Cocer Peptides ye ŋlɔe 
ŋkeke 27 enye sia
NYATAKAKAWO KPLE NUSIWO WOTSƆ ƑE NYATAKAKA SIWO KAtã WOÐO LE NYATAKAKADZRAÐOƑE SIA ME LA KPLE NYATAKAKAWO kaka KPLEE NUFIAFIA ƑE TAÐOÐOWO KO.
Wotrɔ asi le atike siwo wona le nyatakakadzraɖoƒe sia ŋu na numekuku le vitro ɖeɖeko. Wowɔa numekuku le vitro (Latingbe me: *le ahuhɔ̃e me*, si gɔmee nye le ahuhɔ̃e me) le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã godo. Atike siawo menye atikewo o, United States ƒe Nuɖuɖu Kple Atike Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (FDA) meda asi ɖe wo dzi o, eye mele be woazã wo atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe atikewɔwɔ, dɔléle, alo dɔléle aɖeke nu, adae, alo adae o. Se de se vevie be woatsɔ atike siawo ade amegbetɔ alo lãwo ƒe ŋutilã me le mɔ ɖesiaɖe nu.
Kpɔɖeŋu bliboa
Tsitsi ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔmawɔmawɔ (GHD) nye tsitsi kple tsitsi ƒe kuxi si tsoa Tsitsi ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ (GH) ƒe dodo alo eƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie gbɔ. GH, si nye peptide lãmetsi aɖe si ŋgɔgbe lãkusi si le lãkusia me ɖena la wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le ɖeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple tsitsi me. Woxɔ peptide ɖɔliɖɔli ƒe atikewɔwɔ, abe GHD ƒe atike vevitɔ ene, le atikewɔƒewo le afisiafi.
Nɔnɔmetata 1 Ŋusẽ si tsitsi ƒe lãmetsi kple lãmetsi bubuwo kpɔna ɖe ƒu dzi.
Tsitsi ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔwɔnawo
(1) Dzidziɖedzi Kple Ŋgɔyiyi Dodo Ðe Ŋgɔ
Ƒumeŋuɖui ƒe tsitsi: GH wɔa dɔ ɖe ƒuwo ƒe tsitsi ƒe agbawo dzi tẽ, si doa ŋusẽ ƒunukpeƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple vovototodedeameme, doa ƒunukpeƒe ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ƒe wɔwɔme kple calcification ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be ƒu ƒe tsitsi didi nɔa bɔbɔe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le ƒu didiwo ƒe tsitsi me la, GH doa epiphyseal cartilage cells ƒe mama ɖaa ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be ƒumeŋuɖui ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe xexlẽme dzina ɖe edzi, eye wòtoa esia me naa ƒuwo didina.
Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Tsitsi: GH doa lãmenugbagbevi kple ŋutinu vovovowo ƒe tsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ le ŋutilã bliboa me hã. Eʋãa lãmekawo ƒe dzidziɖedzi kple protein ƒe wɔwɔme, si wɔnɛ be lãmekawo ƒe lolome dzina ɖe edzi; edoa ememe ŋutinuwo abe aklã kple ayiku ene ƒe tsitsi kple tsitsi ɖe ŋgɔ, eye wòléa woƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me ɖe asi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le lãmekawo me la, GH doa domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo sɔ ƒe ɖeɖefia ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be lãmekawo ƒe tsitsi kple woƒe dzidziɖedzi fũ akpa.
(2) Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔwɔnawo Ŋuti Ðoɖowɔwɔ
Glucose ƒe asitɔtrɔ: Sukli ƒe asitɔtrɔ le GH ŋu ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ sesẽ ŋutɔ. Ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe sukli ƒe xɔxɔ kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ nu le lãmeka siwo le gota gome, si ana sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nadzi ɖe edzi le ʋu me; ate ŋu ado aklã me glycogen ƒe gbagbã hã ɖe ŋgɔ, si ana sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋu me nadzi ɖe edzi. GH ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɣeyiɣi didi ate ŋu ana insulin ƒe seselelãme nadzi ɖe edzi le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) ƒe dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me, si ana sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋu me naɖiɖi.
Ami ƒe asitɔtrɔ: GH doa ami ƒe gbagbã ɖe ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be ami siwo me ami mele o ƒe dodo dzina ɖe edzi be wòana ŋusẽ ŋutilãa. Eɖea ami ƒe ƒoƒo ɖe lãmekawo me hã dzi kpɔtɔna, si kpena ɖe ame ŋu be ami ƒe mama le ŋutilã me abe alesi wòle ene. Le numekuku aɖewo me la, ɖevi siwo ŋu tsitsimeŋusẽ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie (GHD) le la kpɔe be ami si le woƒe ŋutilã me dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ le GH ɖɔliɖɔli ƒe atikewɔwɔ vɔ megbe, si do ƒome kplikplikpli kple akpa si GH wɔna le ami ƒe asitɔtrɔ le ŋutilã me dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me.
