkusi ƒe mɔxenu ta le vivo me, eɖea nusiwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu ƒe amedzidzedze dzi kpɔtɔna, eye wòɖea dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo dzi kpɔtɔna.
Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãkusi me ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple wo dzadzraɖo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ: Dzoxɔxɔ ate ŋu agblẽ nu le dɔgboa me lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu eye woaku, si agblẽ dɔgboa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me. Ŋutete le KPV ŋu be wòado dɔgboa me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple wo dzadzraɖo ɖe ŋgɔ. Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe agbledede dodokpɔ siwo wowɔ le vitro ɖee fia be ne wotsɔ KPV da dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo gblẽ la na lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi dzi ɖe edzi, abe alesi Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8) de dzesii ene. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe keklẽŋusẽ me dzodzro ɖee fia be proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ƒe ɖeɖefia dzi ɖe edzi, si ɖee fia be lãmenugbagbeviwo nɔ dzidziɖedzi ƒe nɔnɔme si le dɔ wɔm me. Le TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis rat model me la, le atikewɔwɔ kple KPV/SH-PGA hydrogel megbe la, lãmenugbagbeviŋutinunya me ŋkuléle ɖe eŋu ɖee fia be wodzra nusiwo gblẽ le dɔgboa ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu ɖo, eye vivivi la, crypt ƒe wɔwɔmewo trɔ gbɔ va nɔ abe tsã ene. Esia ate ŋu ado ƒome kple KPV ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple wo dzadzraɖo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ, si kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòɖea dɔdzẽ dzi kpɔtɔna eye wòdoa dɔgbo ƒe lãkusiwo ƒe hayahaya ɖe ŋgɔ.
Nɔnɔmetata 2 KPV nye atike le DSS dɔdzẽ me.
6. Antioxidant ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi
Dzesi siwo do ƒome kple oxidative stress ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ: Zi geɖe la, oxidative stress reactions kpena ɖe dɔdzẽ ŋu, eye reactive oxygen species (ROS) kple reactive nitrogen species (RNS) ƒe wɔwɔme dzina ɖe edzi, si wɔnɛ be oxidative gblẽa nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo kple lãkusiwo ŋu. KPV ɖea antioxidant ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi fiana eye ate ŋu aɖɔ dzesi siwo do ƒome kple oxidative stress ɖo. Le dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖewo abe cotton ball-induced mouse granuloma model kple egg white-induced rat dorsal air sac synovitis model ene me la, wokpɔ malondialdehyde (MDA) ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzi ɖe edzi kple superoxide dismutase (SOD) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ si dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ le dɔdzẽ ƒe lãkusiwo me. Le KPV zazã megbe la, MDA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, eye SOD ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖe edzi. MDA nye lipid peroxidation ƒe nuwɔna, eye eƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ fia be lipid peroxidation ƒe nugbegblẽ le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ; SOD nye enzyme vevi aɖe si tsia dzoxɔxɔ nu, eye eƒe dɔwɔwɔ si dzi ɖe edzi fia be ŋutete si le esi be wòaɖe free radicals ɖa. KPV ate ŋu aɖe oxidative ƒe nugbegblẽ le lãmenugbagbevi siwo me dɔdzẽ le me dzi akpɔtɔ to oxidative stress ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ me, si ana wòawɔ dɔ ɖe dɔdzẽ dzi.
7. Mɔnu Bubu Siwo Ate Ŋu Azã
Ƒomedodo si le melanocortin xɔla dome: KPV nye tripeptide si wokpɔ tso α-MSH me. Togbɔ be eƒe dɔlékuiwutike ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ƒe akpa aɖe meku ɖe MC1R ƒe dzesiwo ŋu o hã la, woate ŋu ado ƒome kple MC1R le nɔnɔme aɖewo me. Le lã siwo ɖea MC1Re/e fiana me la, KPV ƒe atikewɔwɔ le DSS-si hena vɛ megbe la gakpɔtɔ wɔa dɔ ɖedzesi aɖe si tsi tre ɖe dɔdzẽ ŋu, si ɖe lã siwo katã le atikewɔwɔ ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa me tso ku me le DSS-si hea dɔgbo ƒe dɔléle me, si ɖee fia be KPV ƒe dɔlékuiwutike ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo meku ɖe MC1R ƒe dzesiwo ŋu le akpa aɖe ya teti me. Le lã siwo ƒe MC1R ƒe ɖeɖefia sɔ me la, KPV ate ŋu ana dɔlékuiwutikewo nadzi ɖe edzi to nuwɔwɔ kple MC1R alo eƒe dzesimɔ siwo le anyime la dzi kpɔkpɔ me.