Protein ƒe asitɔtrɔ: GH nye protein ƒe wɔwɔme ƒe ɖoɖowɔla vevi aɖe. Edoa amino acidwo ƒe gege ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo me ɖe ŋgɔ, enaa protein ƒe wɔwɔme kabakaba, eye wòxea mɔ na protein ƒe gbagbã, si wɔnɛ be protein si le ŋutilãa me dzina ɖe edzi. Le ɖevimenɔɣi ƒe tsitsi kple tsitsi me la, ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi sia kpena ɖe ame ŋu be lãmekawo abe lãmekawo kple ƒuwo ene ƒe tsitsi kple wo dzadzraɖo nyuie nanɔ anyi.
Tsitsi ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔmawɔmawɔ le Ðeviwo Me
(1) Dɔléle ƒe dzɔdzɔ
Nusiwo wodzina: Domenyiŋusẽfianu gbɔe GHD dɔnɔ aɖewo tsona. Domenyiŋusẽfianu aɖewo ƒe tɔtrɔ ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe GH ƒe wɔwɔme, eƒe dodo, alo dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo dzi. Domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ siwo bɔ dometɔ aɖewoe nye domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe tɔtrɔ le tsitsiŋusẽ ƒe domenyiŋusẽfianu (GH1) me, si ate ŋu ana GH ƒe wɔwɔme nagblẽ; domenyiŋusẽfianu siwo do ƒome kple lãkusi ƒe tsitsi abe PROP1 kple POU1F1 ene ƒe tɔtrɔ ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ŋgɔgbe lãkusi ƒe tsitsi nyuie dzi, si ana GH ƒe dodo mesɔ gbɔ o.
Nusiwo woxɔ: Nusiwo woxɔ abe ahɔhɔ̃ me dɔdzẽ, dɔlékuiwo, kple nuveviwɔame ene hã ate ŋu ahe GHD vɛ. Ahɔhɔ̃ me dɔdzẽwo abe craniopharyngiomas ene ate ŋu aƒo pituitary gland alo hypothalamus nu ƒu, si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe GH ƒe dodo dzi; dɔlékui siwo le taɖui me abe tagbɔdɔ alo taɖuame ene ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu le pituitary gland alo hypothalamus me, si ana GH ƒe dodo si mesɔ o nado; ta ƒe nuveviwɔame, vevietɔ esiwo me nusiwo gblẽ le pituitary stalk alo hypothalamus ŋu hã ate ŋu agblẽ GH ƒe dodo ƒe ɖoɖomɔwo me, si ahe GHD vɛ.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtsona: GHD dɔnɔwo ƒe akpa aɖe mekpɔ nusi gbɔ wòtso si woate ŋu ade dzesii o eye wobu wo be GHD si nye idiopathic le wo ŋu. Ðewohĩ nusiwo mesɔ o vie anɔ dɔnɔ siawo ŋu le hypothalamic-pituitary ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me, gake masɔmasɔ siawo mesẽ ale gbegbe be woate ŋu akpɔ dɔlélea ɖa keŋkeŋ o. Woxɔe se fifia be idiopathic GHD ate ŋu ado ƒome kple tɔtɔ le hypothalamic neurotransmitter alo neuro-regulatory function me.
(2) Dɔnɔdzikpɔƒe ƒe dzesiwo
Tsitsi ƒe megbetsitsi: Esiae nye GHD ƒe dzesi si ɖe dzesi wu le kɔdzi. Ðevia ƒe kɔkɔme ƒe tsitsi nɔa blewu ŋutɔ wu ehatiwo tɔ, eye zi geɖe la, ƒe sia ƒe ƒe tsitsi medea sentimeta 5 o. Ne ɖevia le tsitsim la, vovototo si le eƒe kɔkɔme kple ehatiwo dome la dzina ɖe edzi vivivi, eye eƒe kɔkɔme kpui va nɔa dzedzem geɖe wu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, togbɔ be ɖevi siwo sɔ la tsina abe sentimeta 5–7 ene ƒe sia ƒe hafi wova ɖoa sɔhɛme hã la, GHD dɔnɔwo ate ŋu atsi sentimeta 2–3 ko.
P roportional body build: Togbɔ be ɖevi siwo ŋu GHD le ƒe kɔkɔme le kpuie hã la, zi geɖe la, woƒe ŋutilã tutuɖo sɔna ɖe enu. Esia to vovo na ƒome ƒe kɔkɔme kpui, afisi ɖeviwo ate ŋu aɖe abɔ kple afɔ ƒe didime si mesɔ o afia le. Zi geɖe la, ɖevi siwo ŋu GHD le ƒe mo ƒe dzedzeme le abe ɖevi ene, eye woƒe ta lolo vie si mesɔ ɖe woƒe ŋutilã ƒe lolome nu o. Ðevi aɖewo siwo ŋu GHD le hã ate ŋu anye esiwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ mesɔ o, abe ami ƒe dzidziɖedzi le ŋutilã me kple lãmekawo ƒe lolome dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ene; ame aɖewo ate ŋu akpɔ gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe tsitsi si tsi megbe, si ƒe dzesi enye sɔhɛmenɔɣi ƒe gɔmedzedze megbe eye gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe nɔnɔme evelia ƒe tsitsi tsi megbe; hekpe ɖe eŋu la, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe kuxiwo abe nusɔsrɔ̃ ƒe kuxiwo kple susu ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ene ate ŋu anɔ ɖevi siwo ŋu GHD le ŋu, siwo do ƒome kple ŋusẽ si tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ kpɔna ɖe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tsitsi dzi.
(3) Mɔnuwo
Nudokpɔƒe ƒe dodokpɔwo
Tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dodokpɔ: Esi wònye be GH dona le ʋu ƒe sisi me ta la, ʋu si woxɔna le vome be woatsɔ adzidze GH ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ mate ŋu aɖe eƒe dodo ƒe nɔnɔme afia pɛpɛpɛ o. Eyata ehiã be woado tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dodokpɔ. Atike siwo wozãna zi geɖe tsɔ doa ŋusẽ ame dometɔ aɖewoe nye insulin, arginine, kple clonidine. To atike si doa ŋusẽ ame ƒe dodo me la, wokpɔa GH ƒe dodo ƒe ŋuɖoɖo. Zi geɖe la, GH ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si mede 10 μg/L o fia be GH ƒe akpa aɖe mesɔ gbɔ o, eye GH ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si mede 5 μg/L o fia GH ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ keŋkeŋ.
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) kple Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) Dzidzedze: IGF-1 kple IGFBP-3 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ do ƒome kplikplikpli kple GH ƒe dodo eye woli ke vie, womekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe pulsatile secretion dzi o. Le ɖevi siwo ŋu GHD le gome la, zi geɖe la, IGF-1 kple IGFBP-3 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ medea woƒe ƒexɔxɔ nu o. Nuwo abe ƒexɔxɔ kple nunyiame ƒe nɔnɔme hã kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe IGF-1 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi, eyata ele be woabu esiawo ŋu bliboe le dɔlélea didi me.
Peptide Ðe eteƒe ƒe Atikewɔwɔ
Atike tiatia na tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ ɖɔliɖɔli ƒe atikewɔwɔ
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH): rhGH ye nye peptide atike si wozãna wu fifia tsɔ daa GHD le atikewɔnyawo me. Wozãa domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya tsɔ wɔae, eye amino acid ƒe ɖoɖo si sɔ kple dzɔdzɔme GH tɔ. rhGH le atike vovovowo me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye atikekui siwo wotsɔ tsikpe ƒu gbe kple atike siwo wotsɔ tsi wɔe. Le numekuku aɖewo me la, amegbetɔ ƒe tsitsime lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe tsi siwo wogbugbɔ ƒo ƒu zazã tsɔ da ɖevi siwo ŋu GHD le na atikewɔwɔ me tsonu nyuiwo, eye dɔnɔwo ƒe kɔkɔme ƒe tsitsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme dzi ɖe edzi ŋutɔ.
Tsitsi ƒe lãmetsi si wɔa dɔ ɣeyiɣi didi: Be dɔnɔwo nawɔ ɖe se dzi nyuie wu la, woto tsitsi ƒe lãmetsi si wɔa dɔ ɣeyiɣi didi vɛ. Wowɔa tsitsi ƒe lãmetsi siwo wɔa dɔ ɣeyiɣi didi to atikewo ƒe asitɔtrɔ le rhGH ŋu me be wòadidi eƒe agbenɔƒe afã ɖe edzi le ŋutilãa me, si wɔnɛ be wodoa atike na ame zi gbɔ zi geɖe. Polyethylene glycol-modified recombinant human growth hormone (PEG-rhGH) hiã be woadoe zi ɖeka ko kwasiɖa sia kwasiɖa, si ɖea atike dodo ƒe agba si le dɔnɔwo dzi dzi kpɔtɔna ŋutɔ. PEG-rhGH ɖea dɔwɔwɔ kple dedienɔnɔ fiana abe rhGH dodo gbesiagbe ene le ɖevi siwo ŋu GHD le dada me.