KPV ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi si Tsi Tre Ðe Dzoxɔxɔ Ŋu
1. Akpa si wòwɔna le dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋuwo me
DSS-induced colitis model: Le DSS-induced mouse colitis model me la, KPV ɖee fia be ewɔa dɔ ɖedzesi aɖe si tsi tre ɖe dɔdzẽ ŋu. Le kpekpeme ƒe tɔtrɔ gome la, sisiblisi siwo wotsɔ KPV da dɔe la ƒe kpekpeme gaɖo wo ŋu kaba eye wòlolo wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple sisiblisi siwo womeda dɔ na o. Lãmetsiŋutinunya me ŋkuléle ɖe eŋu ɖee fia be dɔdzẽ ƒe gege ɖe sisiblisi siwo wotsɔ KPV da dɔe ƒe dɔgbo ƒe lãkusi me dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, si gaɖo kpe edzi to myeloperoxidase (MPO) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ me. MPO nye enzyme si le neutrophils me, eye eƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme ɖea alesi gbegbe lãmenugbagbevi siwo me dɔdzẽ le gena ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo me fiana. MPO ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ le KPV zazã megbe ɖee fia be neutrophil ƒe gege ɖe dɔgboa me dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ eye dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ. To mRNA ƒe ɖeɖefia si nye pro-inflammatory cytokines ƒe dzedze le dɔgbo ƒe lãkusi me, abe TNF-α kple IL-1β ene me la, wokpɔe be KPV dɔdamɔnu ɖe pro-inflammatory cytokines siawo ƒe ɖeɖefia ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ. KPV ɖe dɔdzẽ ƒe dzesi siwo DSS hena vɛ dzi kpɔtɔ tso go geɖe me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gege ɖe lãme na ame dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ, dɔdzẽ ƒe nusiwo woɖena fiana dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ, kple kpekpeme ƒe hayahaya dodo ɖe ŋgɔ.
CD45RB(hi) dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu: Le CD45RB(hi) dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu me la, KPV hã ɖe dɔlékuiwutike nyuiwo fia. Wohe kpɔɖeŋu sia vɛ to T lãmenugbagbevi siwo ɖea CD45RB fiana ŋutɔ la tsɔtsɔ yi sisiblisi siwo ŋu dɔlélenutsiŋutete mele o me. Le KPV dɔdamɔnu megbe la, dɔdzẽ ƒe dzesi siwo nyo ɖe edzi le sisiblisiawo ŋu, woƒe kpekpeme gahaya vivivi, eye lãmenugbagbeviwo me dzodzro ɖee fia be dɔgboa ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe tɔtrɔwo dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ. Ƒuƒoƒo si wotsɔ KPV da dɔe la ɖee fia be dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gege ɖe eme dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ eye crypt ƒe wɔwɔme ƒe gbegblẽ le dɔgbo ƒe lãkusiwo me dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ, si ɖee fia be KPV ɖea dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ si CD45RB(hi) hena vɛ dzi kpɔtɔna nyuie eye wògbugbɔa dɔgbo ƒe lãkusi ƒe wɔwɔme kple dɔwɔwɔ si sɔ la ɖoa anyi.
TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis model: Le TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis rat model me la, KPV hã ɖe atikewɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi veviwo fia. Esi wodo KPV/SH-PGA hydrogel ɖe dɔgboa me na sisiblisiwo vɔ la, dɔgbo ƒe dzesiwo nyo ɖe edzi ŋutɔ. Woɖe alesi gbegbe sisiblisiwo ƒe lolome dzi ɖe kpɔtɔe dzi kpɔtɔ, eye dɔléle ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dzesi (DAI) ƒe dzesi dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ. DAI ƒe dzesi la bua dzesiwo abe tɔtrɔ le sisiblisi ƒe kpekpeme me, aɖuɖɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo, kple ʋu ƒe sisi ene ŋu bliboe. Eƒe dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ɖee fia be KPV/SH-PGA hydrogel ate ŋu aɖe TNBS-si hea abi ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe sesẽ dzi akpɔtɔ nyuie. KPV/SH-PGA hydrogel dɔdamɔnu hã xea mɔ na dɔgbo ƒe kpuiƒe le sisiblisiwo me, dɔgbo me myeloperoxidase ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ, kple dɔgbo ƒe nɔnɔme ƒe wɔwɔme si wogbugbɔ ɖo anyi, si me lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe mɔxenu, crypts, kple goblet cells siwo me gblẽ o hã le. Woɖe pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α kple IL-6, ƒe ɖeɖefia le dɔgbo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me hã dzi kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ, si gaɖe KPV ƒe dɔlékuiwutike ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi fia le TNBS-si hea abi ƒe dɔgbo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu me.
Nyanuwuwuw
KPV, abe tripeptide si si dɔlékuiwutike le ene, ɖea ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi nyuiwo fiana le mɔxexe ɖe dɔgbo ƒe dɔdzẽ kple dɔléle vovovo bubu siwo do ƒome kple dɔdzẽ nu kple wo dada me. Eƒe dɔlékuiwutikewo lɔ nu geɖe ɖe eme, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzesimɔwo dzi kpɔkpɔ, antioxidant ƒe nuteɖeamedzi, kple apoptosis kple autophagy ƒe tɔtrɔ.
Dzɔtsoƒewo
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