Numekuku ƒe ŋgɔyiyi le peptide-tike bubuwo ŋu: Tsɔ kpe ɖe rhGH kple eƒe atike siwo wɔa dɔ ɣeyiɣi didi ŋu la, wole peptide-tike yeye geɖe wɔm fifia. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, peptide-nu aɖewo siwo doa GH ƒe dodo ɖe ŋgɔ alo doa ŋusẽ GH ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ate ŋu ado abe atike yeye siwo woate ŋu azã na GHD ene.
(2) Atikewɔwɔ me tsonu
Kɔkɔme ƒe Dzidziɖedzi: Kɔkɔme dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔe nye nusi fia tẽ wu si dzi woato akpɔ alesi tsitsimeŋusẽ si wotsɔ ɖɔlia tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ wɔa dɔe. To ɖevia ƒe kɔkɔme dzidzedze edziedzi, akɔntabubu le eƒe kɔkɔme ƒe tsitsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme ŋu, kple etsɔtsɔ sɔ kple alesi wònɔ do ŋgɔ na atikewɔwɔ me. Zi geɖe la, le atikewɔwɔ ƒe ɣleti 6–12 gbãtɔwo me la, kɔkɔme ƒe tsitsi kabakaba ŋutɔ, eye emegbe wòli ke vivivi. Le numekukuwo me la, GHD dɔnɔ siwo wotsɔ tsitsiŋusẽ da dɔ na ɣleti 6 kpɔe be yewoƒe kɔkɔme ƒe tsitsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme dzi ɖe edzi tso sentimeta 3 ƒe sia ƒe hafi wowɔ atike na wo va ɖo sentimeta 8 ƒe sia ƒe.
Ƒu ƒe ƒexɔxɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ: Ƒu ƒe ƒexɔxɔ nye nu vevi aɖe si fia be ƒuwo tsi. Tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiwo zazã ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ aɖe ɖe ƒu ƒe ƒexɔxɔ dzi. Le atikewɔwɔ me la, ele be woadzidze ƒe si ƒuwo xɔ edziedzi be woalé ŋku ɖe alesi ƒu ƒe tsitsi le dzidzim ɖe edzii ŋu. Ele be ƒu ƒe tsitsi nawɔ ɖeka kple kɔkɔme ƒe tsitsi be woaƒo asa na ƒu ƒe tsitsi kaba si ana woatu tsitsi ƒe agbawo kaba, si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ame tsitsi mamlɛtɔ ƒe kɔkɔme dzi.
IGF-1 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ: IGF-1 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nye nugbagbeŋusẽ ƒe dzesi vevi aɖe si woatsɔ akpɔ tsitsime lãmetsiŋusẽtike ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie. Le tsitsime lãmetsiŋusẽ zazã megbe la, zi geɖe la, IGF-1 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzina ɖe edzi eye wòdo ƒome kplikplikpli kple atikewɔwɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie. Zi geɖe la, IGF-1 ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le seɖoƒe si le etame si le seɖoƒe si sɔ alo esi wu alesi wòle be wòanɔ vie la ɖenɛ fiana be atikewɔwɔa wɔa dɔ nyuie.
Tsɔ kpe ɖe ŋkuléle ɖe tɔtrɔ siwo va le ŋutilã ƒe dzesiwo me ŋu la, ele be woada ŋusẽ si tsitsimeŋusẽ ƒe atikewɔwɔ kpɔna ɖe ɖevia ƒe agbenɔnɔ dzi hã kpɔ. Esia lɔ ɖevia ƒe susu ƒe nɔnɔme, hadomenunya, kple sukudede ɖe eme. Le tsitsime lãmetsiŋusẽtike zazã nyuie megbe la, ɖevia ƒe kaka ɖe eɖokui dzi nyona ɖe edzi, hadomenuwɔnawo dzina ɖe edzi, sukudede nyona ɖe edzi, eye agbenɔnɔ ƒe nyonyome dzina ɖe edzi ŋutɔ.
Nyanuwuwuw
Tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ le ɖeviwo me nye nɔnɔme sesẽ aɖe si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe tsitsi kple tsitsi dzi vevie, eye mɔnu sesẽ siwo le eme kple dɔdamɔnu vovovowo ƒe dzesiwo le eŋu. Peptide ɖɔliɖɔli ƒe atikewɔwɔ, vevietɔ tsitsi ƒe lãmetsiwo ɖɔliɖɔli ƒe atikewɔwɔ, va zu GHD ƒe atike vevitɔ.
Dzɔtsoƒewo
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